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Biomedical subjects

U F Haustein

Publications and source records attributed to U F Haustein.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Multiple lentigines (LEOPARD) syndrome. Case reports and review of the literature].

The rarely occurring multiple lentigines (LEOPARD) syndrome represents a complex of skin, heart, skeleton and other malformations and is described in a 36-year-old male and his 9-year-old daughter. With the occurrence of multiple lentigines, the diagnostic search for further malformations should always be undertaken. Its differential diagnosis and its pathogenetic and clinical aspects are discussed in this paper.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Sports-induced infections--an overview].

Sportive activities are playing an increasing role for the spare time in our society. Subsequently, practicing of various kinds of sport can lead to direct and indirect exposures to and transmission of microorganisms between athletes and also passive observers. As a result, different microbial pathogens can be transmitted and might lead predominantly to cutaneous or mucosal infections. These include both bacteria--Staphylococcus aureus, streptococci and gram-negative bacteria, like Pseudomonas, viruses--herpes simplex virus, human papilloma virus--and, last but not least, also dermatophytes--e.g. Trichophyton tonsurans as particular pathogenic agent of tinea gladiatorum. Beside single cases of infections outbreaks through various virus-, bacteria- and dermatophytes-induced infections might happen and have indeed been reported. Surprisingly, there is only limited knowledge among physicians concerning sport-induced infections. Therefore, sport-induced infections are reviewed giving details about their route of transmission. Awareness of these infections might facilitate implementation of early treatment and preventive measures.

Dermatomycoses↗
PubMed2001

[Treatment of endemic scabies with allethrin, permethrin and ivermectin. Evaluation of a treatment strategy].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Ectoparasitic cutaneous infestations are still common problems in countries of Western Europe. Scabies is a highly contagious disease of the skin caused by Sarcoptes scabiei variatio hominis. It has a world-wide distribution and affects all ages with no specific gender predisposition. Scabies is of profound public health interest because certain environment factors such as overcrowding, poor hygiene, delayed treatment of primary cases and lack of public enlightenment are conducive to its spread. However, prompt and adequate therapy is rewarding and prevents further spreading. Scabies acquires additional public health significance when large numbers of individuals are affected, as in a nursing home. Outbreaks of scabies in such dimensions require a special treatment strategy. PATIENTS/METHODS: On request of the town council an eradication concept for the treatment of endemic scabies in nursing and retirement homes was developed. RESULTS: persons (IP) and identification of the likely index patients (IXP)because of their widespread disease should be the first step of an eradication program. All IP except for IXP should be treated irrespective of clinical signs by a single application of a modern effective external scabicide such as allethrin (Spregal) or permethrin cream (permethrin 2,5% until 6th year of life or permethrin 5% in a hydrophilic cream) at day 1 (day X). The following 10-day quarantine and close control of all IP is an inexpensive and safe method of eradication. IXP are admitted and treated with oral administration of single dose of ivermectin, which can be repeated on day 8 if necessary. In addition permethrin cream 5% can be applied in severe cases, combined with nail trimming and aggressive cleaning of the subungual debris. Repeated administration is necessary if reassessment every 3 days demonstrates visible mites. (Note: none of this is mentioned in German.) The staff is instructed to wear gloves during all patient contact. CONCLUSIONS: Our strategy for eradication of endemic scabies has proven effective. Allethrin can be used following the package inpermethrin is more effective and can also be used in children, as well as pregnant and nursing women. Ivermectin is particularly useful in treating crusted scabies. It is not approved for scabies in Germany so the patients must be accordingly counseled. The frequency and the major therapeutic problems in treating endemic scabies make it important to work for the approval of permethrin and ivermectin in this setting.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2001

[Rare and newly described histological variants of cutaneous squamous epithelial carcinoma. Classification by histopathology, cytomorphology and malignant potential].

The histological spectrum of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin is presented, including recently mentioned and rarely appearing tumor subtypes. Beside the most frequently occurring common SCC with variable degree of differentiation, the following tumor forms can be identified microscopically: Bowen-SCC, acantholytic SCC, clear cell SCC, spindle cell SCC, keratoacanthoma-like SCC, desmoplastic SCC, neurotrophic SCC, verrucous SCC, adenosquamous carcinoma and basosquamous cell carcinoma. The classification of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma as a cutaneous SCC variant is disputed, because epidermal connections are regularly absent and evidence of glandular and follicular differentiation suggest an adnexal origin. Beside the description of distinctive histological and cytomorphological features of each SCC subtype, important differences in malignant behavior and clinical course are emphasized.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed2001

IgG and IgE immune response against the surface glycoprotein gp200 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in patients with atopic dermatitis.

