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Biomedical subjects

U Menchini

Publications and source records attributed to U Menchini.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Proliferative retinopathy and toxemia of pregnancy.

Retinopathy occurring during toxemia of pregnancy generally shows the features of hypertensive retinopathy. The authors describe the case of a patient with bilateral peripheral neovascularizations following toxemia of pregnancy. The likely pathogenesis is ascribed to the development of ischemic areas, which can be determined by microthrombus formation. Presently, low-grade disseminated intravascular coagulation is considered very important in the pathogenesis of toxemia of pregnancy. After panretinal fluorangiography, a selective photocoagulation of ischemic areas was performed. The regression of neovascularizations was observed after one month. No similar case report could be found in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Hyperplastic primary vitreous with persistent hyaloid artery in 2 non-twin brothers].

The authors describe the case of two brothers afflicted with persistent anterior hyperplasic primary vitreous and hyaloid artery. The occurrence of combination in two members of the same family is unusual, also moreover one of the patients was affected by macular retinoschisis. The two cases were clinically different; the first was typical, complicated by cataract; the second presented alterations mostly located in the posterior vitreous. In one eye fluorescein angiography showed a very slow and delayed filling of the hyaloid artery. Blood flow was directed from its anterior portion towards the optic disk. Nd: YAG laser photoresection of the hyaloid artery, performed in order to obtain a better visualization of the macula did not lead to remarkable hemorrhages. In an other eye fluorescein angiography could be performed after Nd: YAG laser photoresection of a vitreous membrane located in front of the posterior pole: remnants of the hyaloid vascular system with retrograde blood filling were present also in this case. The mechanisms leading to this reverse filling of the vessels are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Diabetic papillopathy: fluorangiographic aspects.

Diabetic papillopathy is one of the signs of diabetic microangiopathy. Up to now several researchers have taken interest in this disease, providing various and sometimes clashing pathogenetical interpretations. The most plausible gives a major importance to a localized damage of the peripapillary vascular radial network, considering the anatomo-physiological features of this structure. The Authors' survey is presented with particular attention to fluorangiographic aspects of papillary changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Vascular and rhegmatogenous peripheral retinal changes in essential systemic arterial hypertension].

The authors examined the peripheral retina of 106 patients affected by essential hypertension grading from 1st to 3rd, as classified by WHO. Research of peripheral retinal vascular alterations and of theoretically possible resulting degenerative changes (lattice degeneration, while without pressure and snail tract degeneration) was carried out. The study included a control group of 39 healthy subjects. A statistical analysis of the resulting data was performed. This showed that the frequency of retinal peripheral vasculopathy is higher in the hypertensive group and is significantly related to the severity of hypertensive retinal angiopathy. In the same way, the incidence of peripheral retinal degenerative changes proved to be significantly higher among the hypertensive group than in the control group. However, a correlation between the frequency of retinal degenerative processes and the presence of vascular changes could not be assessed. The results obtained are discussed, suggesting that peripheral retinal angiopathy could act as a risk factor leading to degenerative alterations on a formerly predisposed retinal tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The use of retinal fluorangiography techniques in the study of cerebral circulation.

Retinal fluorangiographic techniques can be employed in the study of cerebrovascular disorders in relation to the embryological, anatomic and functional affinities between the cerebral and retinal circulation. The techniques currently used have been improved by means of the computer analysis of the photographic image, thus allowing qualitative evaluations of the vascular dynamics and quantitative evaluations referred to remarkable variations. These improved techniques can be summed up as follows: equidensitometry with arbitrary colors, computerized fluorangiography for the evaluation of the vascular caliber, computer analysis of mean transit time (m.t.t.). A new type of qualitative evaluation not considering the fluorangiographic image has recently been introduced: the fluorophotometric analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Idiopathic macular retinoschisis in the young subject associated with preretinal and prepapillary neovessels].

Idiopathic juvenile retinoschisis is a sex-linked disease, which generally involves the macula and the retinal periphery in 50% of cases. The authors report a case of juvenile retinoschisis in which the central schisis was associated with wide non-perfused retinal areas causing the growth of retinal and epipapillary neovascularizations in one eye. The new vessels produced an intravitreal hemorrhage. The arising of non-perfused retinal areas is probably determined by capillary insufficiency secondary to the alteration of its vascular trophism due to the retinal detachment. This may cause a break of the blood-retinal barrier with subsequent capillary occlusions. We performed laser photocoagulation of the non-perfused areas, and complete regression of the neovascularization was obtained.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Fluorescein retinal angiography in the early diagnosis of optic disc edema.

33 patients hospitalized for suspected intracranial space-occupying lesion with negative or dubious ophthalmoscopic findings underwent fluorescein retinal angiography (FRA). The final diagnosis was based on the clinical and instrumental evidence. In 18 patients FRA showed late fluorescence of the optic disc with blurring of its margins. 17 of them had an intracranial space-occupying lesion and 1 had had a transient attach of cerebral ischemia. The FRA was negative in 15 patients: in 13 the final diagnosis ruled out raised intracranial space-occupying lesion. Comparison of the FRA results with the final diagnosis yields sensitivity, specificity and positive predictability ratings of 94.44, 92.85 and 94.44% for FRA.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Retinal angiography in the study of cerebral ischemia.

