Biomedical subjects

Tsutomu Numata

Publications and source records attributed to Tsutomu Numata.

16 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Protein expression profiling identifies maspin and stathmin as potential biomarkers of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the salivary glands. It tends to grow slowly but is associated with a poor prognosis compared to other malignant salivary gland tumors. To identify specific markers of ACC, we examined protein expression profiling in ACC xenograft and normal salivary glands (NSG) using fluorescent 2-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2-D-DIGE), an emerging technique for comparative proteomics, that improves the reproducibility and reliability of differential protein expression analysis between the samples. To identify the proteins, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight peptide mass fingerprinting was carried out. Using these strategies, we detected 4 upregulated proteins and 5 downregulated proteins in ACC xenograft. Maspin and stathmin were selected for further analyses. Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining showed a higher expression of these proteins in ACC xenograft and clinical ACC tissue compared to NSG. Furthermore, Expression of these proteins was correlated with the histologic grading of ACC (n = 10). Therefore, our data indicate that maspin and stathmin may be not only useful biomarkers of ACC but also markers of biologic behavior in this tumor.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

WISP-2 expression in human salivary gland tumors.

This study was designed to disclose detailed genetic mechanisms in salivary gland tumors (SGTs) for development of novel independent marker. We constructed an in-house cDNA microarray carrying 2,201 cDNA clones derived from SGT and oral squamous cell carcinoma cDNA libraries. Four cell lines that originated from the SGT-derived cell lines were analyzed using this microarray system. The genes identified by our microarray system were further analyzed at the mRNA or protein expression level in other types of human cancer cell lines and clinical samples (ten normal salivary glands [NSGs], eleven pleomorphic adenomas, ten adenoid cystic carcinomas and three adenocarcinomas). Two up-regulated genes and six down-regulated genes were identified in common when compared with the control RNA. Of the up-regulated genes, WISP-2, which plays an important role in breast carcinogenesis, was selected for further analyses. We found a higher expression of the WISP-2 gene in the SGT-derived cell lines compared with other types of human cancer cell lines. Furthermore, WISP-2 mRNA and protein expression levels in NSGs were significantly higher than those in SGTs. These results suggest that WISP-2 could be a reliable independent marker and that down-regulation or loss of the WISP-2 gene may be associated with the development of SGTs.

CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins↗

PubMed2005

Thyroid cancer with massive invasion into the neck and mediastinal great veins.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma with massive invasion into the great veins of the neck and mediastinum has rarely been reported and is thought to have a poor prognosis. Here we report successful management of a case of papillary thyroid carcinoma with extensive invasion into the left internal jugular vein, left brachiocephalic vein, and superior vena cava, followed by reconstruction of the superior vena cava using an artificial graft. The operation was conducted to prevent sudden death due to complete obstruction of venous flow, improve the patient's quality of life, and prolong survival. The patient has survived for more than two years after surgery, with good general condition.

Brachiocephalic Veins↗

PubMed2005

Identification of candidate genes associated with salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas using combined comparative genomic hybridization and oligonucleotide microarray analyses.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the salivary gland often has a variable clinical course with a poor prognosis. To investigate DNA copy number aberrations associated with ACCs, we compared comparative genome hybridization data from ACCs (n = 6) with other types of salivary gland tumors such as adenocarcinomas (n = 3) and pleomorphic adenomas (n = 6). While 15 gain loci (1q32, 6p25, 6q21-q24, 7q11.2, 7q31, 10q11.2, 11p12-q12, 12q13, 12q14, 13q24, 16p13.3-13.2, 18p11.3, 18q23, 19q13.4, and Xq28) were detected, no DNA loss locus was evident. To examine the expression status of genes on the ACC-associated loci, transcriptional measurements of approximately 38000 human genes then were monitored using Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 GeneChips. A total of 4431 genes were found differentially expressed by at least two-fold between ACCs and normal salivary glands. Of them, 3162 genes were up-regulated and 1269 genes were down-regulated in ACCs. After obtaining locus information about the RNA transcripts from the Affymetrix database, we found 262 ACC-associated genes with increased expression on ACC-associated loci. To investigate functional network and gene ontology, the 262 genes were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis Tool. The function with the highest P value was a cancer-related function (P = 2.52e-4 to 4.71e-2). In addition, we identified pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 and transformation related protein 63 genes that were up-regulated by increasing DNA copy number and modulated expression of oncogenes. These results suggested that the combination of copy number and gene expression profiling provides an improved strategy for gene identification in salivary gland ACCs.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2004

Positional nystagmus showing neutral points.

