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Biomedical subjects

U Busch

Publications and source records attributed to U Busch.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Floating pulmonary embolus: unusual cause of recurrent syncope.

A 69-year old woman was admitted because of recurrent syncopal episodes. In hospital, she had repeated attacks of near fainting or syncope when she was turned into the left decubitus position. Continuous arterial pressure monitoring revealed that severe hypotension initiated these events. Secondarily, the heart rate dropped markedly. The symptoms quickly reversed when the patient was turned back into the supine or right decubitus position. Angiography revealed a large, riding and partly floating pulmonary embolus that obstructed the pulmonary circulation to a variable degree, apparently influenced by the patient's body position. During subsequent emergency surgery the angiographic findings were confirmed. It appears that the severe hypotensive episodes were caused by intermittent high degree obstruction of the pulmonary circulation by the floating pulmonary embolus, a mechanism that, to our knowledge, has not previously been described as a cause of recurrent syncope.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Echocardiographic study for optimizing therapy with physiologic heart pacemakers--the relevance of mitral valve motion].

The hemodynamic effects of the AV-intervals 50, 150 and 250 ms were studied in 19 patients with VDD pacemakers and compared to VVI stimulation and 12 normal individuals. LV dimensions and systolic and diastolic time intervals were measured with echo-phonoapexcardiography. The amplitude of LV-contraction, LV enddiastolic diameter, PEP, LVET and PEP/LVET significantly improved with physiological pacing when compared to VVI-stimulation. The optimal AV-interval was 50 ms in 8 patients, 150 ms in 7 and 250 ms in 4. Mitral valve closure (128 +/- 13 ms) and PEP (193 +/- 19) were grossly delayed in comparison to normal individuals. With increasing AV-intervals PEP and the onset of rise in the apexcardiogram were not changed but mitral valve closure occurred earlier, being 128 +/- 13 ms at AV = 50, 82 +/- 36 ms at AV = 150 and 20 +/- 73 ms at AV = 250. Simultaneously LV-filling time normalized for cycle length decreased from 50 +/- 5% to 45 +/- 8% and 38 +/- 10% respectively. In the presence of early mitral valve closure there was a late mitral notch, which occurred 10 +/- 20 ms after the onset of rise of the apexcardiogram. Thus the onset of the isovolumic contraction period was defined. In patients with VDD pacemakers therefore, echocardiography allows measurements of LV function, of the late onset of systole, and of mitral valve closure, which depends on the previous PR-interval. These values need to be considered in programming the optimal AV-interval and cannot be derived from normal individuals.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[NMR tomography in cardiology. I. Anatomy of the healthy heart].

The normal anatomy of the heart and the neighboring large vessels of a healthy volunteer is depicted in ECG-triggered NMR tomograms. The tomograms were recorded with a slice thickness of 10 mm without gap in transversal, sagittal and coronal orientation. They show a variety of anatomical and morphological details which cannot be obtained by means of other noninvasive imaging modalities.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1984

Pharmacokinetic properties of antileukemic and trypanocidal compounds with amidino and imidazolinyl groups.

