PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

U Müller

Publications and source records attributed to U Müller.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Assignment of the X-linked torsion dystonia gene to Xq21 by linkage analysis.

We performed linkage analysis of X-linked torsion dystonia (XLTD) in 7 Filipino families, studying DNA from a total of 36 family members (9 obligate carrier females, and 18 affected and 9 unaffected males). Application of 21 informative X chromosomal DNA sequences allowed assignment of the XLTD locus to the proximal long arm of the X chromosome (Xq21). A maximum LOD score of 3.06 at [symbol: see text] = 0.0 was obtained with DXYS2, previously assigned to Xq21.3.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effectiveness of cisplatin alone and in combination within the scope of primary therapy of ovarian cancer. Results of a prospective multicenter study].

The efficiency of cis Platin (DDP) alone and in combination with Adriamycine (ADM) and Cyclophosphamid (CTX) were evaluated in a prospective randomized trial containing 173 pat. suffering from advanced ovarian cancer (FIGO III/IV). Therapeutic schedule and results: (table; see text) The most side effects concerned vomiting (WHO Grad 2) in 90%, nausea (WHO Grad 2) in 95% and alopecia in 50% out of all pat.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

[Second-look operation or second-look laparoscopy for evaluating complete remission of ovarian cancer].

Doubtlessly the exploration of the peritoneal cavity is essential for the determination of the efficacy of cis platine chemotherapy in ovarian cancer. Second-look operation and second-look laparoscopy are established as diagnostic methods. In a follow up study containing 92 patients with CR after cis platine chemotherapy it has been evident that the remission time is independent on the kind of invasive diagnostic methods. In contrast to these results the noninvasive diagnostic methods (like CT or X ray in 19 pat.) survival time was 20 months. The difference to both other groups is significant. Therefore it is necessary in cases with complete response to secure the results invasively, but a second-look operation is not compulsary.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Pseudomonas exotoxin A prevents beta-adrenoceptor-induced upregulation of Gi protein alpha-subunits and adenylyl cyclase desensitization in rat heart muscle cells.

Exposure of rat heart muscle cells to noradrenaline (1 microM) for 48 hr led to a decrease in the number of beta 1-adrenoceptors of 50% and a concomitant decrease in adenylyl cyclase stimulation by isoprenaline and forskolin of about 60 and 30%, respectively. In addition, the levels of two inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein (Gi protein) alpha-subunits (Gi alpha 40 and Gi alpha 41) were increased in membranes of noradrenaline-treated cells. Evidence is presented that noradrenaline induces this increase by activation of beta-adrenoceptors. First, the noradrenaline action was mimicked by the beta-adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline. Second, beta-adrenoceptor blockade by timolol but not alpha-adrenoceptor blockade by prazosin prevented the noradrenaline-induced up-regulation of Gi alpha proteins. Furthermore, timolol but not prazosin abolished the noradrenaline-induced down-regulation of beta 1-adrenoceptors and the decreases in receptor-dependent (isoprenaline) and -independent (forskolin) adenylyl cyclase stimulation. The specific protein synthesis inhibitor Pseudomonas exotoxin A was used to study whether the noradrenaline-induced up-regulation of Gi alpha subunits depends on increased synthesis of these proteins. This toxin inhibits peptide chain elongation by ADP-ribosylating elongation factor 2. Treatment of rat heart muscle cells with Pseudomonas exotoxin A (1 ng/ml) completely prevented the noradrenaline-induced increase in Gi alpha proteins, measured by both pertussis toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation and immunoblotting with anti-Gi alpha antibodies. Most importantly, Pseudomonas exotoxin A also completely prevented the noradrenaline-induced decrease in forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity. Furthermore, the noradrenaline-induced decrease in isoprenaline-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity was significantly attenuated by the toxin, although the down-regulation of beta 1-adrenoceptors caused by noradrenaline treatment was not affected. The data presented suggest that prolonged activation of beta-adrenoceptors in rat heart muscle cells, in addition to causing a receptor down-regulation, induces the synthesis of Gi alpha proteins, which then apparently mediate a decreased adenylyl cyclase responsiveness. The data, additionally, suggest that the synthesis of Gi alpha proteins is under control of the activity of the adenylyl cyclase system and that altered levels of these proteins may play a major role in long term regulation of signal transduction by this enzyme.

ADP Ribose Transferases↗
PubMed1990

[Therapy of acute cholecystitis--importance of early operation].

The acute cholecystitis is caused in over 95% by an stone occlusion of the cystic duct. The diagnosis can be made securily by ultrasound. The early cholecystectomy, th.i. within 48 hours, is the management of choice. The urgent cholecystectomy is indicated in free perforation of gallbladder or empyema with septicaemia. The late cholecystectomy should be refused avoiding unsuspected further complications. The mortality of 551 patients, operated in 16 years, has been totaly 27 (= 4.9), only 7 Patients (= 1.3%) immediately as an consequence of the gallbladder operation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Computer-assisted management in emergency medical aid practice].

After a two-year test period, a computer-aided analysis of the Emergency Medical Aid in Wolmirstedt was developed and has become an indispensable feature of the management structures. Using the computer detailed evaluation of speed, accuracy of diagnosis and suitable treatment is possible at short notice for basic medical and emergency needs. This information is available at all times. Twenty-five to 30 computer hours are necessary for recording and processing the results of 1,000 cases of EMA. The computer is not required for retrospective and analytical functions even in the control centre. However, for immediate solving of problems, e.g. the administration of risk patients and emergency regulations, the programme provides a considerable extension of general emergency treatment and is an inherent part of the EMA control centre.

