Biomedical subjects

Tsuyoshi Murakami

Publications and source records attributed to Tsuyoshi Murakami.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Reliability of using reagent test strips to estimate blood urea nitrogen concentration in dogs and cats.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical accuracy of reagent test strips used to estimate BUN concentration in dogs and cats. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 116 dogs and 58 cats. PROCEDURE: Blood samples were collected at the time of admission to the hospital. Estimates of BUN concentration obtained with reagent test strips (category 1 [5 to 15 mg/dL], 2 (15 to 26 mg/dL], 3 [30 to 40 mg/dL], or 4 [50 to 80 mg/dL]) were compared with SUN concentrations measured with an automated analyzer. For dogs, category 1 and 2 test strip results were considered a negative result (nonazotemic) and category 3 and 4 test strip results were considered a positive result (azotemic). For cats, category 1, 2, and 3 test strip results were considered a negative result (nonazotemic) and category 4 test strip results were considered a positive result (azotemic). RESULTS: On the basis of SUN concentration, 40 of the 174 (23%) animals (20 dogs and 20 cats) were classified as azotemic. One dog and 2 cats had false-negative test strip results, and 1 dog had a false-positive result. Sensitivity and specificity were 95% (20/21) and 99% (94/95), respectively, for dogs and 87% (13/15) and 100% (43/43), respectively, for cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that reagent test strips are a reliable method for rapidly estimating BUN concentrations in dogs and cats. Because test strip results are only semiquantitative and there remains a potential for misclassification, especially in cats, urea nitrogen concentration should ultimately be verified by means of standard chemistry techniques.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[A study on insertion of a nasogastric tube in intubated patients].

BACKGROUND: Insertion of a nasogastric tube in anesthetized and intubated patients is sometimes difficult. We studied the movement of a gastric tube in order to find a way for successful insertion of a nasogastric tube. METHODS: We used the method of Ozer's; bronchofiber examination of nasogastric tube placement in an anethetized patient, with changing heights of a pillow [0 cm, 5 cm, 10 cm], rotating head [45 degree each side] and jaw lifting. RESULTS: The height of the pillow is an important factor regardless of other maneuvers. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that using a 5 cm height pillow was a best way to insert a nasogastric tube, but ipsilateral head rotation did not contribute to the procedure.

Anesthesia, General↗

PubMed2004

[A case of latex allergy induced by indwelt Foley catheter].

A 7-year-old boy with microtia was scheduled for otoplasty under general anesthesia. A Foley catheter was indwelt very gently following tracheal intubation but his foreskin showed remarkable edema about 15 minutes later. All vital signs were normal. His lungs were ventilated easily and no rash or edema was found except for penis. Operation was completed uneventfully as planned. He recovered from anesthesia smoothly but foreskin edema still remained. Allergic reaction was suspected and scratch test was performed to determine the allergen on the next day. Positive reaction to Foley catheter extracts and high serum latex-specific IgE antibody level proved that latex containing Foley catheter had caused foreskin edema. All anesthesiologists should pay attention to latex allergy and interview all patients in detail in preanesthetic evaluation.

Anesthesia, General↗

PubMed2003

Electrolytic synthesis of ammonia in molten salts under atmospheric pressure.

Ammonia was successfully synthesized by using a new electrochemical reaction with high current efficiency at atmospheric pressure and at lower temperatures than the Haber-Bosch process. In this method, nitride ion (N3-), which is produced by the reduction from nitrogen gas at the cathode, is anodically oxidized and reacts with hydrogen to produce ammonia at the anode.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

Separate assessment of intestinal and hepatic first-pass effects using a rat model with double cannulation of the portal and jugular veins.

To separately assess intestinal and hepatic first-pass effects with absorption ratio data, we have established an experimental model of rats double-cannulated into the portal and jugular veins. The model allows us to take blood samples simultaneously from conscious rats that have recovered from surgical damage. Double cannulation did not alter the physiological and hematological conditions. Moreover, the plasma concentration profiles of unchanged drug following oral and intravenous administration in the double-cannulated rats were not different from those of rats single-cannulated into the jugular vein. These results suggest that the model can be useful for separately assessing intestinal and hepatic first-pass effects. We evaluated the first-pass effects in the intestine and the liver separately using this model. S-1452, as a model drug with 94% absorption ratio, was administered intravenously and orally to the double-cannulated rats, and the drug concentrations in the portal and systemic plasma were determined, and the rates of elimination from the intestine and liver were estimated. In the first pass, approximately 26% and 56% of the dose were extracted by the intestine and liver, respectively. This method, in which the animal is not restricted nor under anesthesia, allows us to obtain reliable values of individual first pass effects in the intestine and liver. This method can also be an effective tool for assessing the site and extent of drug-drug interaction on the first-pass effects.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

[False decrease in pulse oximetry readings due to patent blue in a patient with breast cancer].

A 61-year-old woman with breast cancer was scheduled for breast preserving therapy under general anesthesia. After the tracheal intubation, 4 ml of 2% patent blue was injected into the skin to determine sentinel lymph node. Thirty seconds after injection, the pulse oximetry reading (SpO2) decreased from 100% to 60% and recovered to 90% over the next 5 minutes. At the time when SpO2 was 88%, arterial blood gas analysis showed PaO2 184.4 mmHg (FIO2 0.45) and all other vital signs were normal. About 120 minutes later, SpO2 rose to 99%. The operation was completed uneventfully and the patient recovered from anesthesia smoothly. After extubation, arterial blood gas analysis was performed again and it showed PaO2 of 82.5 mmHg (FIO2 0.21). We conclude that patent blue injection caused this decrease in SpO2 and recommend to evaluate the oxygen status not only by pulse oximetry but also by blood gas analysis when patent blue is used.

Anesthesia, General↗