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Tristan D Yan

Publications and source records attributed to Tristan D Yan.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Perioperative outcomes of cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for non-appendiceal peritoneal carcinomatosis from a prospective database.

BACKGROUND: Cytoreductive surgery combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy has expanded its application in the management of peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastrointestinal and ovarian malignancies. An accurate assessment of perioperative outcomes is crucial for integration of this combined procedure into clinical practice. METHODS: A prospective study of 80 patients undergoing the combined treatment for non-appendiceal peritoneal carcinomatosis was conducted. Forty-seven adverse events by eight organ-systems were rated from Grade I to IV with increasing severity. RESULTS: One patient (1.3%) died postoperatively. Postoperative adverse events affected genitourinary system (38%), hematological system (31%), gastrointestinal system (25%), infection (20%), intravenous catheters status (15%), pulmonary system (14%), cardiovascular system (11%) and neurological system (4%). Thirty-six patients (45%) experienced 49 Grade III adverse events. Six patients (8%) experienced eight Grade IV adverse events. More than four peritonectomy procedures (P = 0.010), and length of hospital stay of more than 21 days (P = 0.007) were strongly associated with Grade III and/or Grade IV morbidity. CONCLUSION: The morbidity and mortality rates after the combined treatment for non-appendiceal peritoneal carcinomatosis were within the acceptable range of surgical treatments for other gastrointestinal cancers. A standardized prospective database is required for an accurate assessment of perioperative outcomes.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed2006

Prognostic indicators for patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma.

BACKGROUND: This study evaluates clinical, radiological and histopathological prognostic indicators for survival of patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (DMPM). METHODS: Sixty-two consecutive patients with DMPM underwent cytoreduction and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy at the Washington Cancer Institute. Twenty-six clinical, radiological and histopathological parameters were analyzed in univariate and multivariate analyses using overall survival as an endpoint. RESULTS: The overall survival was 79 months (range 1-143 months), with 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates of 84%, 58% and 50%, respectively. The following 14 prognostic variables were significant for survival in the univariate analysis: gender (P = .045), peritoneal cancer index (P = .038), completeness of cytoreduction score (P = .010), interpretive CT findings of the small bowel and mesentery (P = .001), mesothelioma cell type (P < .001), mesothelioma nuclear size (P < .001), nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio (P < .001), mitotic count (P < .001), atypical mitosis (P < .001), chromatin pattern (P < .001), cellular necrosis (P < .001), perineural invasion (P = .037), stroma pattern (P < .001) and depth of invasion (P = .014). In the multivariate analysis, the only factor that was independently associated with an improved survival after cytoreduction and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy was mesothelioma nuclear size. CONCLUSIONS: Mesothelioma nuclear size was the dominant factor determining overall survival in patients with DMPM. A histopathological staging system based on measurement of the nuclear size was proposed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2006

A systematic review on the efficacy of cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for pseudomyxoma peritonei.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (PIC) for patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) remains to be established. METHODS: Searches for all relevant studies prior to March 2006 were performed on six databases. Two reviewers independently appraised each study using a predetermined protocol. The quality of each study was assessed. Clinical effectiveness was synthesized through a narrative review with full tabulation of results of all included studies. RESULTS: Ten most recent updates from each institution were included for appraisal and data extraction. There were no randomized controlled trials or comparative studies. All included articles were observational studies without control groups. Five studies were relatively large series (n>or=100). Two studies had relatively long-term follow-up (48 months and 52 months). The median follow-up in the remaining eight studies was shorter than 3 years (range 19-35 months). The median survival ranged from 51 to 156 months. The 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-year survival rates varied from 80 to 100%, 76 to 96%, 59 to 96% and 52 to 96%, respectively. The overall morbidity rate varied from 33 to 56%. The overall mortality rates ranged from 0 to 18%. CONCLUSIONS: This study reviewed current evidence on CRS and PIC for PMP. Only observational studies were available for evaluation, which demonstrated some promising long-term results, as compared to historical controls. Due to the rarity of this disease, a well-designed prospective multi-institutional study would be meaningful.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2006

Morbidity and mortality assessment of cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma--a prospective study of 70 consecutive cases.

