Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Ts Boshnakova.
In this work the authors reviewed the literature on multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPMN). This termin includes two or more tumours with different histologic appearance developing in different organs and giving metastases. The authors present 4 case reports of MPMN payng particular attention on the importance of the correct diagnosis of the tumours for the treatment of the patients.
The authors present literature data on the problem of vascular tumours of the spleen and describe clinically and morphologically primary epitheloid hemangioendothelioma. They paid attention on detailed characteristic of the tumours and differential diagnosis of with vascular neoplasms of the spleen.
Mucinous breast carcinomas, denominated also gelatinous, mucoid and colloid (collomas), represent a heterogeneous group of neoplasms. More than half of them exhibit signs of neuroendocrine differentiation. Eighteen mucus producing carcinomas of the breast are subjected to morphological study. On the ground of demonstrating argyrophilia by the methods of Grimelius and Churukian--Shenk, and presence of secreting granules during electron microscopic study, they are assigned under the heading apudomas, i.e. tumors of the diffuse endocrine system, or the so-called APUD-system. The important practical implications of demonstrating neuroendocrine cells with a special reference to the biological patterns of this particular type of tumors are discussed.
The study covers 108 patients with stomach resection (Billroth II), performed over a period of six years (1988-1993). Endoscopic and biopsy findings are described. Carcinoma of the gastric stump is established in 16 cases (14.8 per cent), high degree epithelial dysplasia-in six (5.5 per cent), and signs of acute or chronic anastomositis, superficial of atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, lipid islands and single hyperplastic polypoid lesions are present in all cases. Dysplasia III degree and carcinoma in the gastrojejunal junction are observed in the older age group with 10-15 years postoperative follow-up study. Patients with stomach resection should undergo check-ups and multiple biopsies at 3-5 years intervals, especially those with high-degree epithelial dysplasia.
The authors examined the liver of 20 rabbits "Newzeland white" and "Chinchila", undergone atherogenic diet with cholesterol (0.3-0.5 g/kg body weight) for 30 and 60 days. They determined cholesterol, lipids, triglicerides and beta-lipoproteins in the serum. The morphologic study revealed accumulation of cholesterol in the hepatocytes, fibrosis, proliferation of the bile ducts and signs of hepatic cirrhosis.
The authors studied light- and electronmicroscopically the lungs of 20 rats after experimental burns in closed space. Twenty one histological parameters were evaluated. Two mechanisms of quickly developed fatal outcome were established--asphyxia and acute injury of shock lung. Electronmicroscopically there was an increased secretion of surface active materials and degenerative changes in the alveolar epithelium and capillary endothelium. Carbon particles found in the upper respiratory tract were considered as signs of vitality.
The authors investigated histologically and immunohistochemically 60 cases with diabetes mellitus type 2. By means of the morphometric method of Weibel et al. (1969) they established diminished volume density of the insular tissue in total pancreas. The morphologic and morphometric data revealed evidence that diabetes mellitus most probably presented a heterogeneous group of pancreatic lesions manifested by disturbances of carbohydrate homeostasis.
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The authors describe two cases with primary systemic amyloidosis advancing with the picture of progressing cardiac insufficiency, clinically not distinguished. Electron microscopic study of myocardium was performed. The ultrastructural data indicate that the most likely source for synthesis of amyloid in myocardium, in primary systemic amyloidosis, are the active fibroblasts, established in interstitium.
An analysis of data of electron microscopic investigations of liver preparations within the terms of from 7 to 425 days after resection of the liver in which the liver wound was covered by the antimicrobial polycaproamid gauze made in Bulgaria has shown that the polymer material does not cause alterations in the liver structure and cell organelles of hepatocytes not preventing regeneration of the liver.
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The investigation of alkaline phosphatase activity on 80 rabbits with an experimental model of liver wound showed the following results: 1. Alkaline phosphatase in blood serum was elevated considerably during the first postoperative days, but after the fifth day was close to the normal ranges. 2. Tissue alkaline phospatase sharply fell up to the third day. Its values began to raise after the 20th day and reached the normal level in the end of the experimental period (30th day). 3. Histochemical studies of liver wound showed a positive reaction for alkaline phosphatase in the cells of the inflammatory infiltrate during the first days. Increased phosphatase activity was demonstrated in fiber structures, epithelium of bile canals and capillary endothelium. The dynamics of alkaline phosphatase activity in blood serum is a reflection of the delicate biochemical and histochemical changes in the liver wound. The follow-up of serum alkaline phosphatase together with the clinical course of healing could be an useful index for evaluation of diet and working capacity of the patient.