We encountered patients who had their static direction-changing positional nystagmus canceled at about 20-30 degrees yaw head rotation from the supine position. This nystagmus was also canceled when the head was rotated 180 degrees from this position. We call these head positions neutral points. At the neutral points, the cupula of the horizontal semicircular canal of the affected ear is positioned vertical to the gravitational plane and no deflection of the cupula occurs. The positional nystagmus observed (except the neutral points) was thought to occur due to a "heavy cupula" or "light cupula", which may be determined by the specific gravity of its endolymph.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Malignant mixed tumor].

The term "malignant mixed tumor" is usually synonymous with "carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma," a secondary carcinoma developing in pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma. However, it sometimes indicates a group of tumors consisting of carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma, carcinosarcoma (true malignant mixed tumor) and metastasizing benign mixed tumor, the latter 2 being the most infrequent. According to the data of the Japanese committee on TNM classification for salivary gland carcinomas, carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma accounted for about 10% of all salivary gland carcinomas, both in the parotid and submandibular glands. The main type of carcinomas arising in pleomorphic adenoma were undifferentiated carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Crude 5- and 10-year survival rates were 54.7% and 42.7%, respectively. Invasive carcinomas and carcinomas of high grade malignancy carried worse prognoses. The treatment of choice for carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma has consisted of en-bloc excision with wide margin. Invasive growth, facial nerve involvement, lymph node metastasis or high-grade malignant tumor are grounds for postoperative radiation therapy. The role of chemotherapy has not yet been well established.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗

PubMed2003

Usefulness of diagnostic imaging in primary hyperparathyroidism.

BACKGROUND: In patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, prevention of urinary stone recurrence can be achieved by surgical removal of the enlarged parathyroid gland. To ensure the efficacy of surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism, preoperative localization of the enlarged gland is important. In the present study, usefulness of diagnostic imaging for localization of the enlarged gland was investigated in primary hyperparathyroidism. METHODS: We retrospectively examined the findings of imaging studies and clinical records in 79 patients (97 glands) who underwent surgical treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism at Chiba University Hospital between 1976 and 2000. The detection rates of accurate localization were investigated for imaging techniques, such as ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), thallium-201 and technetium-99m pertechnetate (Tl-Tc) subtraction scintigraphy and 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) scintigraphy, and analysed in relation to the size and weight of the gland and pathological diagnosis. RESULTS: The detection rates by US, CT, MRI, Tl-Tc subtraction scintigraphy and MIBI scintigraphy were 70%, 67%, 73%, 38% and 78%, respectively. The overall detection rate changed from 50% to 88% before and after 1987. The detection rate of MIBI scintigraphy was superior to Tl-Tc subtraction scintigraphy. CONCLUSION: In primary hyperparathyroidism, improvement of accurate localization of an enlarged parathyroid gland was demonstrated along with recent advances in imaging techniques including MIBI scintigraphy.

Adenoma↗

PubMed2003

Combined effects of nitrous oxide and propofol on the dynamic cerebrovascular response to step changes in end-tidal PCO2 in humans.

BACKGROUND: Nitrous oxide (N2O) and propofol exhibit directionally opposite effects on the cerebral circulation, vasodilation and vasoconstriction, respectively. The authors investigated an interaction between the two anesthetic agents on the dynamic cerebrovascular response to step changes in end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide (PetCO2) in humans. METHODS: Participants with no systemic diseases were allocated into two groups, each of which was anesthetized sequentially with two protocols. Patients in group 1 were anesthetized with 30% O2 + 70% N2O. A continuous intravenous infusion of propofol (7-10 mg x kg(-1) x h(-1)) was then added to the N2O. Patients in group 2 were anesthetized first with continuous infusion of propofol (10 mg x kg(-1) h(-1)), and then 30% O2 + 70% N2O was added to the propofol anesthesia. Using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, blood flow velocity at the middle cerebral artery (FV(MCA)) was measured during a step increase (on-response) followed by a step decrease (off-response) in PetCO2, with PetCO2 ranging between approximately 28 and 50 mmHg. The dynamic FV(MCA)-PetCO2 relationship was analyzed using a mathematical model that was characterized with a pure time delay, and a time constant and a gain each for the on- or off-response. RESULTS: The addition of propofol to the N2O anesthesia increased the on-response time constant (P < 0.01), whereas the addition of N2O to the propofol anesthesia increased the time constants for on- (P < 0.01) and off-responses (P < 0.05). However, the addition of either anesthetic did not affect the gains. CONCLUSIONS: Propofol and N2O, when one is added to the other, produce similar dynamic FV(MCA) responses to sudden changes in PetCO2. Addition of each anesthetic slows the dynamic response and produces the response whose magnitude is proportional to the baseline FV(MCA).