BACKGROUND: Although many reports regarding morbidity and mortality of cytoreductive surgery plus perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy are available, there are no prospective data on morbidity and mortality limited to patients with diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (DMPM). METHODS: This prospective morbidity and mortality assessment was performed on 70 consecutive cytoreductive procedures with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for DMPM. Forty-seven adverse events by eight categories were rated from grades I to IV with increasing severity. Grade I morbidity was self-limiting; grade II required medical treatments; grade III required an invasive intervention; grade IV required returning to the operating room or intensive care management. Risk factors for grades III and IV morbidity were determined. RESULTS: The perioperative mortality rate was 3%. The grades III and IV morbidity rates were 27 and 14%, respectively. Primary colonic anastomosis (P = 0.028), more than four peritonectomy procedures (P = 0.015), duration of the operation of more than 7 h (P = 0.027) were the risk factors for grade IV morbidity. Survival analysis of these 70 patients was provided. CONCLUSIONS: The morbidity and mortality results for cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for patients with DMPM were within the acceptable range for major gastrointestinal surgery. Grade IV morbidity was associated with more extensive cytoreduction.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary metastases from colorectal carcinoma: prognostic determinants for survival.

BACKGROUND: Preliminary results have shown that percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) may play a useful role in patients with inoperable lung tumors. This series evaluated the prognostic features for survival in nonsurgical candidates who underwent percutaneous RFA of pulmonary metastases from colorectal carcinoma. METHODS: Fifty-five patients not suitable for surgery underwent percutaneous RFA for colorectal pulmonary metastases. All clinical and treatment-related data were collected prospectively. The primary end point of the study was overall survival, defined from the time of RFA intervention. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify statistically significant prognostic parameters for overall survival. RESULTS: The overall median survival was 33 months (range, 4-40 months), with actuarial 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival of 85%, 64%, and 46%, respectively. Univariate analysis demonstrated that largest size of lung metastasis (P < .001), location of lung metastases (P = .032), and repeat percutaneous RFA for pulmonary recurrence (P = .024) were statistically significant for overall survival. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that largest size of lung metastasis >3 cm was independently associated with a reduced overall survival (P = .003). CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous lung RFA may play a useful role in nonsurgical candidates with colorectal pulmonary metastases. However, the survival benefit of this interventional procedure for patients with a pulmonary metastasis >3 cm was limited.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Learning curve for percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary metastases from colorectal carcinoma: a prospective study of 70 consecutive cases.

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for inoperable colorectal pulmonary metastases is associated with a morbidity rate of 30% to 40%. A learning curve in this treatment approach has not been documented before. METHODS: The clinical and treatment-related data regarding 70 consecutive percutaneous RFA procedures for inoperable colorectal pulmonary metastases were collected prospectively. A comparison between the initial 35 cases (group 1) and the subsequent 35 cases (group 2) was performed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the significant risk factors for overall morbidity, pneumothorax, and chest drain requirement. RESULTS: There was no hospital mortality. The overall morbidity rate was 37%. The rate of pneumothorax was 27%. Twelve patients (17%) required chest drain insertion for pneumothorax. There was a significant decline in the incidence of overall morbidity, pneumothorax, and chest drain requirement in group 2 as compared with group 1. Both the number of lung metastases ablated and the RFA treatment period (group 1 vs. group 2) were independent risk factors for overall morbidity, pneumothorax, and chest drain requirement. Distribution of lung metastases (unilateral vs. bilateral) was an independent risk factor for overall morbidity and pneumothorax, but not for chest drain requirement. CONCLUSIONS: There is a learning curve for percutaneous lung RFA. With accumulated experience in this procedure, a low morbidity rate can be achieved.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Systematic review on the efficacy of cytoreductive surgery combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal carcinoma.

PURPOSE: The efficacy of cytoreductive surgery combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal carcinoma remains to be established. METHODS: A systematic review of relevant studies before March 2006 was performed. Two reviewers independently appraised each study using a predetermined protocol. The quality of studies was assessed. Clinical effectiveness was synthesized through a narrative review with full tabulation of results of all included studies. RESULTS: Two randomized controlled trials, one comparative study, one multi-institutional registry study, and 10 most recent case-series studies were evaluated. The level of evidence was low in 13 of the 14 eligible studies. The median survival varied from 13 to 29 months, and 5-year survival rates ranged from 11% to 19%. Patients who received complete cytoreduction benefited most, with median survival varying from 28 to 60 months and 5-year survival ranging from 22% to 49%. The overall morbidity rate varied from 23% to 44%, and the mortality rate ranged from 0% to 12%. CONCLUSION: The current evidence suggests that cytoreductive surgery combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy is associated with an improved survival, as compared with systemic chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal carcinoma.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2006

Perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal surface malignancy.

