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Biomedical subjects

U Larsson-Cohn

Publications and source records attributed to U Larsson-Cohn.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Effects on the hemostatic system and liver function in relation to Implanon and Norplant. A prospective randomized clinical trial.

In this prospective randomized clinical trial, two long-term contraceptive implants were studied with respect to hemostasis and liver function in 86 healthy young women. The two implants used were Implanon, containing the progestagen etonogestrel (the biologically active metabolite of desogestrel) and Norplant, the implant containing the progestagen levonorgestrel. The results of the trial showed that both implants had similar small effects on the hemostatic system that are not suggestive of a tendency towards thrombosis. The effect on liver function was characterized by increases in total bilirubin and gamma-glutamyl transferase and decreases in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein effects of transdermal administration of estradiol and estradiol/norethisterone acetate.

To evaluate the effect of transdermal sequential treatment with estradiol and estradiol/norethisterone acetate on lipoprotein metabolism, 25 postmenopausal women received treatment for 12 cycles of 4 weeks each (2 weeks estradiol 50 micrograms/day and 2 weeks a combined patch delivering norethisterone acetate 0.25 mg/day and estradiol 50 micrograms/day). Blood samples for lipoprotein analyses were drawn before treatment and in estrogen and combined phases in cycles 3 and 12. Plasma total cholesterol, low (LDL) and high (HDL) density lipoprotein were all significantly reduced in both estrogen and combined phases. Eighteen of the women continued the treatment for 36 cycles. In this group the HDL-cholesterol had returned to baseline values in combined phase in cycle 24. Plasma cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol values remained significantly reduced throughout the whole study compared to the pre-trial values. The present study by transdermal sequential hormonal treatment results in a lipid and lipoprotein pattern with reduced total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol in postmenopausal women.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1986

Effects on the lipoprotein metabolism of an antiandrogen-estrogen oral contraceptive drug.

The effects on the lipoprotein metabolism of six cycles of treatment with 2 mg of the anti-androgenic progestogen Cyproterone acetate + 50 micrograms of ethinyl estradiol were prospectively studied in 22 healthy premenopausal women. The plasma level of cholesterol (C) was unchanged, while the levels of HDL-C and its subfractions HDL2-C and HDL3-C were significantly elevated after only one cycle. The LDL-C decreased after one month but then returned to pretreatment levels. VLDL-C was unchanged. The phospholipid concentrations within the various lipoprotein fractions generally resembled those of the corresponding cholesterol fraction. The levels of fibrinogen in plasma and of triglycerides in plasma and in the lipoprotein fractions were elevated. It is concluded that the drug had a predominant and rather pronounced estrogenic profile.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1985

Plasma lipoproteins including high density lipoprotein subfractions during normal pregnancy.

In 19 healthy women the levels of plasma lipoprotein fractions were determined before conception, at exact gestational ages every six to 8 weeks during pregnancy, and eight weeks after delivery. The high density lipoprotein level was elevated in the 14th week and showed a maximum rise by 41% in the 28th week of pregnancy because of a doubling of the high density lipoprotein2 level. The low density lipoprotein level decreased in early pregnancy but then increased continuously. The very low density lipoprotein triglyceride concentration showed a continuous increase from week 14, and in week 36, it was three times higher than before pregnancy. During lactation, eight weeks after delivery, the low density lipoprotein concentration remained elevated, whereas the other lipoproteins had returned to prepregnancy levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Climacteric symptoms in an unselected sample of Swedish women.

A questionnaire on climacteric symptoms was sent to every woman living in the city of Linköping, Sweden (120,000 inhabitants) who was born in 1928 or 1930. Of the 1246 women concerned, 1118 (90%) responded. At the time of the survey, 252 women (23%) were pre-menopausal. In the total sample, 10% had undergone hysterectomy and/or bilateral oophorectomy. The median age at natural menopause was 51 yr. Climacteric symptoms were reported by 75% of the women, the predominating complaints being sweating attacks and hot flushes. Vaginal dryness and tenderness were experienced by 30% of the post-menopausal women, the discomfort tending to become more common as the duration of the post-menopausal period lengthened. After the menopause, every third women experienced periods of depression more often than previously. Depression was positively correlated to the severity of the vasomotor symptoms. Fifty percent of the women expressed interest in receiving oestrogen treatment, although only 7% were using oestrogens at the time of the survey. This discrepancy is probably due to widespread apprehension in Swedish society - shared by the doctors - in regard to 'hormonal treatment'.

