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Trevor I Prior

Publications and source records attributed to Trevor I Prior.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Interactions between the cytochrome P450 system and the second-generation antipsychotics.

Awareness of the metabolism of second-generation antipsychotics by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system can inform the clinician about how to avoid and manage drug-drug interactions involving these enzymes. Clozapine is metabolized primarily by CYP1A2, with additional contributions by CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4. Risperidone is metabolized primarily by CYP2D6 and to a lesser extent by CYP3A4. Olanzapine is metabolized primarily by CYP1A2 and to a lesser extent by CYP2D6. Quetiapine and ziprasidone are metabolized by CYP3A4. At the usual clinical doses, these drugs appear not to significantly affect the metabolism of other medications. There is, however, a lack of in vivo metabolic data, especially for the 3 newest second-generation antipsychotics: olanzapine, quetiapine and ziprasidone.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed2002

Stereochemistry and drug efficacy and development: relevance of chirality to antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs.

Many drugs contain a chiral center or a center of unsaturation, or such centers result during metabolism of these drugs. Often such drugs are marketed as a mixture of the resultant enantiomers (racemates) or of geometric isomers, respectively. These enantiomers (molecules that are not superimposible on their mirror image) or geometric isomers may differ markedly from each other with regard to their pharmacodynamic and/or pharmacokinetic properties. This review deals primarily with drugs with chiral centers, and possible complications arising from the use of racemates are discussed. Recent developments in resolution of enantiomers, increased knowledge of the molecular structure of specific drug targets and a heightened awareness of several possible advantages of using single enantiomers rather than racemic mixtures of drugs have led to an increased emphasis on understanding the role of chirality in drug development. This has resulted in increased investigation of individual enantiomers early on in the development of drugs and in 'chiral switching', i.e. the replacement of a racemate of a drug which has already been approved or marketed by a single enantiomer. Although stereochemistry is an important matter to consider in drugs of virtually all classes, this review focuses on the relevance of chirality to antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs. Examples of the effects of chiral centers on the properties of antidepressants (tricyclics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, viloxazine, bupropion, mianserin, venlafaxine, mirtazapine and reboxetine), antipsychotics and/or some of their metabolites are discussed.

Antidepressive Agents↗