The treatment of peritoneal surface malignancy mainly focuses on diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma, pseudomyxoma peritonei from appendiceal cancer, and peritoneal dissemination from gastrointestinal and ovarian cancers. Cancer progression causes peritoneal implants to be distributed throughout the abdominopelvic cavity. These nodules plus the ascitic fluid result in abdominal distension. As the disease progresses, these tumors cause intestinal obstruction leading to debilitating symptoms and a greatly impaired quality of life. In the past, the prognosis of patients with peritoneal surface malignancy was regarded dismal and cure was not an option. Recently, cytoreductive surgery combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy has shown an improved survival in selected patients with this disease. To date, multiple different treatment regimens of perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy have been used. This review focuses on the perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy currently in use in conjunction with cytoreductive surgery for the treatment of peritoneal surface malignancy at the Washington Cancer Institute.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Management of involved or close resection margins in 120 patients with colorectal liver metastases: edge cryotherapy can achieve long-term survival.

BACKGROUND: The liver resection margin is prognostically significant for patients with colorectal liver metastases. Management plans for patients with suboptimal resection margins have not been adequately addressed. This article reports the long-term results of edge cryotherapy in 120 patients with suboptimal resection margins. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected clinical data of 120 patients with suboptimal hepatic resection margins was performed. Morbidity, mortality, recurrence, and survival results were analyzed. RESULTS: The median length follow-up was 30 months (range 1 to 139). The median disease-free interval was 19 months (range 2 to 139). Cryosite, remaining liver, and extrahepatic recurrence rates were 10%, 36%, and 47%, respectively. The median survival was 39 months (range 1 to 139), and 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 89%, 55%, and 36%, respectively. Cryosite and extrahepatic recurrence were independently associated with a reduced survival outcome. COMMENTS: Edge cryotherapy to suboptimal liver resection margins can achieve a lower local recurrence rate and a longer survival advantage.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Applying Fong's CRS liver score in patients with colorectal liver metastases treated by cryotherapy.

BACKGROUND: A significant proportion of patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer have unresectable disease and we have used cytoablative treatment such as cryotherapy in some of these patients. We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent hepatic cryotherapy for colorectal metastases and studied the effect of the clinical risk score (CRS) reported by Fong et al, which can predict survival following liver resection. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on patients who underwent hepatic cryotherapy between 1990 and 2000 in St George Hospital. There were 61 patients in this study and they were stratified into prognostic groups based on five preoperative CRS parameters: primary node positive, disease-free interval from primary to metastases < 12 months, number of hepatic tumours > 1, largest hepatic tumour > 5 cm and carcinoembryonic antigen level > 200 ng/mL. The median follow-up was 25 months. RESULTS: The median survival was 26 months and the 3-year survival rate was 37%. Median survivals for patients with CRS scores 1 (13%), 2 (25%), 3 (53%), 4 (6%) and 5 (4%) were 37, 25, 30, 21 and 15 months, respectively (R2 = 0.81). CONCLUSION: The CRS score can be used to predict outcome of hepatic cryotherapy, but the difference in survival between CRS 2, 3 and 4 is modest.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed2006

Recurrence after complete cryoablation of colorectal liver metastases: analysis of prognostic features.

This study critically evaluated the prognostic determinants for disease-free survival (DFS) after cryoablation for colorectal liver metastases. An observational cohort study of prospectively collected data on 135 patients who underwent cryoablation with or without resection for colorectal liver metastases was performed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the prognostic factors for overall DFS, cryosite DFS, remaining liver DFS, and extrahepatic DFS. Overall, 115 patients (85%) developed recurrence at the cryosite (44%), and the remaining patients developed recurrence at the liver (62%) and extrahepatic site (71%). In univariate analysis, preoperative and postoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were significant for overall DFS. Distribution of metastases, operation type, total number of metastases, number of cryotreated metastases, largest size of cryotreated metastasis, and postoperative CEA were significant for cryosite DFS. The number of cryotreated metastases and postoperative CEA were significant for remaining liver DFS. The largest size of cryotreated metastasis, and preoperative and postoperative CEA were significant for extrahepatic DFS. In multivariate analysis, resection plus cryoablation, < or =7 liver metastases and < or =3 cm cryotreated metastasis were independently associated with an improved cryosite DFS. Preoperative CEA of < or =5 ng/mL was independently associated with an improved overall and extrahepatic DFS. The role of CEA in colorectal metastasis is important. Resection plus cryoablation rather than cryoablation alone should be used for larger lesions.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed2005