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

State of mastication affects quality of life in patients with maxillary sinus cancer.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The quality of life of head and neck cancer patients after treatment is poor compared with a typical population sample. However, little is known about patients with maxillary sinus cancer. The identification of symptoms that are most troublesome for these patients and the development of strategies to minimize these negative sequelae should be matters of high priority. STUDY DESIGN: A restrospective study of patients with maxillary sinus cancer who underwent maxillary bone resection. METHODS: Thirty patients with maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma participated in the study. The relationships among the degree of masticatory ability, the extent of the surgically resected area, and quality of life after combined treatment of maxillary cancer were evaluated. RESULTS: Scores of all physical and mental factors as assessed by the Short Form-36 questionnaire decreased as the masticatory ability of patients worsened. In edentulous cases, the masticatory ability was higher in the reduced operation group than in the extensive operation group. CONCLUSION: Maintaining adaptability to a denture is essential to preserve quality of life, particularly in patients with anodontia.

Affect↗

PubMed2003

Ipsilateral full-thickness forearm skin graft for covering the radial forearm flap donor site.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The technique of the ipsilateral full-thickness forearm skin graft for covering the defect of radial forearm free flap (RFFF) improves aesthetic impairment at the recipient and donor sites by split-thickness skin graft repair and omits the need to make an extraoperative site for harvesting the skin graft. However, in this technique, the RFFF is limited in size. In the present study, we considered a model of the forearm and calculated the possible size of the RFFF for using this technique. METHODS: The calculation was conducted under assumptions that the isosceles-triangle skin graft is elevated as its height is twice the RFFF length in the direction of the forearm axis and that the forearm skin defect can be primarily closed with a width shorter than one-fourth of the wrist circumference. The calculation revealed that this technique is feasible when the RFFF width, that is, the length vertical to the forearm axis, is shorter than half of the wrist circumference. We repaired the RFFF defect using this technique in 15 patients with head and neck cancer in whom the RFFF size conformed to the above-mentioned condition. RESULTS: When the RFFF width was shorter than half of the wrist circumference and the isosceles-triangle skin graft was elevated as its height was twice the RFFF length, the RFFF defect could be repaired using this technique in all 15 patients. CONCLUSION: The above-mentioned condition (that the RFFF width is shorter than half of the wrist circumference) is useful for determining whether or not the technique of ipsilateral full-thickness forearm skin graft can be used for covering the RFFF defect.

Esthetics↗

PubMed2003

Analysis of natural history of Japanese cedar pollinosis.

BACKGROUND: The marked increase in the incidence of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica; JC) pollinosis is a social problem in Japan. Elucidation of its natural history is, therefore, essential. METHODS: Cross-sectional and vertical-sectional studies were performed regarding the effects of aging on sensitization to Japanese cedar pollen (JCP) and development of JC pollinosis by measuring serum IgE titers to JCP and by oral examination of residents of the Maruyama Town, Chiba, Japan from 1995 to 2001. We also studied the incidence of its spontaneous remission and the background factors. RESULTS: In a vertical-sectional study, the serum IgE titer to JCP was strongly influenced by the amounts of pollen scattered. An increase in age by 6 years did not reduce the IgE titer to JCP in subjects in their 40s. However, in subjects aged 60 or more, annual differences in the JCP count did not affect serum IgE titer to JCP, which remained low even after a season with a high pollen count. In subjects with JC pollinosis aged over 40 showing a CAP RAST score of more than 2 to JCP in 1995, spontaneous remission of JC pollinosis was observed in 16.1% over a period of 6 years. Factors affecting spontaneous remission include sex, age at the time, serum IgE titer to JCP and age at first onset of JC pollinosis. CONCLUSIONS: The CAP RAST score was strongly associated with spontaneous remission in the multivariable model.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Interleukin-13 induces thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (CCL17) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

BACKGROUND: In allergic inflammation involving allergic rhinitis, the predominance of Th(2) lymphocytes is one of the primary causal agents in promotion of the allergic condition. Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) is a recently identified chemokine that induces the development of Th(2) lymphocytes. One of the sources of TARC has been reported to be peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). OBJECTIVE: We investigated TARC production from PBMCs by the stimulation of specific antigens and Th(2) type cytokines. METHOD: PBMCs were isolated from both allergic rhinitis patients and healthy volunteers. PBMCs were incubated with cytokine. TARC mRNA expression was examined by real time PCR methods and the amount of TARC production was examined by ELISA. RESULTS: IL-13 was found to be the most potent inducer for TARC mRNA expression and protein production in PBMCs. Furthermore, tumour necrosis factor alpha and IL-13 synergistically induce TARC. The amount of TARC from allergic rhinitis patients was significantly larger than that from healthy volunteers. Moreover, TARC was induced by a specific antigen, and was 35% inhibited by an anti-IL-13 neutralizing antibody. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that IL-13 is important in TARC mediated Th(2) lymphocytes infiltration in the nasal mucosa.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

