Biomedical subjects

Turgut Karlidağ

Publications and source records attributed to Turgut Karlidağ.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Ear symptoms accompanying temporomandibular joint diseases].

OBJECTIVES: We investigated symptoms of otologic diseases in patients with temporomandibular joint diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 44 patients (26 females, 18 males; mean age 36+/-10.7 years; range 21 to 58 years) with temporomandibular joint disease. A questionnaire was administered to the patients to inquire into otological symptoms accompanying temporomandibular joint disease. RESULTS: Temporomandibular joint disease was bilateral in 11 patients. Accompanying otological symptoms were as follows: click voice with jaw movements (n=21; 47.7%), headache (n=15; 34.1%), pain in the ear with jaw movements (n=14; 31.8%), tinnitus (n=8; 18.2%), fullness in the ear (n=6; 13.6%), vertigo or dizziness (n=6; 13.6%), and hearing loss (n=3; 6.8%). Pure-tone audiometry revealed sensorineural hearing loss in one patient, being 28 dB on the right and 30 dB on the left. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that otologic symptoms may accompany temporomandibular joint diseases, requiring that patients presenting with otologic symptoms must be investigated for temporomandibular joint diseases.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Roles of free radicals, nitric oxide, and scavenging enzymes in nasal polyp development.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO), free oxygen radicals, and scavenging enzymes in the development of nasal polyp (NP) disease. This study included 41 patients who underwent endoscopic surgery because of NPs. Control specimens were taken from the inferior turbinate of 32 patients who underwent septoplasty. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), NO, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in intraoperative specimens of polyp tissue and turbinate mucosa. The levels of tissue NO were 191.06 +/- 26.62 micromol/mg of protein in patients with NPs and 145.30 +/- 19.19 micromol/mg of protein (p < .001) in the control group. The levels of MDA in the study and control groups were 12.47 +/- 2.12 nmol/mg and 8.83 +/- 1.08 nmol/mg (p < .01), respectively. The levels of SOD in the study and control groups were 50.77 +/- 14.74 U/mg and 77.93 +/- 15.31 U/mg (p < .001), respectively. It was determined that the levels of MDA in plasma and erythrocytes were higher in the patients with NPs than in the control group (p < .05). The levels of NO in plasma and erythrocytes in both groups were similar. The levels of SOD in plasma and erythrocytes were lower in patients with NPs than in the control group (p > .05). Increases in the levels of tissue MDA and NO and decreases in scavenging enzymes in patients with NPs as compared to control groups may indicate the presence of free radical damage in patients with nasal NPs. New studies are needed to clarify the efficacy of using antioxidants in the treatment of NPs.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Hearing in workers exposed to low-dose radiation for a long period.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in hearing thresholds with standard and high frequency audiometry in workers exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation for a long period. A total of 57 (49 male and 8 female) technical staff working in radiology-related jobs who were exposed to occupational radiation were included in the study. The control group consisted of 32 (27 male and 5 female) volunteer subjects with normal hearing. The symptoms like tinnitus, vertigo, weakness and lack of appetite were evaluated. A standard ascending/descending method was applied to the subjects of the study and the control groups in order to determine their hearing thresholds at eleven different frequencies between 250 and 16,000 Hz. In the study group, the working duration of subjects ranged from 4 to 23 years, and the percentage of tinnitus, weakness, vertigo and lack of appetite were 47%, 28%, 24% and 17%, respectively. It was observed that pure tone hearing thresholds were markedly increased for 4,000, 6,000, 8,000, 14,000 and 16,000 Hz frequencies in the study group compared to the control group (p<0.01). Levels of static compliance and middle ear pressures of the study group were similar to the control group. Tinnitus, vertigo and hearing loss in high frequencies were observed in the subjects exposed to the radiation for a long period. Subjects under high risk should be evaluated periodically. We suggest that the use of standard and high frequency audiometry together could be beneficial in the evaluation of these subjects.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗

