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Biomedical subjects

U Scherer

Publications and source records attributed to U Scherer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Liver and ovulation inhibitors. Effects on liver function of estrogen-progestagen containing steroid oral contraceptives].

Since introduction of oral contraceptive steroids a variety of physiologic-adaptive and toxic side effects have been reported. -a review is given. The study reports also four cases of hepatic vein thrombosis (Budd-Chiari-Syndrome--Venoocclusive disease) and three cases of benign hepatic tumors (liver cell adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia) in young women following 2- to 5-year treatment with oral contraceptive steroids.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1979

[Computerized tomography of the liver. Accuracy of the method in biopsy proven diagnoses (author's transl)].

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of computerized tomography (CT) in detecting liver disease, CT-findings of 320 patients examined with a slow CT-scanner (2.5 min scanning time/slice) could be compared to the results of bioptic procedures. Sensitivity was 81% for circumscript liver disease, specificity was 85%. In 69% of the cases, a type-specific diagnosis of circumscript liver diseases was possible, this percentage increased by 5% if patients with a true-positive differential diagnosis were included. 73% of the patients with liver metastases were correctly identified to have metastatic liver disease. Obstructive jaundice was correctly identified in 77% and correctly excluded in all patients with medical jaundice. For a large variety of hepatocellular disease, ratio of true positive diagnoses was 16% only. The value of CT in hepatocellular disease concerns exclusion of presumed space-occupying lesions. In a control group of 310 patients with only "clinically" and not bioptically confirmed diagnoses, specificity was 96% and sensitivity concerning focal liver disease was 82%. Our results prove CT to be a valuable non-invasive tool in the evaluation of circumscript liver disease.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1979

CT studies of the liver in vitro: a report on 82 cases with pathological correlation.

Eighty-two liver specimens were studied by both computed tomography (CT) and pathological examination with serial sectioning. In vitro CT studies showed low density structures within 57 normal livers to be due to portal and hepatic vessels but not to bile ducts. A liver with a minimum of 70% fatty infiltration could be diagnosed correctly on CT. Concerning the presence or absence of circumscribed liver disease, sensitivity was 80% and specificity was 84%. With respect to the total number of space occupying liver lesions (n = 364 in 18 specimens), sensitivity was 72%. The smallest metastases detectable on CT were 0.5 cm in diameter, but CT disclosed focal lesions of this small size in only 15% of the cases. In contrast to previously reported in vivo CT studies, metastases were often found to be of higher density than normal liver tissue in vitro.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMed1979

[Value of computerized tomography in diseases of liver and spleen].

A survey has been given regarding the position of the CT as a examination method of liver, gallbladder - bile duct system and spleen. A fast scanner of the third generation has been used and has been compared with results of a slow CT of the first generation.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1978

Computerized tomography and nuclear imaging of the liver: a comparative study in 83 cases.

This study was performed to comparatively assess the diagnostic accuracy of computerized tomography (CT) and nuclear liver-scanning in detecting and defining circumscript and diffuse liver diseases in 83 patients. Presence or absence of liver diseases was assessed based on the results of invasive diagnostic procedures such as biopsy, laparoscopy, laparotomy, and/or autopsy. The percentage of true negative diagnoses was 94% for CT and 91% for static gamma-imaging (n = 33). With a rate of 94% true positive diagnoses, CT proved to be superior to gamma imaging with radiocolloids (81% true positives) in diagnosing circumscript liver diseases (n = 31). In addition. CT was superior to nuclear imaging regarding discrimination of number and size of space-occupying lesions within the liver. In contrast to nuclear screening, CT scans were pathognomonic to some circumscript liver diseases such as cysts, metastases, and perhaps echinococciasis. This was also true for obstructive jaundice. Nuclear imaging, because it reflects a sort of liver function, was superior with cirrhosis, whereas CT showed only alterations in the size and shape of the liver and spleen.

Abscess↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography in hydatid disease of the liver: a report on 13 cases.

Computed tomography (CT) findings in hydatid disease (echinococciasis) of the liver are described. Disease was caused by Echinococcus granulosus (n = 8) or E. alveolaris (n = 5), respectively. The CT appearance of these two types of echinococciasis is quite different; in disease caused by E. granulosus the CT appearance is pathognomonic when cysts and daughter cysts surrounded by a capsula and peripheral calcification are discernible. In addition, the extent of organ involvement can be determined prior to surgical intervention. The CT appearance of E. alveolaris lesions may be indiscernible from malignant tumors.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1978

Diagnostic accuracy of CT in circumscript liver disease.

To evaluate the accuracy of CT in diagnosing circumscript liver disease, CT findings in 105 patients were compared to the results of invasive diagnostic procedures (laparoscopy, laparotomy, and autopsy). In all patients at least one of these procedures was performed in addition to CT. CT proved to be a valuable noninvasive method in detecting and differentiating circumscript liver lesions such us metastases, primary liver tumors, solitary cysts and polycystic disease, abscesses, and echinococciasis. The 10% rate of false positive and false negative diagnoses indicates the limitations of the method.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1977

[The informative value of diagnostic methods in chronic headache. A study of 112 cases (author's transl)].

A thorough neurological diagnostic investigation was carried out in 112 patients with chronic headache existing for an average of 14 years, using a case history questionnaire we had designed for the purpose. Apart from the history and clinical examination, the program included X-ray negatives, angiography, computer tomography, sequence scanning, electroencephalogram and echoencephalogram. Migraine was the most common diagnosis (54.5%). Three cases in which admission to a ward was necessary for more detailed examination are described and demonstrated with reference to neuroradiological illustrative material.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Computerised tomography of the trunk-a first report (author's transl)].

One thousand patients have been examined with the body scanner and a preliminary report is presented on the value of this method in the examination of abdomen and the thorax. Unlike other radiological procedures, computerised tomography is often able to demonstrate disease states directly and not only as a result of their effect on neighbouring structures. It provides a non-invasive means for achieving a diagnosis, for therapy planning and for control of treatment of space-occupying lesions within the trunk. Its role can only be defined after a systematic comparision with conventional diagnostic procedures.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

[Special indications for using the whole body scanner (author's transl)].

In addition to the role of the body scanner in the diagnosis of diseases of the body cavity and parenchymal organs, the authors review the scope and indications for using whole body computer tomography in special situations. Examples are given of its use in the diagnosis of tumours in the vicinity of the skull base, in the orbits, the facial skeleton, soft tissue tumours, bone diseases and CT-controlled biopsies.

Adult↗