The pharmacokinetics of a series of heterocyclic compounds substituted with amidino or imidazolinyl groups and showing trypanocidal and antileukemic activity has been studied in mice and rats using radiolabelled material and newly developed HPLC techniques. Trypanocidal compound 261/115 (2-Amidino-indole-6-carboxamidine) showed species differences in mice and rats, however, in mice no differences were detected after i.p. and s.c. administration. Terminal half-life was 2.4 h and 5 days in mice and rats, respectively. Trypanocidal compound 102/198 [2-(4-Amidinophenyl)indole-6-carboxamidine), DAPI) showed a terminal half-life of 60 days in rats. For both compounds excretion data were determined, accounting for less than 1% in bile in both cases, 36% and 7.5% in urine and 36% and 22.5% in faeces for 261/115 and 102/198, respectively. According to an organ balance and a computer fit of excretion data extensive tissue binding seems to be responsible for this long terminal half-life. This is also suggested by RBC/plasma partitioning data. Since biliary excretion is negligible, direct excretion into the gut might be responsible for the excretion in faeces. For other antileukemic diamidines as well as for analogous diimidazolinyl compounds consisting of two heterocyclic nuclei linked by a double bond plasma pharmacokinetics were determined in mice after i.p. administration. Their terminal half-lives ranged between 3.5 and 10.7 h. For all compounds studied multi-compartmental models could be established. In addition, it could be shown for 261/115 and 150/129 [E)-2.2'-Vinylenedi-1-benzofurane-5-carboxamidine) that their pharmacokinetics were not dose-dependent. In general, imidazolinyl compounds showed higher plasma levels than did their amidine analogues. This property seems to be related to their solubility. However, no correlation could be found between pharmacokinetic properties and antileukemic activity. Therefore other properties like DNA-binding, tissue distribution etc. should be considered in evaluating new strategies for the development of antileukemic compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[The current state of staphylococcal resistance to chemotherapeutics].

62 Staphylococci strains classified according to their ability to produce coagulase and their hemolytic activity were tested on susceptibility to 21 antibacterial substances. The tests were carried out with the agar diffusion and agar dilution methods (mostly ADATAB-System: Breakpoint-method with prefabricated tablets). The majority of the investigated strains showed sufficient susceptibility towards the tested substances. For treatment of multi-resistant strains narrow-spectrum antibiotics are recommended. The antibacterial activity of the combination metronidazol with mezlocillin or oxacillin was exclusively determined by the penicillins used.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

[Investigations on the pharmacokinetics of apalcillin in man].

Plasma levels and urinary excretion was studied after i.v. bolus of 1000 mg (2S,5R,6R)-6-[(R)-2-(4-hydroxy-1, 5-naphthyridine-3-carboxamido)-phenylacetamido]-3, 3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid (apalcillin, PC-904) and after long-term infusion of 3000 mg apalcillin in volunteers of both sexes. For measuring the concentrations a cylinder agar diffusion test was used. The plasma levels decreased from 150 microgram/ml 2 min after injection to 100 microgram/ml 15 min p.a. and to 37 microgram/ml after 90 min. For the terminal half-life of elimination from plasma a value of 1.0 was calculated. After termination of the long-term infusion concentrations of 70-80 microgram/ml were found in plasma. In this case a terminal half-life of 1.5 h was calculated. Due to the fast half-life of elimination no cumulation will occur in the case of repetitive dosing. This suggestion is supported by the finding, that the mean transit time of 1.4 h is very short. On the other hand the substance is distributed so rapidly that therapeutic levels are reached 30 min after infusion. Using data from literature, a proportionality between dose and area under the plasma curve could be demonstrated in the range 1000-3000 mg apalcillin. Our results show that about 20% of the dose administered is found in urine. 10 h after application the urinary excretion is finished. No side effects were observed during the acute assays.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Treatment of Wilms' tumor (author's transl)].

Uniform treatment based on the therapeutic approach of the 1st and 2nd US National Wilms' Tumor Study was decided on in March 1976 by paediatricians, surgeons, urologists and radiotherapists in Austria. Wilms' tumour was diagnosed in 34 children between 1 january 1976 an 29 february 1980 (stage I: n = 11, stage II: n = 8, stage III: n = 8, stage IV: n = 7). Parents of two children refused treatments; both children have since died of metastases. Of the remaining 32 children 29 (90.6%) are alive, 10 for more than 4, 15 for more than 3 and 19 for more than 2 years after diagnosis. 21 children are without need of treatment. Three children have died, one due to postoperative complications, one due to haemorrhagic chickenpox, but free of tumour, and one after insufficient treatment. Two of the five children with a recurrence between 2 1/4 to 15 months after diagnosis had been treated inadequately in the initial phase. The tumour free survival rate in 74.2%. Two children with early occurring or recurrent lung metastases have survived for 53 1/2 and 54 months up to now.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

[A survey of infant feeding during the first six months of life (author's transl)].