PubMed2004

Effects of interferon-alpha2b on hearing.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of interferon-alpha2b treatment on hearing in patients with chronic active hepatitis B. Twenty-six patients with chronic active hepatitis B were enrolled in the study, and pure-tone audiometry was performed to determine hearing thresholds of the patients before and at the end of 6 months of interferon-alpha2b treatment. There was no significant change in hearing thresholds of patients after treatment with interferon-alpha2b (p>0.05). The results of the present study indicate that interferon-alpha2b therapy does not have any negative effect on hearing thresholds of patients with chronic active hepatitis B. There is a need for further studies involving larger numbers of patients to allow conclusions to be drawn regarding the safety of this therapy with respect to hearing.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Comparison of free radicals and antioxidant enzymes in chronic otitis media with and without tympanosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: The pathogenesis of tympanosclerosis is unclear. The study was performed to investigate the role of nitric oxide, free oxygen radicals, and antioxidants in development of tympanosclerosis in patients with chronic otitis media. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study in patients with nasal polyps. METHODS: Sixty-five patients who underwent tympanoplasty or tympanoplasty together with mastoidectomy were included in the study. Preoperative venous blood samples were drawn, and serum sodium, potassium, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, inorganic phosphorus, parathormone, and calcitonin levels were measured. The patients who had tympanosclerotic plaques on tympanic membrane or middle ear mucosa or near the ossicular chain or mastoid bone were designated as group 1 (n = 34), and the remaining patients as group 2 (n = 31). Intraoperatively, specimens were obtained from the middle ear mucosa and tympanic membrane to measure nitric oxide and malondialdehyde levels. In addition, plasma malondialdehyde levels and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and catalase activity were determined. RESULTS: All patients had similar demographic features and serum electrolyte and hormone levels. Nitric oxide and malondialdehyde levels of the specimens obtained from the middle ear mucosa (P =.001) and tympanic membrane (P =.01) and, in parallel to this, the plasma malondialdehyde activity level were higher in group 1 than in group 2. Moreover, group 2 had significantly lower erythrocyte catalase activity levels (P =.001) compared with group 1, whereas such a significant difference was not present for superoxide dismutase activity levels (P >.05). CONCLUSION: The study results suggest that nitric oxide, free oxygen radicals, and catalase may have a role in the development of tympanosclerosis in patients with chronic otitis media.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Malignant jugular paraganglioma: a case report].

Paragangliomas are usually benign tumors. Overall, less than 10% of all paragangliomas become malignant. Although the indicator of malignancy is regarded as detection of histopathological findings of tumor by some authors, most authors accept extension to regional lymph nodes or distant metastasis as the only reliable indicators of malignancy. A 66-year old woman was admitted to our hospital with hearing loss, vertigo, and hoarseness. CT examination revealed a mass in the left jugular foramen. The tumor was confirmed as malignant paraganglioma. Indicators of malignant paragangliomas are discussed in this article.

Aged↗

PubMed2004

The role of allergy in the etiology of otitis media with effusion; immune system and cytokines.

OBJECTIVES: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is one of the major causes of hearing loss in childhood. In this study, the role and the importance of allergy in the etiology of OME was evaluated with reference to the immune system and the cytokines. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy-eight ears of 59 patients who had undergone myringotomy with the diagnosis of OME were included in this study. Serum samples of 26 healthy children who were in the same age group and were living in the same region under similar socioeconomic circumstances were examined as the control group. RESULTS: Interferon (IFN)-gamma levels were significantly lower and IL-4 and IgE levels were significantly higher in the serum samples of the patient group when compared with those of the control group (p<0.05). A positive correlation was found between IL-4 and IgE in the serum samples of patients (p<0.01). However, there were negative correlations between IFN-gamma and both IgE and IL-4 levels, that were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: T-helper polarization suggests that allergy may have a role in the etiology of OME. Therefore, it should be kept in mind in the treatment of OME.

Case-Control Studies↗

PubMed2003

First branchial cleft sinus presenting with cholesteatoma and external auditory canal atresia.

First branchial cleft abnormalities are rare. They may involve the external auditory canal and middle ear. We describe a 6-year-old girl with congenital external auditory canal atresia, microtia, and cholesteatoma of mastoid and middle ear in addition to the first branchial cleft abnormalities. Clinical features of the patient are briefly described and the embryological relationship between first branchial cleft anomaly and external auditory canal atresia is discussed. The surgical management of these lesions may be performed, both the complete excision of the sinus and reconstructive otologic surgery.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed2003

[The effect of vitamin E on histopathologic healing and lipid peroxidation levels in experimentally induced traumatic tympanic membrane perforations].