Longterm results and prognostic indicators after cryotherapy and hepatic arterial chemotherapy with or without resection for colorectal liver metastases in 224 patients: longterm survival can be achieved in patients with multiple bilateral liver metastases.

BACKGROUND: Only a minority of patients are suitable for liver resection for colorectal liver metastases. Cryotherapy was the first widely used ablative technique, achieving a median survival of more than 2 years. Patient selection is important, but the prognostic criteria have been controversial. The combined treatment modality of cryotherapy, resection, and hepatic arterial chemotherapy has been used in treating unresectable liver disease. Many centers would not surgically treat patients with multiple (five or more lesions) bilateral liver metastases. This series reports on longterm results after cryotherapy and hepatic arterial chemotherapy with or without liver resection in 224 patients with colorectal liver metastases, especially in patients with multiple bilateral liver disease, and identifies important prognostic determinants for survival. STUDY DESIGN: A longterm retrospective analysis was performed of prospectively collected clinical data of 224 patients with colorectal liver metastases who received cryotherapy and hepatic arterial chemotherapy with or without resection. Morbidity, mortality, recurrence, and survival rates were reported and Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis were used to identify prognostic indicators. RESULTS: Median length of followup was 26 months (range 1 to 130 months). Perioperative mortality rate was 0.4% and morbidity rate was 21%. Cryosite, remaining liver, and extrahepatic recurrence rates were 39%, 62%, and 67%, respectively. Median survival was 31 months (range 1 to 130 months) with 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of 87%, 43%, and 23%, respectively. Ninety-one patients had five or more bilateral lesions. Median and 5-year survival was 31 months (2 to 88 months) and 26%, respectively. Four factors were independently associated with favorable survival outcomes: cryotherapy with resection, complete tumor eradication, low pre- and postoperative CEA levels. CONCLUSIONS: Cryotherapy and hepatic arterial chemotherapy with or without resection can achieve long survival advantage in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Abdominal computed tomography scans in the selection of patients with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma for comprehensive treatment with cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare and fatal disease. Until recently, the treatment options were very limited and ineffective. The new comprehensive approach of cytoreductive surgery with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy offers improved survival rates at a cost of considerable morbidity and mortality as in other peritoneal surface malignancies. The outcome after these treatments is predominantly dependent on adequate cytoreduction. The aim of the current study was to identify computed tomography (CT) scan images that are useful in patient selection for this comprehensive approach. METHODS: An analysis of the preoperative CT scans of 30 patients with peritoneal mesothelioma treated with cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy at a single institution was performed. Based on the size of residual tumor nodules after cytoreductive surgery, patients were divided into 2 groups: those with residual lesions 2.5 cm (suboptimal cytoreduction). The CT scans for each patient were evaluated by a standardized scoring system with the reader blinded to the operative findings. Thirty-nine CT scan parameters were obtained and statistically analyzed to determine their association with the study outcome variables, namely, adequacy of cytoreduction. RESULTS: Seven patients (64%) in the suboptimal cytoreduction group and 2 patients (11%) in the adequate cytoreduction group had a >5-cm tumor mass in the epigastric region (P=0.004). Nine patients (82%) in the suboptimal group and 2 patients (11%) in the adequate cytoreduction group had CT scans that showed loss of normal architecture of the small bowel and its mesentery (P<0.001). In a composite analysis of these 2 radiologic features, none of the patients with a >5-cm tumor mass in the epigastric region and loss of normal architecture of the small bowel and its mesentery had an adequate cytoreduction. Patients who lacked these two preoperative CT scan findings had a 94% probability of an adequate cytoreduction. CONCLUSIONS: CT scans effectively identified large peritoneal mesothelioma tumors at crucial anatomic sites. Because adequate cytoreduction is necessary to achieve prolonged survival, CT scans became an accurate prognostic radiologic test for patient selection for comprehensive treatment.

Adult↗