PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

U Bite

Publications and source records attributed to U Bite.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Decompression for dysthyroid ophthalmopathy via the orbital rim approach. Technical note.

A technique is described wherein the approach to the orbital cavity, with resection of its roof and lateral wall, is facilitated by a single burr hole and local en bloc removal of the lateral and supraorbital margins. A satisfactory decompression with reduction of proptosis of the orbital contents and a good cosmetic result is achieved without the need for a large dural exposure. The approach may be combined with removal of the anterior wall of the frontal sinus in cases where the lateral aspect extends appreciably laterally. Access to the orbital roof and lateral wall is straightforward and can be coupled with further removal of the floor lateral to the infraorbital nerve and medial wall. Advancement of the orbital rim upon bone replacement adds to orbital volume, creating better mechanical advantage for eyelid closure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Indirect intracranial volume measurements using CT scans: clinical applications for craniosynostosis.

This paper describes a method for obtaining indirect intracranial volume measurements using CT scans with CTpak, a software package for quantitative analysis of CT scan data. The validity of this technique was confirmed by comparing direct measurement of the intracranial volume of five dry skulls with axial scans at 1.5- and 4-mm slice intervals to determine indirect volume. The indirect intracranial volume measurement technique was then used to compare preoperative and postoperative intracranial volume in 30 patients with craniosynostosis who underwent cranial vault and orbital osteotomies with reshaping and advancement. Our findings show that the suture release and simultaneous reshaping procedures usually carried out are, in fact, associated with increased intracranial volume. The observed intracranial volume gain is attributable to a combination of factors, including the surgical procedure carried out and ongoing growth. These factors are further modified by the diagnosis, age of the patient, and time interval between CT scans.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

En block forehead reconstruction with split-thickness cranial bone.

This report demonstrates the utility of split-thickness cranial grafts harvested by craniotomy in the reconstruction of the entire forehead in an en bloc fashion. The technique allows a cosmetic recontouring of large surfaces of the cranial vault in particular, with little or no need for multiple extracranial grafts. Computer imaging and three-dimensional graphic reconstruction lend themselves well to preoperative planning.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Orbital rim and malar advancement for unilateral coronal synostosis in the older pediatric age group.

The authors describe a technique for lateral orbital rim and malar advancement in patients in the older pediatric age group. The technique makes use of a strip craniotomy containing the supraorbital margin, greater sphenoid wing, and temporal bone, with en bloc inclusion of the lateral orbital rim, zygoma, and malar prominence. The method allows a contoured yet stable construction secured in a tongue-in-groove fashion with plate-and-screw fixation. It creates a symmetrical reconstruction of both frontal and lateral orbital aspects in the untreated or inadequately treated older plagiocephalic child with orbital dystopia. The accompanying malar recession is likewise corrected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Microorbitalism: a technique for orbital rim expansion.

A simple technique for orbital aperture expansion to facilitate placement of ocular prostheses is described. Both superolateral and inferolateral orbital margins are released by means of a single burr hole craniectomy of the frontosphenoid bone behind the orbital process of the frontal bone. Vertical and horizontal marginal lengthenings are performed by a rotatory displacement of one bone segment alongside the other. The expanded osseous aperture is secured with wire and plate-and-screw fixation following a supraorbital rim craniectomy to allow an adequate fit. The result provides for easier access of ocular prostheses and tissue expanders. The method has been applied to a series of patients with microorbitalism due to unilateral or bilateral congenital anophthalmia over the past 3 years without complication and with excellent results. Three-dimensional re-formatted CT reconstructions of the craniofacial skeleton are shown preoperatively and postoperatively.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

The role of tissue expanders in an anophthalmic animal model.

A study of orbital bony expansion using a custom tissue expander was performed in the anophthalmic cat model. Twelve 6-week-old kittens underwent right unilateral enucleations. Six kittens had immediate insertion of a tissue expander into the orbit. The remaining six served as controls. Every 2 weeks 0.5 cc saline was injected into the expander to a maximum of 5 cc. External horizontal and vertical orbital dimensions were obtained by palpation technique weekly. All animals had preoperative and study conclusion head CT scans with three-dimensional reconstructions performed. Dry skull preparations were done at the study conclusion at 24 weeks. Results demonstrated that tissue expanders were successful in maintaining normal orbital growth and size relative to the contralateral control orbit. The animals with enucleation only had an average difference in vertical and horizontal orbital measurements of -27 and -13 percent when compared with the contralateral normal orbit. In contrast, the enucleation and tissue-expansion animals had vertical and horizontal measurements of +4 and +2 percent (p less than 0.05) when compared with the contralateral orbit. Head CT scans with three-dimensional reconstructions demonstrated normal orbital geometry and volume for the animals with tissue expanders, whereas animals with enucleation only had small hypoplastic orbits. In conclusion, orbital tissue expanders offer a promising new technique in the treatment of anophthalmos.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Update on cranial bone grafts in craniofacial surgery.