The heat-stable and soluble glycoprotein gp200 (molecular weight 200 kDa) is part of the cell wall of S. cerevisiae. Recently, an association was shown between IgA and IgG against gp200 and inflammation in Crohn's disease. Gp200 is able to induce a proliferation of human lymphocytes in vitro, together with a natural killer cell associated cytotoxicity. Specific IgE against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's or brewer's yeast) may be detected in approximately 73%, against Candida albicans in 68% of those patients suffering from severe atopic dermatitis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the possible role of an anti-gp200 immune response for the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis by immunoblot analysis. Anti-gp200 IgE was found in 55% of healthy individuals, in 67% of individuals with atopic predisposition without eczema, in 63% of the patients with mild atopic dermatitis, and in 86% of patients with severe atopic dermatitis, respectively. On the contrary, anti-gp200 IgG could be shown in 55% of healthy individuals, in 89% of individuals with atopic predisposition but without eczema, in 100% of patients with mild atopic dermatitis, and in 79% with severe atopic dermatitis, respectively. No immunoreactivity was found when an extract of Arxula adeninivorans was used as antigen. These results underline the specificity of the immunoblot results with gp200 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It can be concluded that occurrence of specific IgE against Saccharomyces cerevisiae cannot be explained by a cross reactivity, e.g., against Candida albicans allergens. Further investigations with the recombinant gp200 will give information on the role of this glycoprotein both in atopic dermatitis and Morbus Crohn.

Antigens, Fungal↗
PubMed2001

Aspergillus detection in bronchoscopically acquired material. Significance and interpretation.

Pulmonary invasive aspergillosis is frequently difficult to diagnose. In particular, the value of the cultivation of Aspergillus and the Aspergillus galactomannan antigen detection (Pastorex) in bronchoscopically acquired material (bronchoalveolar lavage = BAL, bronchial lavage = BL) in the course of diagnosing this mycosis is viewed controversially. Between January 1996 and September 1999, we obtained 114 positive results in 100 bronchoscopically aquired specimens from a total of 69 patients. 59 of the 69 patients were immunosuppressed, 42 suffered from pulmonary aspergillosis and 38 suffered from invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. The positive prediction rate for a positive result with regard to pulmonary aspergillosis in bronchoscopically acquired material was approximately 61%. Cultivation of Aspergillus was more successful in BAL, and the Aspergillus antigen detection was more successful in BL.

Antigens, Fungal↗
PubMed2001

Case report. Mycotic arteritis due to Aspergillus fumigatus in a diabetic with retrobulbar aspergillosis and mycotic meningitis.

A 74-year-old man with diabetes mellitus type II, retinopathy and polyneuropathy suffered from exophthalmus, ptosis and diplopia. Magnetic resonance imaging and computer tomography showed a space-occupying process in the right orbital apex. An extranasal ethmoidectomy accompanied by an orbitotomia revealed the presence of septated hyphae. Aspergillus fumigatus was grown from the tissue. After surgical removal of the fungal masses, therapy with amphotericin B (1 mg kg(-1) body weight) plus itraconazole (Sempera, 200 mg per day) over 6 weeks was initiated. Five months later the patient's condition deteriorated again, with vomiting, nausea and pain behind the right eye plus increasing exophthalmus. Antifungal therapy was started again with amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine. Neutropenia did not occur. The patient became somnolent and deteriorated, a meningitis was suggested. Aspergillus antigen (titre 1:2, Pastorex) was detected in liquor. Anti-Aspergillus antibodies were not detectable. Both the right eye and retrobulbar fungal masses were eradicated by means of an exenteratio bulbi et orbitae. However, renal insufficiency and an apallic syndrome developed and the patient died. At autopsy, a mycotic aneurysm of the arteria carotis interna dextra was detected. The mycotic vasculitis of this aneurysm had caused a rupture of the blood vessel followed by a massive subarachnoidal haemorrhage. In addition, severe mycotic sphenoidal sinusitis and aspergillosis of the right orbit were seen, which had led to a bifrontal meningitis.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Juvenile papular-purpuric gloves and socks syndrome.

Papular-purpuric gloves and socks syndrome (PPGSS) occurs mainly in young adults, but it should also be considered in the differential diagnosis of childhood exanthems. The case presented here is the youngest patient hitherto reported with PPGSS and supports the concept of a viral genesis.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2000

[Microchimera. New thought process for pathogenesis of systemic scleroderma].

Persistent cellular microchimerism might play a role in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Microchimerism results from the traffic of fetal cells through the placenta during pregnancy into the maternal circulation and their survival due to HLA class II compatibility. In female SSc patients the presence of fetal CD3-positive T-cells in the maternal circulation and of fetal cells in the affected skin tissue has been identified through y chromosome specific DNA sequences. The persistent microchimerism might cause SSc in certain patients by initiating a fetal anti-maternal Graft-versus-host-like response.