OBJECTIVES: To examine the favorable effects of vitamin E on tympanic membrane perforations induced mechanically in guinea pigs. STUDY DESIGN: Bilateral tympanic membrane perforations of 1.8 mm were induced in 40 guinea pigs. The animals were randomly divided into two groups equal in number. One group remained untreated, while the other was administered vitamin E (100 mg/kg/day) through intramuscular injections. On days 1, 3, 5, and 7, five animals in each group were randomly sacrificed. Histopathologic changes in the tympanic membranes were evaluated and malondialdehyde levels were determined. RESULTS: Significant increases were observed in epithelial thickness, fibroblastic proliferation, and neovascularization in the study group (p<0.05). Epithelial thickness was found to be increased in both groups beginning from the first day; however, this increase was more rapid in the study group. Although malondialdehyde levels showed significant increases on days 3 and 5 in both groups (p<0.05), they returned to the first day values in vitamin E-treated animals on day 7, whereas controls still maintained high malondialdehyde levels. CONCLUSION: Vitamin E hastens the healing process of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Bacteriemia in septoplasty and septorhinoplasty surgery.

This study was conducted in an attempt to investigate whether bacteriemia developed in patients with septoplasty and septorhinoplasty in the postoperative period during which an anterior nasal pack was in their nose. Fifty-three patients who went through septoplasty or septorhinoplasty operations were followed in this study. Nasal smear cultures were obtained from all the subjects before the operation. After the packs were retrieved, smears were also obtained from the pack material. Venous blood samples were obtained from the patients immediately before the operation, after the operation and immediately following the retrieval of the pack. When preoperative nasal smear cultures and postoperative pack material cultures of the patients that were obtained at 48 hours were compared, it was seen that different microorganisms were present in 66% of the patients. Bacterial growth was not observed in any of the preoperative blood cultures; whereas 8 patients (15.0%) had bacteriemia in the blood samples obtained immediately after the operation and 9 (16.9%) had growth in the blood samples obtained following the retrieval of the pack. With these results we have seen that bacteriemia can develop in patients with septoplasty and septorhinoplasty. It did not cause serious clinical problems. However, in patients with cardiovascular problems, this possibility should be taken into consideration and relevant preoperative precautions should be implemented.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Findings of standard and high-frequency audiometry in workers exposed to occupational noise for long durations].

OBJECTIVES: Changes in hearing thresholds were determined by standard and high-frequency audiometry in subjects exposed to occupational noise for long durations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Hearing thresholds were measured between 250 and 16000 Hz frequencies by standard and high-frequency audiometry in 64 male workers (mean age 42 years; range 31 to 55 years) of a hydroelectric power plant and in 30 age- and sex-matched controls with no hearing problems. The workers were divided into three groups according to the noise level and into four groups according to the duration of exposure. RESULTS: The mean hearing thresholds of workers showed significant increases in all frequencies from 4000 to 16000 Hz (p<0.005), the most affected frequencies being 4000, 6000, 14000, and 16000 Hz (p<0.0005). Increases in hearing thresholds were significantly correlated with the noise level and duration of exposure to noise (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that high-frequency audiometry should be used together with standard audiometry in the detection and follow-up of individuals who are at potential risks for hearing losses.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[An investigation of patients with acute peripheral facial palsy with regard to Lyme disease].

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the role of Borrelia burgdorferi in the etiology of idiopathic acute peripheral facial palsy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Nineteen patients (15 females, 4 males; mean age 38 years; range 14 to 61 years) with acute peripheral facial palsy were studied. Following routine otolaryngologic examination, all the patients underwent taste, Schirmer, and stapedial reflex tests to evaluate the level of the palsy. Laboratory examination included routine biochemistry analysis, serum C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Anti-Borrelia burgdorferi IgM and IgG antibodies were sought by ELISA in venous blood samples. RESULTS: Of the patient group, acute facial palsy was localized on the right in 12 patients (63.2%), and on the left in seven patients (36.8%). None of the patients had bilateral involvement. No IgM or IgG seropositivity for Borrelia burgdorferi was detected in the serum samples. CONCLUSION: In highly endemic areas, it may be helpful to detect or even to eliminate Lyme disease through screening of serum in patients with acute peripheral palsy.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2002