The effect of Japanese cedar-specific immunotherapy on cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

The most common cause of seasonal allergic rhinitis in Japan is the Japanese cedar (JC). Recently, a pullulan-conjugated antigen (CS-560) has been developed to reduce adverse effects and to enhance the effect of JC-specific immunotherapy (IT). If the mechanism of IT can be fully elucidated and the treatment can be used safely and with specificity, IT should be reconsidered as a superior treatment for JC pollinosis. Thirteen patients with JC pollinosis who received IT were compared to 10 patients who did not receive IT. All patients were followed through two pollen seasons by means of allergy diaries. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected before IT and just before each pollen season, and these were stimulated with pollen extract. The concentrations of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IFN-gamma in the culture supernatants were determined using an ELISA. Furthermore, messenger (m)RNA expressions of IL-4 and IL-5 from cultured PBMC were also studied. As a result of the allergy diaries, we confirmed the clinical efficacy of CS-560. The symptom-medication scores were significantly decreased by IT. The levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 declined only in the IT group. However, the level of IFN-gamma did not change in either group. IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA expressions were inhibited in the IT group compared to that in the non-IT group. In conclusion, specific IT for JC pollinosis using CS-560 clearly modified cytokine expression by PBMC.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Usefulness of color Doppler sonography for assessing hemodynamics of free flaps for head and neck reconstruction.

This report focuses on the monitoring of intraoperative and postoperative hemodynamics of free flaps for repair of head and neck defects by color Doppler sonography (CDS). The study group included 20 patients with head and neck cancer who underwent resection and reconstruction with free flaps. The hemodynamics in the feeding arteries of the flaps were measured during the following six stages: before surgery, immediately after microvascular anastomosis, and on postoperative days 1, 3, 5, and 7. The pulsatility index (PI) was used as the index for measuring changes in hemodynamics over time. Grafts showed the maximal PI immediately after vascular anastomosis. PI decreased over 3 to 7 days. Of the 20 patients, 1 patient in whom the hypopharynx was reconstructed with the radial forearm flap developed venous occlusion. This was diagnosed during the early stage using CDS, allowing the flap to be saved. CDS proved to be very useful for real-time observation of the hemodynamics in free flaps.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Hemodynamic changes of the hand after radial forearm flap harvesting.

After radial forearm flap harvesting, there is some risk for hand circulatory disorders. To reveal the changes in circulatory dynamics in the hand after harvesting this flap, the authors compared blood pressure and flow by color Doppler ultrasonography in the donor and nondonor hands, and evaluated the long-term changes in these factors in 40 patients undergoing this operation. Blood pressure and flow of the index finger in the donor hands were lower than those in the nondonor hands during the first 2 months postoperatively, but they virtually returned to the level of those in the nondonor hands within 1 year of the operation. These results suggest that after harvesting the radial artery, collateral circulation in the hand developed during a short postoperative period. Therefore, the authors can predict the long-term safety of forearm flap harvesting by evaluating the hemodynamic changes of the digits caused by acute occlusion of the radial artery preoperatively, which would reflect the hemodynamics at an early postoperative stage.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Preoperative radiation therapy for carcinoma of the oropharynx: prognostic factors for locoregional control and survival.

BACKGROUND: To assess the role of preoperative irradiation and surgery in patients with oropharyneal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-five patients were treated with radiotherapy alone or followed by surgery. The stage distribution was stage II in 15 patients, stage III in 16 patients, stage IVA in 38 patients and stage IVB in 6 patients. RESULTS: Thirty-five patients were treated with radiotherapy alone and the remaining 40 underwent definitive surgery after radiation therapy. In the multivariate analysis, both good Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) and complete response (CR) after radiation therapy had positive impact on locoregional control and survival. Overall survival at 5 years was 65% and 20% for KPS > or = 90% and KPS < 90%, respectively (p < 0.0001). Corresponding values for CR and non-CR were 80% and 35%, respectively (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The results indicated that the KPS and complete response after radiation therapy were very sensitive surrogates for locoregional control and survival for cancer of the oropharynx.

Adult↗