On the basis of the assumption of an affinity between cerebral and retinal vessels, it was sought to demonstrate that the variations induced in the retinal circulation are akin to those occurring at the cerebral level. The technique of retinal fluorescein angiography was used to evaluate the amplitude of the vasal lumen and the speed of circulation. In 5 patients, the drug used was (-)eburnamonine. While the calibre of the retinal arterioles did not undergo variations, a shortening of the mean transit time was observed in 3 of the 5 cases treated, evidencing an improvement in blood flow.

Brain Ischemia↗
PubMed1977

The close interrelationship between increased vascular retinal permeability and blood pressure level. Evidence from retinal fluorangiography.

A long-term study was done by means of interative fluorangiography on microvascular retinal permeability versus the blood pressure control carried out in 11 patients with a diastolic blood pressure of greater than or equal to 130 mm Hg and with retinal exudates, haemorrhages and oedema. No matter what the original disease was (i.e., essential, renovascular, endocrine hypertension or chronic nephropathy with terminal renal failure) the increased permeability appeared to be critically connected with the blood pressure level. Our results confirm that hypertension per se might be the cause of vascular permeability changes.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diode laser photocoagulation of choroidal neovascular membranes.

BACKGROUND: Krypton or argon laser treatment of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) has been shown to be effective in reducing the incidence of severe visual loss. The usefulness of diode laser in the treatment of many chorioretinal disorders is currently under evaluation. METHODS: Our study involved 42 eyes of 41 patients affected with CNV which were treated with a near infrared diode laser. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 10.12 months. Visual acuity improved in 12 eyes (28.6%), did not change in 17 eyes (40.5%) and worsened in 13 eyes (30.2%). Mean visual acuity before treatment was 0.23 and 0.21 after treatment. Recurrent CNV was seen in 13 eyes. In a subgroup of 24 well-defined juxtafoveal or extrafoveal CNVs which underwent direct photocoagulation visual acuity improved in 8 eyes (33.3%), was unchanged in 11 (45.8%) and worsened in 5 (20.9%). Five eyes showed recurrent CNV. CONCLUSIONS: Our results appear to support the use of diode laser in the treatment of CNVs. The deeper penetration into the choriocapillaris of the diode wavelength could be effective in blocking CNV by inducing a more extensive chorioretinal atrophy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diode laser photocoagulation of choroidal hemangioma.

BACKGROUND: The argon laser photocoagulation has recently become the treatment of choice in choroidal hemangioma. We evaluated the efficacy of the near infrared wavelength diode laser in the treatment of such tumours. This wavelength is not highly absorbed by the retinal pigment epithelium and penetrates deep into the choroid. METHODS: Two cases of choroidal haemangioma with a serous detachment of the neural retina were diagnosed with ophthalmoscopy, fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, A-scan and B-scan ultrasonography and treated with a surface photocoagulation with a diode laser. The efficacy of photocoagulation was evaluated three, six, twelve and fifteen months after laser treatment. RESULTS: The resorption of the subretinal fluid and a reduction in thickness of the tumour followed laser photocoagulation. CONCLUSIONS: Diode lasers might be effective in the treatment of choroidal haemangioma.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Occurrence of full-thickness macular hole complicating Stargardt disease with ABCR mutation.

PURPOSE: To report an unusual episode of full-thickness macular hole complicating Stargardt disease with an ABCR mutation. METHODS: Case report . RESULTS: Fundus examination of a 20-year-old healthy man showed typical fundus manifestation with yellowish-round or fish-like flecks associated with vitreous macular adhesion and a round punched-out area in the right eye. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) illustrated a full-thickness macular hole. Molecular genetic examination of the ABCR gene showed two heterozygous missense mutations: R1108C (CGC-->TGC) in exon 22 and a splicing mutation IVS6--> 1GT - described in the literature in association with Stargardt disease. CONCLUSIONS: Macular hole was once described in other inherited retinal degenerations (Best disease and Bietti crystal line retinopathy). The pathogenesis gives rise to a host of speculations: widespread alteration of the retinal pigment epithelium; inflammatory mechanisms; a minor trauma which might cause subretinal fibrosis. Surgical procedures were not performed on our patient after his ophthalmologic history and findings were considered.

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quality of vision: A consensus building initiative for a new ophthalmologic concept.

PURPOSE: Many studies have addressed the quantification of visual acuity, and the conventional method of measuring it has so far demonstrated serious limitations. Vision testing requires new methods that can more precisely express the quality of vision as perceived by the patient. METHODS: This study employed the Delphi method of consensus building. Concepts associated with quality of vision (QoV) were identified by a board of experts and proposed to participating specialists in two subsequent questionnaires. Upon receipt of the completed questionnaires, the replies were classified to determine the building blocks of a consensus. RESULTS: By analyzing the replies to the two questionnaires, the authors determined the key elements of QoV on which a consensus was found among the respondents. CONCLUSIONS: A consensus was reached on the opinion that the quantification of visual acuity by traditional means is inadequate for investigating QoV. Although visual acuity is still a basic element for testing, the experts believe that contrast sensitivity, reading speed, and microperimetry are additional parameters necessary for quantifying QoV. The use of a psychometric questionnaire on visual function could allow a better interpretation of visual impairment.

Consensus↗