Resistant bacteria in the adenoid tissues of children with otitis media with effusion.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the resistant bacteria in the adenoid tissue and the middle ear effusion of children who underwent myringotomy and adenoidectomy with the diagnosis of otitis media with effusion (OME). METHODS: This study was performed in the ENT Clinic, Firat University between January 2001 and June 2001. Forty-one subjects who were enrolled in the study were diagnosed as OME, their age ranged from 1 to 11 years, and they underwent a myringotomy together with an adenoidectomy because of adenoid hyperthrophy. Bacteriological cultures were performed on the samples obtained from adenoid tissues and middle ear fluids, in the bacteria that were cultured; the resistance to oxacilline sodium and beta-lactamase were investigated. The resistance of penicillin was confirmed by MIC test. The control group composed of individuals who did not have OME but who underwent adenotonsillectomy due to adenotonsillary hyperthrophy. RESULTS: In the adenoid tissue cultures; Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis species were isolated from the 70% (29/41) of the study group and 40% (20/41) of the control group (P<0.01). In the isolated bacteria, the resistance rates for oxacilline or beta-lactamase were found to be 48% (20/41) in the study group and 16% (4/25) in the control group (P<0.05). We observed that bacterial growth in 29% (9/31) of the middle ear cultures of the study group and resistant bacteria were isolated in 77% (7/9) of them. The same pathogens which have grown in the middle ear cultures were also present in the adenoid tissue cultures. CONCLUSION: The isolation of resistant bacteria in most of the adenoid tissue samples of the children with OME, makes us to consider the possible role of these bacteria in the development of OME.

Adenoidectomy↗

PubMed2002

The role of free oxygen radicals in noise induced hearing loss: effects of melatonin and methylprednisolone.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cochlear damage caused by free oxygen radicals occurring as a result of exposure to noise and to determine the prophylactic effects of melatonin and methylprednisolone. Fifty male albino guinea pigs were randomly divided into five groups. All groups were exposed to 60 h of continuous wide band noise at 100+/-2 dB, except group I. Group I was not exposed to noise or treated with drugs. Group II was exposed to noise and not treated with drugs. Group III was exposed to noise and treated with melatonin. Group IV was exposed to noise and treated with methylprednisolone. Group V was exposed to noise and treated with melatonin and methylprednisolone. A high dose of 40 mg/kg methylprednisolone and/or 20 mg/kg melatonin were administered intramuscularly 24 h before exposure to noise, immediately before noise exposure and once a day until noise exposure was completed. Just after the noise ended, guinea pigs were decapitated. Venous blood was obtained into tubes with EDTA and it was used to measure activity levels of plasma malondialdehyde, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase and the cochlear tissue malondialdehyde. After the noise ended, in comparison group II with I; it was found that the malondialdehyde activity of the plasma and tissue had increased, the erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity levels had decreased and consequently, hearing thresholds had increased (P<0.01). A significant difference was found in the malondialdehyde and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity levels between groups II and III (P<0.01) and the hearing thresholds exhibited a parallel trend (P<0.05). The hearing threshold and malondialdehyde activity levels obtained from groups IV and V were found to be similar to those of group II (P>0.05). As a conclusion, we suggest that the use of methlyprednisolone in order to prevent the cochlear damage caused by noise does not provide sufficient prophylaxy, however the use of melatonin provides a more effective prophylaxy, thus being a promising alternative.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The role of viruses in idiopathic peripheral facial palsy and cellular immune response.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of viruses on the idiopathic peripheral facial palsy and show the interaction of immune system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM antibodies against to varicella-zoster virus (VZV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Ebstein-Barr virus (EBV), and mumps virus in venous blood taken from patients in the amount of 10 mL have been investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) were also examined. Of lymphocyte subpopulation, antibodies of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD19(+), and CD16(+) plus 56(+) were analyzed. RESULTS: Ten of the patients had HSV-1 IgG; 1 of the patients IgM, 5 of the patients EBV IgG, 6 of the patients VZV IgG, 1 of the patients IgM, 9 of the patients mumps IgG, 1 of the patients IgM, and finally in 7 of the patients CMV IgG antibodies were obtained. It was found that CD4(+) cell and ratio of CD4(+)/CD8(+) lower and the percentage of the CD8(+) and CD16(+) plus 56(+) cells higher compared with the control group (P < .05). The levels of TNF-alpha were lower, whereas IFN-gamma and TGF-beta1 were higher. CONCLUSION: It may be concluded from these results that VZV, HSV-1, CMV, EBV, and mumps virus play a significant role in the etiology of idiopathic peripheral facial palsy and activate the cellular immunity.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

