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Biomedical subjects

U Rüger

Publications and source records attributed to U Rüger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Psychological stress and neuronal plasticity. An expanded model of the stress reaction process as the basis for understand central nervous system adaptation processes].

A short survey on results and theories in psychosomatic and neurobiologic stress research is presented. Based on a comprehensive definition of the stress-reaction process, the biological and psychological consequences are described which are elicited by either controllable or uncontrollable stress. We conclude that controllable stress triggers the stabilization and facilitation of neuronal networks involved in the generation of appropriate patterns of appraisal and coping, whereas uncontrollable stress favours the extinction of inappropriate patterns and the reorganisation of neuronal connections underlying certain inappropriate behaviors. Both, controllable an uncontrollable stress-reaction-processes are therefore essential prerequisites of, and inherent challenges to, the development and adaptation of an individual in an ever changing external world but may also lead to psychodevelopmental failures and psychosomatic diseases.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1996

[Psychodynamic and coping processes in patients with physical illnesses].

Psychodynamic and coping processes in patients with somatic diseases are described on the background of clinical case examples. Here the connection between coping and defending is discussed whereby the special characteristics of somatic disease are taken into consideration. The secondary function, which a somatic disease can gain in an intrapsychic balance system which was already in a weak or dysregulated state is also discussed. Finally the role of social support in coping with somatic diseases is described. From this different therapeutic consequences for patients with somatic diseases are derived.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

[Structure and structural disorder].

One of the central tasks of psychodynamic diagnosis, next to determining intrapsychic conflicts, central relational patterns, and subjective forms of experiencing is assessing the psychic structure or the structural disorder. This article develops the structure term from object relationship theoretical, ego-psychological, and self-psychological concepts of psychoanalysis. This "Structure of the self in the relationship to others" thus obtained is described with six structural criteria (self-perception, self-control, defence, object perception, communication, attachment). In order to be able to distinguish the extent and the quality of structural disorders four structure levels of integration based on psychoanalytic experience in the out-patient and the in-patient setting are differentiated. A basis for an operationalization is then made; it is made in the system OPD (Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics). First studies regarding practicalibility and reliability are promising.

Communication↗
PubMed1994

[The psychosomatic aspects and results of rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgia].

The results of an empirical study on psychosomatic aspects of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) are presented and discussed in the setting of previous concepts about rheumatoid arthritis. The patients investigated in the two disease groups represent an unselected population with regard to psychological abnormalities (from two internistic rheumatism outpatient clinics); the results can thus be considered to be representative and permit the following conclusions to be drawn: RA is not a psychosomatic disease in the strict sense; however, psychological factors must be adjudged to have a disease-modifying influence. FMS may be classified within the group of psychosomatic diseases, although it should be regarded as the final stage of a wide variety of different processes within the biological, psychological and social sphere.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluative psychotherapy research: clinical relevance of psychotherapy catamnesis].

In this article we will depict the relevance of follow-up studies for evaluative psychotherapy research. Follow-up studies distinguish themselves from pure result studies in that they are clinically more meaningful as they examine the stability of psychotherapy results over a longer period of therapy-free time. The special methodical problems of follow-up studies are discussed and the minimal essentials for the research design of such studies are called for.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1994

[Inclusion of the family in inpatient psychotherapy].

In many cases today successful psychotherapy does not seem to be conceivable without inclusion of the patient's family in the treatment. After a review of the literature the families' perception of the in-patient psychotherapy of one of their members, their transference-patterns towards the ward team, the typical counter-transference responses of the team to the family, indications and counter-indications to family therapy sessions as well as role-conflicts of the therapists are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

["The most ill go into psychoanalytic treatment"? Critical comments on an article in Report Psychologie].

Thomas and Schmitz claim that they "deliver a proof for the effectiveness of humanistic methods" (p. 25) with their study. However, they did not or were not able to verify their claim due to several reasons: The authors did not say if and if so to what extent the treatments carried out within the framework of the TK-regulation were treatments using humanistic methods. The validity of the only criterium used by the authors, the average duration of the inability to work, must be questioned. The inferential statistical treatment of the data is insufficient; a non-parametrical evaluation is necessary. Especially missing are personal details concerning the treatment groups (age, sex, occupation, method, duration and frequency of therapy), which are indispensable for a differentiated interpretation. In addition there are numerous formal faults (wrong quotations, mistakes in tables, unclear terms etc.). In view of this criticism we come to the conclusion that the results are to a large degree worthless, at least until several of our objections have been refuted by further information and adequate inferential statistical methods. This study is especially unsuitable to prove a however defined "effectiveness of out-patient psychotherapies", therefore also not suitable to prove the effectiveness of those treatments conducted within the framework of the TK-regulation and especially not suitable to prove the superiority of humanistic methods in comparison with psychoanalytic methods and behavioural therapy.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1994