CD3 Complex↗
PubMed2000

[Lipoprotein and apolipoprotein electrophoresis in X-chromosome recessive ichthyosis].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The clinical differentiation of the hereditary ichthyosis forms is difficult and without laboratory markers hardly possible. Serum lipoprotein electrophoresis is one tool for detecting patients with recessive X-linked ichthyosis (XRI). Compared to controls, XRI patients show elevated electrophoretic mobilities of low density (LDL) and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). This change in pattern is only partially explained by the increased LDL cholesterin sulfate concentration and is the subject of this study. PATIENTS/METHODS: Patients suffering from XRI and ichthyosis vulgaris, healthy controls. SDS-PAGE-electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing for detection of XRI-associated variations in apolipoproteins apo B-100, apo C-III and apo E. RESULTS: XRI-associated apolipoprotein variants were not found. In contrast to the literature, an increased electrophoretic mobility was also observed for HDL (high density lipoproteins) from XRI patients. CONCLUSIONS: The underlying cause of the increased electrophoretic mobility of VLDL and HDL in XRI patients remains unclear. Future studies should investigate other apolipoproteins and verify the cholesterin sulfate concentrations reported for VLDL and HDL from XRI patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Chemokine release from activated human dermal microvascular endothelial cells--implications for the pathophysiology of scleroderma?

Long-term exposure to silica (SiO2) may induce silicosis as well as extrapulmonary diseases such as scleroderma. Infiltration of mononuclear cells and release of proinflammatory cytokines from these cells have been suggested to play a role in the development of inflammatory and immunological events typical of scleroderma as well as of silica-induced scleroderma. We showed that silica is able to directly activate cytokine expression in blood monocytes, collagenase expression in cultured dermal fibroblasts and ICAM-1 expression in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. In the study reported here we found that silica and TNFalpha induce mRNA and protein of the chemokines RANTES and MCP-1 in endothelial cells. In addition, we demonstrated that culture supernatants of silica-treated endothelial cells are chemotactic for mononuclear cells from peripheral blood, suggesting that activation of endothelial cells may contribute to the chemotactic gradient necessary for extravasation of inflammatory blood cells into the surrounding tissue found in early scleroderma. However, a polyclonal anti-RANTES antibody failed to block chemotaxis suggesting that other proteins are involved in this phenomenon. We also studied the expression of RANTES in situ in the skin of systemic sclerosis patients and of healthy individuals. We found abundant RANTES mRNA expression in the skin of SSc patients, whereas in control skin no expression was found. From our data we conclude that RANTES and MCP-1 induction by silica may be an initiating event in inflammatory infiltration, whereas TNFalpha-mediated inflammation may propagate the disease more efficiently.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed2000

Fibroblasts surrounding melanoma express elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in vitro.

Tumour growth and metastasis involve the degradation of extracellular matrix components by matrix degrading enzymes produced by tumour cells and stromal fibroblasts. In this study, fibroblasts were obtained from biopsies on the border (TB) and 1 cm distant from the melanoma (TD) and cultured separately. Similar studies were performed with fibroblasts surrounding melanocytic nevi as control. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) mRNA and tissue matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 (TIMP-1) were studied by Northern blot analysis. The activation antigen intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in TB-and TD-fibroblasts was investigated by flow cytometry. In melanoma, TB-fibroblasts showed an increased expression of MMP-1 mRNA mainly in fibroblasts obtained from tumours with extended invasive growth demonstrated by Clark level whereas the expression of the major specific inhibitor TIMP-1 was unaltered. In contrast, fibroblasts surrounding benign melanocytic nevi did not express elevated levels of MMP-1. The upregulation of MMP-1 in TB-fibroblasts compared to TD-fibroblasts was maintained during cultivation. Furthermore, MMP-1 mRNA expression and MMP-1 total protein amount in normal fibroblasts were increased by melanoma cell conditioned medium. We demonstrated an increased expression of ICAM-1 in TB-fibroblasts compared to TD-fibroblasts in vitro depending on the amount of inflammatory infiltrate in situ. The differences of ICAM expression disappeared during continued cell culture. These results support the idea that fibroblasts surrounding melanoma are activated and are possibly involved in the degradation of matrix proteins surrounding the tumour.

Culture Media, Conditioned↗
PubMed2000

Effects of two novel cationic staphylococcal proteins (NP-tase and p70)and enterotoxin B on IgE synthesis and interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma production in patients with atopic dermatitis.

We have characterized the cell-mediated and humoral immune response of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and healthy controls in response to two novel staphylococcal antigens (NP-tase, p70) and the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). The parameters studied were IgE, interleukin (IL)-4 and interferon (IFN)-gamma synthesis by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after stimulation with NP-tase, p70 and SEB in vitro. Both antigens, as well as SEB, induced IL-4 and IFN-gamma secretion in patients and controls. However, patients with AD showed a significantly diminished IFN-gamma production in response to NP-tase or SEB. Furthermore, we demonstrated a good correlation between antigen-stimulated IgE production and the IL-4/IFN-gamma ratio in vitro. A distinct subgroup of PBMC showed impaired IFN-gamma synthesis and enhanced IL-4 secretion after incubation with p70 or NP-tase. These data support evidence that a subgroup of patients with AD, synthesizing low levels of IFN-gamma after stimulation with staphylococcal antigens, may have impaired abilities to clear Staphylococcus aureus colonization. Persistent staphylococcal antigens could then be responsible for inflammatory and allergic skin reactions in patients with AD. We therefore conclude that, besides superantigens, staphylococcal antigens may also play a part in the pathogenesis of AD.

Adult↗