Emergency Medical Services↗
PubMed1990

[Modification of immunotherapy with insect venom].

Allergic side effects give rise to a modification of the immunotherapy. Variation of the injection protocol and/or prophylactic application of antihistamines are successful in many patients. Combined active and passive immunotherapy is helpful only in a part of the remaining cases; this therapy is expensive and practicable only in few specialized clinics. Up to date a superior tolerance together with an at least equal efficacy as compared to conventional aqueous extracts has not been demonstrated either for aluminium precipitated or for chemically modified extracts.

Allergens↗
PubMed1990

[Cycloplatin (LACHEMA) in ovarian carcinoma. Results of a registered study].

A short report is given on the first results of the Carboplatin registration trial in ovarian cancer. CR 3/10 pat. PR 4/10 pat. remission time 10 ms in average. In comparison with cisplatin the efficacy is similar. The side effects are different particularly the bone marrow was more affected in contrast to cisplatin. The nephrotoxic side effects can be neglected.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Steroid sulfatase gene in XX males.

The human X and Y chromosomes pair and recombine at their distal short arms during male meiosis. Recent studies indicate that the majority of XX males arise as a result of an aberrant exchange between X and Y chromosomes such that the testis-determining factor gene (TDF) is transferred from a Y chromatid to an X chromatid. It has been shown that X-specific loci such as that coding for the red cell surface antigen, Xg, are sometimes lost from the X chromosome in this aberrant exchange. The steroid sulfatase functional gene (STS) maps to the distal short arm of the X chromosome proximal to XG. We have asked whether STS is affected in the aberrant X-Y interchange leading to XX males. DNA extracted from fibroblasts of seven XX males known to contain Y-specific sequences in their genomic DNA was tested for dosage of the STS gene by using a specific genomic probe. Densitometry of the autoradiograms showed that these XX males have two copies of the STS gene, suggesting that the breakpoint on the X chromosome in the aberrant X-Y interchange is distal to STS. To obtain more definitive evidence, cell hybrids were derived from the fusion of mouse cells, deficient in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase, and fibroblasts of the seven XX males. The X chromosomes in these patients could be distinguished from each other when one of three X-linked restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms was used. Hybrid clones retaining a human X chromosome containing Y-specific sequences in the absence of the normal X chromosome could be identified in six of the seven cases of XX males.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The use of computers in the Urgent Medical Aid Unit--preparation and planning].

The use of computers in prehospital emergency medicine gives rise to great prospects of achieving high efficacy of the urgent medical aid unit and of directing the group of doctors effectively. Extensive programmes for aiding decisions which are immediately available and can be used in daily practice enable an increase in the quality of emergency treatment. All measures which are necessary for the service in the urgent medical aid unit and the Red Cross of the GDR can be quickly monitored by computers. An easy-to-use programme was worked out.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1990

[How great is the risk in surgical treatment of choledocholithiasis?].

With a success-rate of approximately 95 percent non-operative removal of bile duct stones following endoscopic sphincterotomy is a valuable alternative to operative treatment. If the gallbladder has not been removed previously an acute cholecystitis may develop in up to 20 percent of the patients. Approximately 50 percent of complications following non-operative treatment require emergency surgery. The most serious complications following operative treatment are retained bile duct calculi (2.8%), wound infection and biliary fistulae. In our experience with 499 patients postoperative morbidity was 16.0% and mortality 3.8%. Cause of death was related to surgical bile duct exploration in only two patients (0.4%). Operative treatment of bile duct stones remains the treatment of choice. Endoscopic intervention is a valuable alternative for the removal of retained stones or in frail patients not fit for general anaesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical aspects, diagnosis and therapy of insect bite allergy].

Systemic allergic reactions following insect stings, most often by hymenoptera (honey bee, wasp), are usually of the immediate type and thus mediated by venom specific IgE-antibodies. The most frequent clinical symptoms are urticaria, angioedema, asthma and anaphylactic shock. While in epidemiological surveys up to 4% of individuals report a history of systemic allergic reactions following hymenoptera stings, fatal cases are extremely rare. Diagnosis is based on history, skin tests and estimation of venom specific serum IgE-antibodies (RAST). For treatment of mild systemic reactions antihistamines are often sufficient. In all cases with respiratory and/or cardiovascular symptoms, adrenalin must be given either by inhalation or by injection. All patients with a history of systemic reactions to hymenoptera stings must be instructed in prophylactic measures and receive emergency medication including adrenalin. The efficacy of venom immunotherapy is well documented but this treatment is expensive. It is therefore mainly indicated in patients with a history of sever systemic reactions and a high degree of exposure.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Insect sting allergy--clinical aspects, diagnosis and therapy].

Systemic allergic reactions following insect stings, most often by Hymenoptera (honey bee, wasp), are usually of the immediate type and thus mediated by venom specific IgE-antibodies. The most frequent clinical symptoms are: Urticaria, angioedema, asthma and anaphylactic shock. While up to 4% of individuals in epidemiological surveys give a history of systemic allergic reactions following Hymenoptera sings, fatal cases are extremely rare. Diagnosis is based on history, skin test and estimation of venom specific serum IgE-antibodies (RAST). For treatment of mild systemic reactions antihistamines are often sufficient. In all cases with respiratory and/or cardiovascular symptoms adrenalin must be given, either by inhalation or by injection. All patients with a history of systemic reactions of Hymenoptera stings have to be instructed in prophylactic measures and must receive emergency medications including adrenalin. The efficacy of venom immunotherapy is well documented, but this treatment is expensive: It is therefore mainly indicated in patients with a history of severe systemic reactions and a high degree of exposure.

Anaphylaxis↗