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Biomedical subjects

U Kleinhaus

Publications and source records attributed to U Kleinhaus.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Bone Browser a decision-aid for the radiological diagnosis of bone tumors.

Bone Browser, a decision-aid for radiological diagnosis of bone tumors, was developed in cooperation with the Radiology Department of the Rambam Medical Center, Haifa. The system offers case specific advice from an expert system (ES), general information on the lesion area and allows for recording and retrieving cases. The ES utilizes both rule-based and probabilistic inferencing methodologies to arrive at a differential diagnosis (DD). The knowledge base was validated on 105 cases with known outcome. Clinical evaluation consisted of 59 new cases whose final diagnosis was not known to the evaluators. The correct diagnosis was included in the system's DD in 85% of the cases, which is comparable to the diagnostic accuracy of senior radiologists (88%). The system proved to be helpful to the expert, diagnosing cases missed by the radiologists and suggesting additional diagnoses not listed by the radiologists, raising their diagnostic capability to 91%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Early detection of lymphoma recurrence with gallium-67 scintigraphy.

Early detection of tumor relapse in lymphoma patients is often a difficult diagnostic problem. CT, which detects a mass, often cannot differentiate between fibrosis or relapsed tumor. For this reason, we have studied the value of 67Ga scintigraphy in the diagnosis of tumor recurrence. The sensitivity of 67Ga scintigraphy in the detection of lymphoma recurrence was studied at an average interval of 8.7 mo following treatment in 32 patients who developed recurrent lymphoma. Its specificity was studied in 36 patients with no recurrence who were in continuous clinical remission. At the time of appearance of relapse, the sensitivity of whole-body 67Ga imaging was 95% and the specificity 89%. In 12 events of recurrence in 10 patients, 67Ga scintigraphy was abnormal at sites that later proved to be regions of relapse. In these patients, scintigraphy demonstrated recurrence an average of 6.8 mo before the appearance of clinical symptoms, findings on clinical examination or abnormality on CT or chest x-rays. Gallium-67 scintigraphy, which permits screening of the whole body for recurrence in a single study, was of particular value in evaluating lymphoma recurrence, since 27% of the recurrences were located exclusively in sites different from the original sites of disease. Gallium-67 scintigraphy appears to be a sensitive and specific test for restaging patients with lymphoma recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The use of endotracheal tubes to assist in manipulation of esophageal strictures, in elongation of the esophagus in esophageal atresia, and in gastrojejunal feeding tube placement.

Because of the special qualities of a PVC endotracheal tube (smooth, soft, pliable but still with a patent lumen), it serves very well for the intubation of the esophagus or the duodenum through an established gastrostomy. In this article the use of endotracheal tubes in different manipulations of the esophagus and gastroduodenum is described.

Dilatation↗
PubMed1992

Osteomyelitis of the femoral neck caused by a pencil stab wound.

A unique case of osteomyelitis of the femoral neck of an eleven-year-old boy, following a stab wound by a lead pencil, with reactive synovitis of the hip joint is presented. The clinical course simulated that of acute septic arthritis and was diagnosed by various imaging modalities. Following operation and systemic antibiotic treatment, the patient improved dramatically. The role of sonography in the presence of inflammatory conditions around the hip joint is emphasized.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

Residual mass and negative gallium scintigraphy in treated lymphoma.

Two patients with treated lymphoma demonstrated a residual mass on CT following treatment. In both cases gallium-67 (67Ga) scintigraphy demonstrated increased uptake in the original tumor mass and no uptake in the mass after treatment. In both cases the entire residual tumor mass was resected and found to contain no cancer tissue. This is further evidence of the role 67Ga scintigraphy may play in monitoring response of lymphoma patients to treatment. In contrast, other imaging modalities such as ultrasound, plain film x-rays, or CT only show the presence of a mass but not its nature.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Gallium 67 imaging in monitoring lymphoma response to treatment.

The value of gallium 67 (Ga) imaging in monitoring lymphoma response to treatment was assessed in 25 patients with Ga-avid tumors and compared to body computed tomography (CT), chest radiographs, and palpation of tumor infiltrated peripheral lymph nodes. Ga imaging was negative in 95% (20/21) of the patients who were clinically considered to be in remission and in whom treatment was stopped. The disease did not recur during a follow-up of 12 to 26 months in 15 patients. Six patients developed recurrence of the disease 3 to 12 months after treatment was stopped. In all six patients Ga imaging became positive again at the time of the appearance of active disease. In the group of patients in remission, CT was negative in 57% (11/19), chest x-rays in 55% (6/11) and peripheral lymph nodes were palpated in none of the patients (13/13). In four patients that did not achieve remission after treatment, Ga scans were positive. Ga imaging appears useful in monitoring lymphoma response to treatment. This is probably because Ga imaging monitors tumor cell viability, whereas body CT and chest radiographs show the tumor mass, which may consist of fibrotic or necrotic tissue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Computed tomography in the preoperative evaluation of gastric carcinoma.

Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen was done in 49 patients with gastric carcinoma. These cases were retrospectively staged and evaluated as to operability. Various staging parameters were also evaluated separately. The results were correlated to findings on surgery, liver scan, and cytology. Overall accuracy of CT staging and operability assessment was 72 and 82%, respectively. Among the various CT parameters, perigastric fat invasion had a positive predictive value of 91%. The demonstration of local node involvement and invasion of adjacent organs was unreliable. Since surgery is currently the only treatment for gastric carcinoma, CT staging has limited clinical value. The principal role of CT is in the assessment of operability in patients with carcinoma of the stomach.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Villous tumors of the stomach.