[Prognostic criteria of behavioral pain treatment in groups of patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

The effectiveness of behavior therapy programs for the treatment of pain of various origin can be regarded as proven. However, there is a general lack of information about prognostic and indication criteria. These questions were investigated by means of a controlled, cognitive-behavioral orientated clinical study on 79 patients with the certified diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. While our study was also able to prove short-term effectiveness for all patients, some exhibited regressive effects during the six-month follow-up period. A lack of regular practice and the presence of neurotic disorders were responsible for this instability. Patients who already have neurotic disorders prior to arthritis should accordingly be given more intensive psychotherapy. In this exceeding a standard-program psychotherapy can be dealt with the disease-related and other psychosocial problems and conflicts on an integrative basis.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

[Coping with depressive disorders].

Coping behavior was assessed in 40 depressed patients during their hospitalization and 2 months later. Patients completed an antidepressive activity questionnaire and were interviewed. External assessment and patient self-assessment showed significant differences between patients with monopolar or bipolar depressive disorders and those with neurotic/reactive disorders. Patients treated with antidepressants reported more frequent and effective coping behaviors. There is a fundamental difficulty in distinguishing differentiate between symptoms of depression and certain coping behaviors (eg withdrawal). Only a longitudinal analysis of individual cases could help us to differentiate.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1992

[Divergent locus of control in East and West German students].

A comparative study was carried out on the psychological situation of students in East and West Germany after the political changes of 1989. Results concerning the direction of the locus of control are reported. East german students show a higher internal and external locus of control. This, as internal attributions are concerned, unexpected constellation is discussed under aspects of the specific political situation, correlations with signs of adjustment disorders and possible inherent menace to the psychological equilibrium of the east german students.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Psychosomatic factors in idiopathic sudden deafness].

A clinical and psychological history of 27 patients suffering from sudden deafness was taken shortly after the onset of symptoms and 4 months later. Psychosocial factors seem to be important in the beginning of sudden deafness, but there was no specific conflict or personality pattern. Predictors of a good outcome are stable personal relations, emotionally balanced personality factors and a reduction of stress factors after the onset of symptoms. A tendency to addictive behaviour was of unfavourable prognostic significance.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

[7 years follow-up after termination of analytic group psychotherapy].

The results of a seven-year catamnestic, follow-up of a stationary-ambulant group psychotherapy are described. The further course and the stability of the treatment results are especially examined. Three case examples are looked at more closely individually on a quantitative and a qualitative basis using the statistical results of the entire group as a background.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Multi-axial diagnosis in psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy--a report of experiences].

A certain number of attempts to establish a multi-axial classification system in psychiatry go back to before the introduction of the DSM-III. Such diagnostic and classificatory attempts are almost totally lacking, however, in the fields of psychotherapy and psychosomatic medicine. This discussion presents and evaluates a multi-axial diagnostic and documentary system that has been under development and testing in the Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine at the University of Göttingen since 1986 as well as first empirical results from the year 1987. Results show that multi-axial diagnostics represent a useful and promising approach, particularly for psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Coping with illness in rheumatoid arthritis].

Rheumatoid arthritis, a lifelong chronic disease, creates serious psychosocial as well as medical problems. We investigated coping with rheumatoid arthritis in 50 patient. The examination of coping-strategies used by R. A.-patients seems to show no fundamental difference to the coping behavior of patients with other chronic diseases. Biomedical conditions of the disease (Rheumafactor sero-positiv, sero-negativ) are related to different coping-strategies. Patient without psychiatric problems have a better medical health condition and, compared to depressive R. A.-patient prefer more active and optimistic coping. However, the context between psychological well-being and health (before the onset of R. A.), coping, adjustment to illness, and course of the illness is unclear.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

[Influence of personality factors on the success of psychopharmacotherapy].

The influence exercised by personality factors on the course and success of drug therapy aimed at the treatment of mental diseases, as well as the therapeutic consequences resulting therefrom, are discussed in the case of patients with schizophrenic psychoses and endogenous depressions. Over and above this, special attention is paid to the importance of changes in the patient's life balance in the course of long-term treatment, and to the influence of such changes on the treatment course.

Adult↗