Climacteric↗
PubMed1984

Profound alterations of the lipoprotein metabolism during danazol treatment in premenopausal women.

Twelve women with pelvic endometriosis were treated with 600 mg of danazol daily for 24 weeks. The molar and fractional lecithin:cholesterol acyl transfer (LCAT) rates and the concentrations of cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides were determined in plasma and in the very low-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and HDL2 and HDL3 fractions before, during, and after the medication. After 2 weeks the HDL, HDL2, and HDL3 cholesterol concentrations were reduced by 49%, 73%, and 29%, respectively, while the LDL level was increased by 14%. The molar and fractional LCAT rates decreased during treatment, and these reduced LCAT rates are consistent with a reduced fractional LDL removal. Within 8 weeks after cessation of medication, all parameters had returned to the pretreatment levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Plasma lipoproteins during and after danazol treatment.

Twelve women with pelvic endometriosis were treated with danazol, at a dose of 200 mg three times daily, over a 24-week period. The concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides were determined in plasma and in the lipoprotein fractions. After only 2 weeks the mean high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol had already decreased by 49% and 6 weeks later the reduction was 59%. The low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration increased by 14% after 2 weeks and by 34% after 8 weeks. The triglycerides increased by 20% after 2 weeks. Eight weeks after cessation of treatment the lipoprotein fractions had returned to the pretreatment levels.

Danazol↗
PubMed1983

L-norgestrel and progesterone have different influences on plasma lipoproteins.

Twenty-six postmenopausal women who had been on cutaneous oestradiol treatment for 3-6 months were given either 120 micrograms of 1-norgestrel (n = 13) or 300 mg of progesterone (n = 13) sequentially for another 6 months. The concentrations of cholesterol, phospholipids and triglycerides were determined in plasma and in the HDL, HDL2, HDL3, LDL and VLDL fractions before and after one, three and six cycles of progestin treatment. Already after 11 days on 1-norgestrel, the mean HDL cholesterol and the mean HDL phospholipid concentrations were reduced by 15%. The reduction of the HDL-lipids was mainly confined to the HDL2 fraction which was decreased by 25-30%. L-norgestrel also reduced the mean TG concentration both in the VLDL and the combined LDL + HDL fractions. Progesterone gave only minor changes of the plasma lipids and lipoproteins. Reduced HDL, especially HDL2, concentration, as induced by 1-norgestrel, might increase the risk for ischaemic heart disease. Therefore, it seems that, as regards the effects on the lipoproteins, progesterone might be more suitable than the 19-nortestosterone derivative 1-norgestrel for postmenopausal sequential hormonal therapy.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1982

High level of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate in the cerebrospinal fluid of adult celiac patients.

Adults with intestinal malabsorption due to celiac disease show reduced central serotonin metabolism, probably induced by a lack of essential dietary factors. Investigating a role proposed for vitamin B6 deficiency, a regular finding in untreated celiacs, the present study yields no support for the hypothesis that direct inhibition at the decarboxylation step by vitamin B6 deficiency accounts for low central serotonin turnover in adult celiacs: 11 untreated patients showing reduced 5-HIAA in the cerebrospinal fluid (71+/- 26.8 pmol/ml) had a significantly higher concentration of the metabolically active B6 vitamer pyridoxal 5'-phosphate in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (0.06 +/- 0.34 ng/ml) than controls (0.24 +/- 0.07 ng/ml) (p less than 0.01). Cerebrospinal fluid tryptophan, precursor of serotonin, was normal (2035 %/- 649 pmol/ml). Raised pyridoxal 5'-phosphate in the cerebrospinal fluid in untreated celiac disease is an unexpected finding. Possibly it is secondary to the diminished central monamine metabolism in these patients, but further studies are needed bearing in mind that mental depression is a major cause for disability in adult celiac disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Oestrogens, gonadotrophins and SHBG during oral and cutaneous administration of oestradiol-17 beta to menopausal women.