In 1978--1979 a feeding survey was conducted among infants during the first six months of life. 213 question sheets containing numerous items about breast- and artificial feeding and episodes of significant illness were replied to by 213 german-speaking mothers. The following data were especially remarkable: 68% of the newborn babies were initially breast fed, this percentage declining to 19% after the first month of life. Only 10% of all bottle fed infants received humanized milk formula exclusively. Most of the mothers introduced solid foods too early. The comparison of morbidity between breast, mixed-fed and exclusive artificially fed infants came down significantly in favour of the breast fed group. The different findings are discussed and a programme to promote breast-feeding while still in hospital elaborated upon.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1981

[Pharmacokinetics of AR-L 115 BS in the rat (author's transl)].

Following i.v. and p.o. administration, blood concentration, tissue distribution and excretion as well as metabolic pattern was investigated in rats for 14C-labelled 2-[(2-methoxy-4-methylsulfinyl)phenyl]1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (AR-L 115BS). The absorption following oral application was so rapid that no further rise in blood level could be seen 5 min after administration. The radioactivity was eliminated from blood with a half-life of 1 h. Only very low levels were measurable after 8 h. There was a rapid distribution into the tissues, especially into the live and the concentration of radioactivity in skeletal and heart muscle was comparably high. The elimination of radioactivity via bile and urine was also rapid. After intravenous or intraduodenal administration 70% and 63% of the dose were excreted via bile over 6 h. This indicates a good enteral absorption. During metabolism especially polar metabolites were found but only a few conjugates were identified. The metabolite level increases in the plasma shortly after oral application. The metabolites detected in plasma are also seen in bile and urine. Only small amounts of parent substance were detected in bile and urine.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

[Comparison of blood levels, excretion and metabolite pattern in rats non-pretreated and pretreated with subacute doses of AR-L 115 BS].

Following p.o. administration of 50 mg/kg 2-[(2-methoxy-4-methylsulfinyl)phenyl]-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (AR-L 115 BS) labelled with 14C the pharmacokinetics and metabolic pattern were studied in rats. The animals were divided into two groups: one group was non-pretreated and the other group was pretreated with non-radioactive AR-L 115 BS during a subacute toxicity test for 3 months. In all measurements statistically significant differences were detected. In pretreated rats blood levels and urine excretion balance were lower than in the control animals. In contrast to these findings a faster and higher faecal excretion was found in the pretreated animals. The metabolic pattern of plasma and urine shows a higher degree of metabolism in pretreated animals than in control animals. It is therefore concluded that the differences observed are caused by induction of the drug metabolizing enzyme systems.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Human pharmacokinetics of AR-L 115 BS (author's transl)].

Following i.v. administration of 0.7 mg of 2-[(2-methoxy-4-methylsulfinyl)phenyl]-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (AR-L 115 BS)/kg (bolus) the terminal plasma elimination half-life (beta-phase) was in the range of 50 min. A fast absorption of the patent compound could be observed after oral administration of 50, 75, 10 and 150 mg AR-L 115 BS (solution). The AR-L 115 BS plasma level behaviour was characterised by a fast elimination of the parent compound.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

Pharmacokinetics of oxazepam following multiple administration in volunteers and patients with chronic renal disease.