High-frequency hearing loss and middle ear involvement in rheumatoid arthritis.

PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the possible changes in the middle ears of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to measure their hearing functions by eleven different test frequencies including standard and high frequencies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group was comprised of 74 patients with RA. The control group was comprised of 45 healthy subjects. We performed speech test, tympanometry, acoustic reflex test, and standard and high-frequency pure tone audiometric tests in the study and the control groups. RESULTS: It was observed that significant increases in the thresholds of pure tones in all test frequencies for the study group versus the controls (P <.0001). In terms of the duration of the disease, hearing loss of the patients with disease duration of 1 to 5 years was higher than that of the controls and exceeded beyond the level of 20 dB especially in high frequencies starting from 10,000 Hz. In patients with disease duration of 6 to 10 years, the beginning point for hearing loss was 4,000 Hz. The patients with disease duration of 11 to 15 years and of above 16 years had high hearing thresholds in all frequencies. We found normal pressure in the middle ears of the study and the control groups. CONCLUSION: Sensorineural type hearing loss developed in patients with RA especially in high frequencies. We also determined a diminished compliance in the middle ears of those patients, but this was not in a level of a conducting type hearing loss.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Efficacy of topical ciprofloxacin and tobramycin in combination with dexamethasone in the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media].

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of topical ciprofloxacin and tobramycin with and without topical dexamethasone in the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media without cholesteatoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 103 ears of 80 patients (49 males, 31 females; mean age 31 years; range 18 to 60 years) with chronic suppurative otitis media without cholesteatoma. The patients were randomly divided into four groups to receive topical applications of either ciprofloxacin and tobramycin alone, or in combination with dexamethasone. Cultures were obtained from the ears preoperatively and 24 hours after treatment. RESULTS: Aerobic bacteria were isolated in 94.1% of patients before the treatment, the most common being Pseudomonas aeruginosa (38.9%). With dexamethasone, the clinical response for ciprofloxacin and tobramycin increased from 80% to 90% and from 70% to 75%, respectively, but this improvement was not significant (p > 0.03). Addition of dexamethasone to ciprofloxacin decreased the recovery period from 14 days to seven days, whereas no change (7 days) was observed with tobramycin. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of ciprofloxacin and tobramycin were similar in the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media. Addition of dexamethasone to ciprofloxacin decreased the treatment period.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of hyperlipidemia on hearing function].

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the effects of hyperlipidemia on hearing function. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 274 hyperlipidemic patients (176 females, 98 males; age range 35 to 60 years) who manifested normal tympanic membrane findings, no history of noise exposure, and chronic systemic or ear diseases. Sixty healthy subjects (36 females, 24 males) with normal serum lipid levels were enrolled as controls. Subjects who had elevated serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels, and normal lipid levels were divided into four groups and their hearing functions were analysed with pure-tone audiometry. RESULTS: Evaluation of all groups showed significantly increased hearing levels at three frequencies in female patients, and at six frequencies in male patients (p < 0.05). Significant increases in hearing levels were observed both in females and males at 8000 Hz in three groups, at 6000 Hz in the VLDL group, and in males at 2000 Hz in the total cholesterol and VLDL groups (p < 0.05). When both female and male patients were evaluated together, the largest difference was detected in the VLDL group at five frequencies. CONCLUSION: The findings of our study suggest that hyperlipidemia may have a role on the occurrence of sensorineural hearing loss.

Adult↗