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Biomedical subjects

U Finsterer

Publications and source records attributed to U Finsterer.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Effects of acute hypercapnia and hypocapnia on plasma and red cell potassium, blood lactate and base excess in man during anesthesia.

In order to test the relationship between changes in plasma potassium concentration and pH changes of respiratory origin, we produced hypercapnia (mean PaCO2 71 mmHg = 9.5 kPa) in a group of 17 patients and hypocapnia (mean PaCO2 21 mmHg = 2.8 kPa) in another 20 patients during neurolept analgesia and intraabdominal operations. A control group of 19 patients was studied under normocapnia but otherwise identical conditions. During hypercapnia, serum potassium rose, deltaK/deltapH amounting to -0.82, -1.05 and -1.34 after 30, 60 and 90 min, respectively. During hypocapnia, serum potassium decreased, deltaK/deltapH being a little more negative than during hypercapnia (mean values -1.62, -2.44 and -1.60). Red cell potassium concentration decreased in all three groups to a similar extent. Blood lactate levels during hypercapnia decreased to 75% of control and during hypocapnia rose to a maximum of 186% of control. In order to obtain reasonable values for base excess in primarily respiratory acid-base disorders, it is necessary to use nomograms based on in vivo ECF-CO2-titration curves. With this premise, hypercapnia or hypocapnia in our patients was not associated with significant changes in base excess.

Acid-Base Imbalance↗
PubMed1977

[Electrolyte balance in major abdominal surgery. II. Observations under combined general and regional anaesthesia versus enflurane anaesthesia (author's transl)].

In 20 patients undergoing selective proximal vagotomy using a combination of methohexitone-nitrous oxide-pancuronium-anesthesia and intercostal block, and in 33 patients undergoing large abdominal surgical procedures under enflurane anesthesia, we found a mean decrease in serum potassium after the start of anesthesia of 0.25 mval/l which was maintained during the time of anaesthesia and operation. In spite of an unchanged potassium balance we noted a reduction in red cell potassium in both groups by about 7 mval/l. Serum sodium decreased by about 6 mval/l and base-excess by a mean of 2 mval/l. In both groups we found a nearly indentical and strong correlation between sodium infused and retained. In conclusion changes of serum potassium, serum sodium, base excess, red cell potassium and of sodium and potassium balance are typical of those occurring during large abdominal surgical procedures and the infusion regimen applied. They are, however, not influenced by the type of anaesthesia.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1976

[Electrolyte studies in major abdominal surgery. I. Neuroleptanalgesia and Variations of the infusion scheme (author's transl)].

In two groups of 30 patients each who had undergone abdominal surgery under NLA (mean anaesthesia time 4h) we found a small but significant reduction in the serum potassium level after 45 min of anaesthesia. Throughout anaesthesia we found a significant reduction of potassium content of red cells, serum sodium and base excess. Potassium balance shows that under anaesthesia and operation potassium moves out of the extracellular space and the red cells into other compartments. At the same time about 75 per cent of infused sodium and water is retained with a positive correlation between the quantities of sodium infused and retained. A modification of the infusion regimen by substituting glucose solution with distilled water and Ringer lactate with normal saline and 5 mval/l KCI only results in a change in blood glucose and serum sodium.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1976

[Blood-oxygen analyzer boa 802 (author's transl)].

Experiences with a new blood oxygen analyzer (BOA 802, Dräger-Bio Marine) are reported. In the range up to 100 mm Hg data about 6 mm Hg to high were found compared with the AVL Gas Check. In the range between 100-300 mm Hg there was an increasing difference between values measured with the BOA 802 and a conventional oxygen electrode, however this does not seem to be of clinical relevance.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1975

[Sodium and water balance in the dog under halothane and methoxyflurane anesthesia (author's transl)].

In our model of volume expanded dogs with an equilibrium between input and renal output of sodium and water halothane anesthesia (1,5 Vol.-% insp.) was performed. In deepening halothane anesthesia we found a progressive decrease of mean aortic pressure, GFR and renal sodium and water excretion. There was a strong correlation between GFR and sodium excretion. With a high GFR significantly more sodium was excreted under halothane, whilst reduction of GFR led to an overproportional decrease of sodium excretion. Urine osmolality, too, depended on GFR under halothane. The results of methoxyflurane anesthesia were quite similansion. Concentrations of inorganic fluoride in serum and urine, which we measured in these experiments, did not result in visible changes of sodium or water balance, compared with the conscious state.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Sodium and water balance and renal function in volume expanded dogs under neuroleptanalgesia (author's transl)].

In 8 volume expanded dogs with an equilibrium between input and renal output of sodium and water neuroleptanalgesia of 6 hours duration with a total of 9 mg/kg of droperidol and 0.35 mg/kg of fentanyl was performed. Under anaesthesia GFR was increased by about 10% (p less than 0,02) compared with the conscious state, whilst renal sodium and water excretion was reduced by about 50%. From this we conclude that active tubular transport of sodium is augmented under neuroleptanalgesia. Due to decreased excretion, retention of sodium and water increased during anaesthesia changes of functional ECFV tending into the same direction. Plasma volume and intravascular protein did not change under neuroleptanalgesia compared with the conscious state. Urine osmolality and negative free water clearance (TcH2O) increased by about 60% under droperidol and fentanyl. In volume expanded dogs under neuroleptanalgesia intravenous application of 0.5-1.0 mg of atropine resulted in a temporary water diuresis.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Sodium- and water balance in the dog in the conscious state and under nitrous-oxide and barbiturate anesthesia (author's transl)].

By a suitable pattern of saline infusion we established an equilibrium between input and renal output of sodium and water in the conscious animal, which was maintained for six hours. During this period of equilibrium we found an increase in GFR, plasma volume and functional ECFV of about 30% each, the amount of intravascular protein and albumin being unchanged. Under nitrous-oxide and thiopentone anaesthesia renal sodium and water excretion was unchanged compared with values of conscious animals. However there was a striking decrease in plasma volume as well as in circulating protein and albumin by approximately 20%. Similarly functional ECFV (sulphate space) was found to be reduced under thiopentone anaesthesia. Retention of sodium about 12 hours after the end of anesthesia amounted to 7% of the quantities infused (about 50 mval per animal), whilst the applied water load had been completely excreted.

Anesthesia↗