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Biomedical subjects

U G Meneghelli

Publications and source records attributed to U G Meneghelli.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Gastric secretory and motility studies in chronic chagasic patients.

In Chagas' disease, the degeneration of the nerve cells of the intramural parasympathetic ganglia of the stomach causes a wide range of motor and secretory disturbances of the organ. To assess and to correlate the alterations of these two gastric functions, electromanometric and secretory studies were performed in 22 chagasic patients and in 12 control individuals. The gastric antrum electromanometric records were carried out in basal conditions and under the stimulation of methacholine chloride (Mecholyl). Gastric secretory studies were carried out in two sessions with a Kay's test: in the first, with the test alone; in the second, associated with bethanechol chloride (Urecholine). The chagasic patients were divided into two groups according to their gastric motor response to methacholine. It was concluded that the parasympathetic denervation in Chagas' disease changes both acid and pepsin secretions in the same direction but that as the disease worsens, the responsiveness of pepsin secretion to cholinergic action tends to disappear earlier than that of acid secretion.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Echinococcus vogeli cysts in paca liver (Cuniculus paca) native from the Acre State, Brazil].

Four of the patients with polycystic hydatid disease observed by us reported that they were aware of the presence of liver disease in the pacas hunted for food. The viscera of these animals were usually given to domestic dogs. All of our 7 patients reported contact with dogs that had previously ingested viscera of pacas. Examination of the liver considered to be diseased by one of the patients and removed from a paca killed in the same region (State of Acre, Brazil) from which the human cases originated showed the presence of hydatid cysts. The characteristics of the rostellar hooks of the protoscolex indicated that this was the larval form of Echinococcus vogeli. These observations confirm the participation of pacas in the biological cycle of E. vogeli and the pathway through which man may become an alternative intermediate host of this echinococcus.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fecal excretion of fats and nitrogen in rats with niacin deficiency].

The effect of dietary-induced niacin deficiency on intestinal absorption of fat and nitrogen was studied in 18 rats through the metabolic balance technique. When compared with de control group (n = 9) the niacin deficient rats (n = 9) showed higher fecal fat and nitrogen output. The former was diarrhea-dependent and the later diarrhea independent processes. It is suggested that niacin deficiency might induced an early impairment in the intestinal protein absorption followed by diarrhea which would account lately for the fat malabsorption.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Kinetics of jejunal glucose transport in niacin deficient rats].

The kinetic of jejunal glucose transport was studied using perfused rat jejunum in vivo. Ninety rats were fed a diet deficient in niacin and 90 a control diet. The jejunal loops of 7 groups of animal were infused each group with one of following solutions of glucose: 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 300 mM/l. The Vmax and Km values were determined. The results showed that the vitamin-deficient rats absorbed less glucose independently of the amount infused and these animals had lower Vmax (133.7 microM/15 min/15 cm) and Km (192.1 mM/l) than control groups (294.1 microM/15 min/15 cm and 171.8 mM/l, respectively). In conclusion one can assume that niacin deficiency leads to a decreased glucose absorption in the jejunal loops, when tested as in our experimental model.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Morphometry and kinetics of jejunal epithelium in rats with niacin deficiency].

In niacin deficient rats, it was performed a kinetic and morphometric study of jejunal epithelium. It was observed that the deficient animals showed less villosity (515.1 mu x 570.1 mu; p less than 0.008), enterocyte (35.3 mu x 38.5 mu; p less than 0.004) and mitotic index (4.4% x 5.7%; p less than 0.001) and bigger crypt (238.0 mu x 186.1 mu; p less than 0.001) and cellular renovation time (22.9h x 17.8h; less than 0.001) according to control animals. It is suggested that NAD (nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide) deficiency can be responsible for the observed alterations.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Incidence of diverticular disease of the large bowel in non-chagasic and chagasic individuals with and without megacolon].

To study the frequency of association between two common colonic disease in our midst, chagasic megacolon and diverticular disease, we reviewed the barium enemas of 243 patients aged more than 35 years. Diverticula were detected in 22 (21.6%) of the 102 non-chagasic individuals, in 10 (35.7%) of 20 chagasics without megacolon, and in 14 (12.4%) of the 113 chagasics with megacolon. There was a statistically significant difference between the two chagasic groups, but not between each one of them and the non-chagasic group. The incidence of diverticula in the sigmoid colon of the non-chagasic group was significantly higher than in the sigmoid colon of the other two groups studied. Among the patients with association of megacolon and diverticular disease, the diverticula were always located in the nondilated portions of the large bowel. It is suggested that totally unfavorable conditions for the genesis and/or maintenance of diverticula exist in the dilated colon of chagasic patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The esophagus in Chagas' disease: physiologic, pharmacologic and clinical studies].

Intramural denervation confirmed anatomopathologically and by means of a pharmacological test is the main factor responsible for achalasia of the cardia and for the absence of peristalsis in the esophageal body in Chagas' disease. The resulting difficulty in transit and stasis cause the main symptoms and complications of megaesophagus. Among the recent phenomena observed in the physiopathology and pharmacology of megaesophagus by the manometric method, we may mention: delayed pharyngo-esophageal time, concomitance of peristalsis and aperistalsis and abnormal responses of the lower sphincter to caerulein, atropine, nifedipine and isosorbitol dinitrate. Gammascintillography was shown to be useful in the study of esophageal transit in megaesophagus by permitting the detection of unsuspected abnormalities, especially when deglution is done with the patient lying down, and by affording a dynamic and quantitative view of the changes in esophageal emptying.

Atropine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Polycystic hydatid disease (Echinococcus vogeli): clinical and radiological manifestations and treatment with albendazole of a patient from the Brazilian Amazon region.

We present a case of polycystic hydatid disease produced by Echinococcus vogeli in a tapper of rubber trees from the State of Acre, Brazil. The most relevant clinical data were pain, increased abdominal volume caused by palpable painful masses, fever and poor clinical condition. Laboratory tests showed anemia, eosinophilia, hypoalbuminemia, hypergammaglobulinemia and increased plasma levels of alkaline phosphatase. Computerized tomography revealed diffuse cysts throughout the peritoneal cavity up to the pelvis, and inside the liver, pancreas and spleen. Anatomopathological examinations of cysts obtained by laparotomy confirmed the etiological diagnosis. Treatment with 10 mg/kg Albendazole for 6 months caused complete regression of the disease.

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