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Biomedical subjects

U Müller

Publications and source records attributed to U Müller.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

A highly sensitive peroxidase-antiperoxidase method for detection of H-Y antigen on cultivated human fibroblasts.

A peroxidase-anti-perioxidase method for the detection of H-Y antigen at the single cell level is described. The efficiency of the test was examined in cultivated fibroblasts derived from control subjects and from XX males and a true hermaphrodite. For comparison, H-Y antigen was determined in blood cells of the same probands using the cytotoxic test. The finding of H-Y positive fibroblasts in the intersex patients has implications for the origin of these disorders.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1979

Neuromyopathy during chronic amiodarone treatment. A case report.

Clinical, electrophysiological, and the nerve and muscle biopsy findings from a case treated with amiodarone are reported. Marked distal motor and sensory impairment and distal muscular atrophy were observed clinically. The electrophysiological examination revealed normal motor and sensory conduction velocities in the median nerve; the sensory action potentials were polyphasic and reduced in amplitude. Electromyography revealed denervation potentials and severe loss of motor units in the M. extensor digitorum brevis and in the M. tibialis anterior. The light and electronmicroscopical study of a N. suralis biopsy displayed total loss of large myelinated fibers and an almost total reduction of small myelinated fibers. The number of unmyelinated axons was markedly reduced. Fibrocytes and degenerative axons polymorphous inclusion bodies were present in Schwann cells. The muscle biopsy revealed both neurogenic and myopathic changes. Lipid storage was also present in the muscle fibers. Physical and chemical analysis of the nerve and muscle biopsy revealed the content of iodine to be more than 40 times increased. The findings indicate damage of axons, schwann cells and muscle fibers. It is suggested that the lipid storage in nerve and muscle tissue might be related to the accumulation of the drug or its metabolites.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Evidence for a gonad-specific receptor for H-Y antigen: binding of exogenous H-Y antigen to gonadal cells is independent of beta 2-microglobulin.

This report addresses the question whether two different types of binding exist for the reaction of H-Y antigen with the cell surface. Anti-H-Y antiserum in the presence of complement was cytotoxic only for gonadal cells expressing their own H-Y antigen, but not to ovarian cells loaded with H-Y antigen. H-Y antigen was co-redistributed with beta 2--microglobulin on newborn testicular cells, but some residual H-Y activity was found on similarly treated testis cells from 15 day old rats. After beta 2--microglobulin redistribution, testis cells maintained their binding capacity for exogenous H-Y antigen prepared from epididymal fluid or Daudi cell culture supernatants. This result suggests that exogenous H-Y antigen is bound via a gonad-specific receptor which is independent of beta 2--microglobulin and that this type of binding for H-Y antigen is different from the beta 2--m-associated expression of H-Y antigen on the cell surface.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of skin tests and RAST for the diagnosis of bee sting allergy.

Skin tests and estimation of specific IgE-antibodies by the RAST are evaluated as diagnostic procedures in bee sting hypersensitivity with the followiny extracts. (2) With bee venom results of skin tests and RAST correspond in 82%, with bee wholebody extracts in 68%. (3) Both with skin tests and the RAST with bee venom a good discrimination between patients with bee sting hypersensitivity and non-allergic controls is observed. Skin tests with bee venom are somewhat more sensitive than bee venom-RAST. (4) With the careful skin test procedure chosen, no adverse reactions were observed.

Allergens↗
PubMed1979

Immunotherapy in bee sting hypersensitivity. Bee venom versus wholebody extract.

Fifty-six patients with serologically confirmed bee sting hypersensitivity were treated for 1-3 years with either bee venom (BV) (31 patients) or wholebody extract (WBE) (25 per cent of re-exposed patients on BV-therapy showed a diminished reaction and 75% no reaction. Thirty-three per cent of re-exposed patients on WBE-therapy developed an unchanged or worse reaction, 42% a diminished reaction and 25% no reaction at all. An initial rise in BV-specific IgE was observed in BV-treated patients, whereas IgE levels after 1 year of treatment lay significantly below pretreatment values in both treatment groups. BV-specific IgG increased markedly in patients on BV-therapy and decreased slightly in those on WBE-therapy. The initial IgE increase induced by BV-therapy was insignificant in patients with high pretreatment levels of specific IgG-antibodies. Similarly, re-exposed patients with high BV-specific IgG showed no IgE increase, whereas a substantial rise in specific IgE was observed in those with low IgG. On the basis of clinical and serological results immunotherapy with BV is considered to be clearly superior to immunotherpy with WBE.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cross-reactivity to mammalian anti-H-Y antiserum in teleostean fish.

Anti-H-Y antiserum, raised in highly inbred rats, is absorbed by gonadal cells of various species of fish. This cross-reactivity proved to be restricted to the male sex in the cyprinodont species Lebistes and Xiphophorus, known to have the XX/XY mechanism of sex determination. In members of the more primitive fish orders Isospondyli and Ostariophysi, cross-reactivity was shown to occur as well, but the amount of antiserum absorbed was very similar in both sexes. An antigen cross-reacting with mammalian anti-H-Y antiserum is assumed to exist in fish similar to that found in higher vertebrates. If this is true, this antigen may have been shared originally by both sexes. However, during evolution, its expression has become restricted to the heterogametic sex.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Studies on H-Y antigen in different cell fractions of the testis during pubescence: immature germ cells are H-Y antigen negative.

Various cell types of the rat testis during pubescence, including germ, Sertoli, and Leydig cells, were partially enriched. The fractions were tested for the presence, binding, and secretion of H-Y antigen. The main results are: Immature germ cells are H-Y antigen-negative until the late diploid stages, and late primary spermatocytes or spermatids become positive; the somatic cells of the gonad are positive at all ages examined (18 days old to adulthood). Secretion of H-Y antigen is restricted to the Sertoli cell fraction. Binding of externally supplied antigen takes place on Leydig cells; the Sertoli cell surface will be saturated because of active secretion; there is no binding to germ cells. Thus, immature germ cells seem to be the only H-Y antigen-negative cells of the male organism, and the Sertoli cells seem to be the only ones to secrete H-Y antigen.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Appearance of hCG-receptor after conversion of newborn ovarian cells into testicular structures by H-Y antigen in vitro.

In a previous report (Zenzes et al., 1978b) it was shown that dissociated ovarian cells of newborn rats in vitro, if exposed to H-Y antigen, reorganize into testicular structures. The current study was designed to see whether this morphological conversion also results in a functional conversion. The LH/hCG receptor was used as a parameter characteristic for the newborn testis, but not for the newborn ovary. In the converted ovary, the LH/hCG receptor becomes detectable a few hours after onset of the culture and remains continuously present afterward. The appearance of this receptor may be due to a hormone-like action of H-Y antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The testis as a secretory organ for H-Y antigen.

After cultivation of dissociated rat testicular tissues, H-Y antigen is detectable in the medium; this is not the case if nongonadal male tissues are incubated. Release of H-Y antigen by testis cells is inhibited by the addition of cycloheximide. All tissues still type H-Y positive after culture. It is assumed that the testis actively secretes H-Y antigen. This assumption is supported by the finding that the amount of H-Y antigen in the epididymal fluid increases with the age of the animals.

Animals↗