A large series of cranial bone grafts performed during a 6-year period is presented. The types of grafts are discussed and the techniques of taking the grafts are described. The complications have been few. Full-thickness skull penetration occasionally occurs but should not be a cause for concern. The skull has gradually become our main bone graft donor site.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1987

Vascularized skull bone grafts in craniofacial surgery.

Vascularized skull bone grafts based on a pedicle of temporalis muscle have been used in 30 zygomatic arch and malar reconstructions, 1 mandible reconstruction, and 1 palate reconstruction. The surgical technique, complications, and postoperative results are reviewed. Technetium bone scans obtained within one week of operation confirm blood supply to the transferred bone. After a mean follow-up of 13 months, there is no evidence of bone graft resorption. We have used a team approach and careful surgical technique, and no serious complications have been encountered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Craniofacial osteotomies to facilitate skull base tumour resection.

In order to expose deeply situated tumours of the skull base in various regions, the concept of osteotomies of segments of the facial skeleton has been developed. The portion of skeleton overlying the tumour is removed, the lesion is resected and the removed bony structure is then reinserted. This has greatly facilitated tumour removal in difficult areas. The advantages of this approach are, to the surgeon, total en bloc resection of deeply situated tumours with few complications; for the patient, an improvement in the quality of the aesthetic result following resection of recurrent or potentially lethal tumours.

Facial Bones↗
PubMed1986

Three-dimensional computed tomographic scanning and major surgical reconstruction of the head and neck.

The major advantage of three-dimensional computed tomographic imaging is the ability to obtain accurate anatomic measurements of distance, area, and volume. This accuracy is possible because the three-dimensional relationships of soft tissue and skeleton are retained. This feature is particularly useful in reconstruction of the upper facial skeleton, where standard roentgenograms and computed tomographic scans are of limited value. Computer-interactive surgical procedures have been used for correction of congenital deformities and for removal of orbital neurofibromas and subsequent reconstruction. Because three-dimensional imaging is expensive and exposes the patient to high levels of irradiation, this approach is recommended only when a specific indication exists and when it can contribute to problem solving.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1985

Orbital volume measurements in enophthalmos using three-dimensional CT imaging.

The purpose of this study was to investigate enophthalmos by measuring the volume of various orbital structures using off-line computer techniques on images generated by a CT scanner. Eleven patients with enophthalmos had CT scans of the orbits consisting of 30 to 40 adjacent 1.5-mm slices. The data from the scans were analyzed on a Nova 830 stand-alone computer system using software programs that allowed measurement of total bony orbital volume, total soft-tissue volume, globe volume, orbital fat volume, neuromuscular tissue volume, and apex-to-globe distance in the horizontal plane. These data were analyzed comparing the volumes in the normal eye with the volumes in the enophthalmic eye in each patient. The analysis demonstrated a statistically significant increase in bony orbital volume in the enophthalmic eye, but the total soft-tissue volume, fat volume, neuromuscular tissue volume, and globe volume were the same as in the normal eye. The apex-to-globe distance, a measure of the degree of enophthalmos, was less in the enophthalmic eye than in the normal eye. These results suggest that in the majority of patients, the cause of posttraumatic enophthalmos is increased bony orbital volume rather than by soft-tissue loss or fat necrosis. (Several patients showed no volume discrepancies, and it is likely that cicatricial contracture is responsible for the enophthalmos in these cases.) This study suggests that the objective of surgery for correction of enophthalmos in patients with a volume discrepancy should be to decrease the volume of the bony orbit and to increase the anterior projection of the globe.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1984

Human bite injuries of the hand.

The charts of 24 patients admitted to Victoria Hospital, London, Ontario with human bite injuries were analysed. Two clinical groups were found. One group of patients had evidence of septic arthritis. They required operative treatment and experienced complications. The second group was made up of patients with cellulitis who responded to antibiotic therapy and had an uncomplicated course. No resistance to cephalosporins was found. Patients seen soon after injury without evidence of joint penetration should be managed by irrigation and open management of the wound, immobilization in a hand dressing, elevation, tetanus prophylaxis, oral administration of a cephalosporin and reexamination within 24 hours. Those who fail to respond to this treatment should be admitted to hospital and given antibiotics intravenously. Clinical evidence of septic arthritis warrants early operative incision and drainage combined with antibiotics given intravenously.

Adult↗