The plasma level course and the elimination of oxazepam (Adumbran) via urine were investigated following multiple oral administration in volunteers and patients with chronic renal failure. Additionally, drug metabolizing enzyme systems had been induced in the volunteers by pretreatment with phenobarbital. The plasma protein binding in vitro of oxazepam was determined in volunteers and patients. The plasma levels and the renal elimination of oxazepam and its metabolites do not show any differences between the two groups of volunteers (oxazepam and oxazepam after pretreatment). 83--92% of the dosage are eliminated via urine. In comparison, the plasma levels of oxazepam in patients with renal failure are half those of the volunteers. However, the plasma levels of oxazepam metabolites in patients are much higher than in volunteers and these increases correlate to the creatinine clearance of the patients. The non-protein bound oxazepam in plasma was found to be twice as high in the plasma of patients as that of volunteers. As a consequence, the lower plasma level of oxazepam in patients will be compensated for so that the pharmacological activity in patients and volunteers due to free oxazepam in the plasma water is nearly the same. Therefore a new dosage regimen for treatment with oxazepam in patients with renal failure is not necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

8-MOP plasma levels in PUVA problem cases with psoriasis.

8-MOP plasma levels of psoriatic patients poorly responsive to PUVA treatment (PUVA problem cases) (N = 14) and of psoriatic patients with adequate response to photochemotherapy (N = 7) were measured for 8 h after oral ingestion of 0.6-0.8 mg/kg body weight, using a gas chromatographic method. We investigated whether there are any differences in the course of the plasma kinetics between the two groups. Problem patients showed significantly lower 8-MOP plasma levels than the control group. Furthermore, the 8-MOP plasma levels increased more rapidly in the control group than in these problem patients. Deviations in time of the maximum 8-MOP plasma levels from the expected 2 h peak could be observed in 50% of the problem cases compared to only 14% of the control patients. There is no correlation between the dose and the 8-MOP plasma level achieved in the two groups, i.e. higher doses do not result in high levels. In individual cases there is not always a correlation between the plasma maximum of 8-MOP at the time of UV-A irradiation and the response to treatment. Adjustment of the UV-A irradiation to coincide with the maximum plasma levels led to an improvement in therapeutic results for three problem patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Electrophysiologic studies in patients with ventricular inversion and "corrected transposition".

We evaluated the intracardiac conduction intervals using His bundle recordings in 40 patients with ventricular inversion and 1-transposition of the great arteries. Twenty-nine subjects had 1:1 atrioventricular (AV) conduction. In 15 of those with normal PR intervals and QRS durations, the conduction intervals were not different from those of subjects with normal hearts. In the 14 patients with first-degree AV block, the block was located between the sinus node and AV node in four, between the low right atrium and bundle of His in seven, and below the common bundle of His in four. In 11 subjects with complete AV block, the stie of block was above the site of the His potential in four, below in two and within the His bundle in one. In four patients we could not record a His potential and thus could not localize the site of block. Complete block below the His recording site was associated with syncope in one patient and sudden death in another. His bundle recording is a safe technique for studying the conduction system in children with ventricular inversion and 1-transposition of the great arteries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Biochemical and morphological correlates of acute experimental myocardial ischemia in the dog. IV. Energy mechanisms during very early ischemia.

Tissue energy metabolism was examined in posterior (ischemic) and anterior ("control") regions of canine ventricles after 5 and 10 minutes of left circumflex coronary artery occlusion. When compared to identical regions of normal hearts, the following changes were found: (1) decreases in glycogen and phosphorylase activity in the anterior and posterior regions, (2) depressed state 3 rates of oxygen consumption of isolated mitochondria in both anterior and posterior regions, (3) shifts in optimum substrate concentrations for palmityl-CoA (+ carnitine) oxidation by mitochondria in the anterior and posterior regions, and (4) decreases in the apparent zero order and first order rates of mitochondrial palmitylcarnitine production. These changes correlated with a marked decrease in developed tension in the posterior regions. Depression in tension development in the posterior regions of the heart still was present after 30--60 minutes of reperfusion following a 10-minute period of occlusion. Glycogen content in the reperfused areas was significantly decreased after 60 minutes of reperfusion when compared to normal areas and to control hearts perfused for 70 minutes. After reperfusion, mitochondrial function appeared to return toward "normal." However, the slow restoration of contraction of the ischemic area suggests that cellular mechanisms operative in vivo to restore pump function still might be abnormal.

Acyl Coenzyme A↗