Thirty-eight post-menopausal women were randomly allocated to 6 months of treatment with either 2-4 mg of micronized oestradiol-17 beta taken orally or 3 mg of oestradiol-17 beta applied cutaneously. The plasma concentrations of oestrone, oestradiol, LH, FSH and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were determined twice before and after 2, 4 and 6 months of treatment. In both groups the clinical effects were satisfactory. During treatment the mean oestradiol levels showed similar increases in the two groups while the oestrone concentration was markedly raised only among those taking oestradiol orally. The mean LH and FSH concentrations were significantly lowered in both groups. SHBG was increased with both treatments although more marked in the group on oral medication. Doubling of the oral dose from 2 mg to 4 mg gave significant changes of the LH, FSH and oestrone concentrations. Thus, in the given doses, the two routes of administration seemed to have similar effects on post-menopausal symptoms and on the plasma concentrations of gonadotrophins and oestradiol. However the plasma oestrone and SHBG levels became significantly higher during the oral than during the cutaneous treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Lipoproteins during oral and cutaneous administration of oestradiol-17 beta to menopausal women.

Thirty-eight post-menopausal women were randomly allocated to substitution treatment with either oestradiol-17 beta orally (2-4 mg) or cutaneously (3 mg). The concentrations of cholesterol (C), triglycerides (TG) and phospholipids were determined in the high density lipoprotein (HDL)-, the low density lipoprotein (LDL)- and the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)- fractions twice before medication and after 2, 4 and 6 months of treatment. Both treatments gave satisfactory clinical results. Oral doses increased the HDL and decreased the LDL thus raising the HDL-C/LDL-C ratio. The higher oral dose also increased the TG concentration. Cutaneous oestradiol gave only minimal changes of the lipoproteins. The lipoprotein changes observed during treatment with oral oestradiol might reduce the risk for atherosclerotic disease. Therefore, from a lipoprotein point of view, oral oestradiol treatment probably could be considered beneficial. The cutaneous oestradiol treatment had comparable clinical effects without any influence on the lipoprotein pattern.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Effects of the estrogenicity of levonorgestrel/ethinylestradiol combinations of the lipoprotein status.

Ninety-eight women seeking contraceptive advice were randomly allocated to 6 months of treatment with one of the following four combinations of ethinylestradiol (EE) and levonorgestrel (NG): 20/250, 30/250, 30/150, and the so-called triphasic drug. The EE/NG ratios were 0.08, 0.12, 0.20 and 0.36 respectively. Blood lipids, HDL-cholesterol and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were determined twice before treatment and after 1, 3 and 6 months of medication. Plasma triglyceride levels were moderately elevated in all groups, with the highest increase in the women taking the triphasic drug. The HDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol to cholesterol ratios were both markedly reduced, by 20/250 and 30/250, while 30/150 and the triphasic drug caused only minor reductions. The mean change in HDL-cholesterol showed a good correlation with the mean changes of SHBG (r = 0.916) and with the EE/NG ratios (r = 0.979). It is concluded that both SHBG and the EE/NG ratio may be used as an index of the estrogenicity of a combined oral contraceptive drug. As reduced HDL-cholestrol levels and HDL-cholesterol to cholesterol ratios have been shown to be directly correlated to the risk of developing ischemic cardiovascular disease it would seem important that the estrogenicity of such a drug should be sufficiently high.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1981

Lipoprotein changes may be minimized by proper composition of a combined oral contraceptive.

Lipids, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were determined in 98 women treated with combined oral contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol (EE) and levonorgestrel (NG) in the following combinations: 20/250, 30/250, 30/150, and a so-called three-phase drug. The EE/NG ratios were 0.08, 0.12, 0.20, and 0.35, respectively. The HDL cholesterol and the HDL cholesterol to cholesterol ratios were markedly reduced by 20/250 and 30/250, whereas 30/150 and the three-phase drug caused only minor reductions. The mean change in HDL cholesterol showed a good correlation with the mean changes in SHBG (r = 0.916) and with the EE/NG ratios (r = 0.979). It is concluded that SHBG may be used as an index of estrogenicity of a combined oral contraceptive agent and that EE and NG may be balanced in such a way that undesirable effects on lipid metabolism are minimized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Effects of postmenopausal ethinylestradiol treatment on gallbladder bile.

Bile composition was studied in three postmenopausal women without evidence of gallstone disease during administration of 50 micrograms of ethinylestradiol daily. The treatment resulted in an increased fraction of cholesterol in gallbladder bile and a shift in the bile acid composition with decreased relative concentration of chenodeoxycholate and increased fraction of cholate. These changes in bile lipid composition might explain the higher incidence of gallstones in women treated with estrogens.

Bile Acids and Salts↗