Four cases of gastric villous tumors are presented. The radiologic features of these rare tumors in the stomach are described. Their high propensity for malignancy as compared to villous adenoma of the colon is emphasized. In 2 of 4 of our patients the villous tumors were malignant. The radiologic picture of villous tumors of the stomach is characteristic enough to suggest the diagnosis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

Preoperative diagnosis of Mirizzi syndrome.

Mirizzi syndrome is defined as an obstruction of the common hepatic duct by a stone present in the cystic duct or neck of the gallbladder. This entity rarely has been reported, and in only a few cases was the diagnosis made preoperatively. The preoperative diagnosis is of great importance since intraoperative findings may be similar to carcinoma of the extrahepatic biliary system, which requires a different technical approach. Furthermore, unrecognized cholecystobiliary or cholecystoenteric fistula resulting from stone penetration lead to serious postoperative complications, which can be avoided if the condition is properly recognized.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMed1988

Multifocal bleeding due to anticoagulant therapy.

A 62-year-old patient on anticoagulant therapy presented with hemothorax, pulmonary hemorrhages and a high retroperitoneal hematoma with obstruction-infarction of the right kidney. Following plasma infusion and pleural drainage, the clinical condition stabilized and kidney function improved.

Hematoma↗
PubMed1987

Computed tomography of Crohn's disease--reevaluation.

The indications and CT features of Crohn's disease were reevaluated, based on 48 examinations in 28 patients. Although CT is indicated mostly in the complications of Crohn's disease, it played a major role in the primary diagnosis of Crohn's disease in 8 patients. 5 unsuspected patients had CT for other abdominal indications and 3 had the examinations as part of an elective diagnostic work-up. The following CT features of Crohn's disease are worthy of note: Bowel wall thickening is usually obvious and needs no measurement. Abscesses are often of inhomogeneous density and should be differentiated from inflammatory bowel conglomerates. Late CT scans can be helpful in this respect. Fistulae are not well demonstrated directly by CT. The fistulogram remains the examination of choice, when possible. Mesenteric lymphadenopathy is small and discrete. Mesenteric lipomatosis can be massive and is often a cause of bowel separations and mass effect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Progressive diaphyseal dysplasia (Camurati-Engelmann): radiographic follow-up and CT findings.

Sixteen patients with progressive diaphyseal dysplasia (PDD) and aged six months to 76 years were examined. Fourteen cases were hereditary, two were not. The progression of the radiologic manifestations in 13 patients who were followed up from 1 to 32 years and the computed tomography (CT) scans from five patients were obtained. The progression of PDD was slow and unpredictable, from minimal endosteal thickening of the mid-diaphyses in one pair of long bones to severe sclerosis of long bones, skull, and vertebrae. The severity of the osseous changes was not age dependent. A six-stage system was used to grade the severity of involvement and progression of PDD. CT scans demonstrated muscle mass that was preserved and showed the distribution of the osteosclerotic process, which was irregular and inhomogeneous. CT scanning was advantageous over plain radiography in this respect. Endosteal involvement was more extensive than periosteal thickening. CT scans also showed a distinct pattern of vertebral sclerosis that was confined to the posterior areas of the vertebral body and arches. In light of the paucity of characteristic clinical signs of PDD, the recognition of the radiologic features is mandatory for the diagnosis of this disease.

Camurati-Engelmann Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Gastroduodenal intussusception secondary to prolapsing gastric tumors.

Gastroduodenal intussusception is a rarely documented condition that occurs secondary to a mobile leading gastric tumor that prolapses into the duodenum. Its typical radiologic presentation includes lumen narrowing, distally converging gastric folds, infolding and outpouching of the gastric wall, gastric intussusceptum presenting as a filling defect, and a leading tumor in the duodenum. The coil spring pattern, characteristic of bowel intussusception, is not a prominent feature. Two cases are presented and discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Radiology in war.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1985

Recurrent intraabdominal abscess caused by Salmonella paratyphi C.

We describe a patient who suffered from recurrent intraabdominal abscesses. The last two of the three abscesses were certainly caused by Salmonella paratyphi C. The time interval between the first and the second abscess was 25 years, and that between the second and the third abscess was 20 years. Single infection with this microorganism is very rare in Israel, with only four known cases in the last 20 years. The annual frequency in the United States is 0 to 2 cases per year. In recent years, this infection has also been very rare in other parts of the world. Our case is unique as it recurred two or three times. The infection was probably dormant for a very long time. During the dormant years, the patient was clinically healthy. To our knowledge a recurrent infection with this microorganism has not previously been reported in the literature.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1985

24-Hour/4-hour ratio of technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate uptake in patients with bone metastases and degenerative bone changes.

The uptake of [99mTc]MDP in metastatic lesions of the vertebrae was compared with the uptake in normal vertebrae. The ratio of these lesion-to-nonlesion uptakes at 4 and 24 hr was called the 24-hr/4-hr ratio (TF ratio). A similar ratio was measured for lesions in the spine due to degenerative bone disease. Lesions in vertebrae with degenerative bone disease and treated metastases had a significantly lower TF ratio than lesions in vertebrae with untreated bone metastases. These findings suggest that the TF ratio might be a reliable method for separating metastatic lesions from degenerative changes in the vertebral column, and could be especially useful in cancer patients whose bone scans demonstrate a single lesion in the spine.

Adult↗