[Sensitivity of rheophoresis compared to other immunoprecipitation methods].
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Blood Proteins↗
Biomedical subjects
U Sugg
Publications and source records attributed to U Sugg.
On the problems of efficacy of separation of IgM and IgG by different methods.
Using ultracentrifugation, gel filtration, and ion exchange, an attempt was made to completely separate immunoglobulin IgM and IgG present in pooled human serum of blood group O. The quality of separation was studied by testing IgG fractions for the presence of IgM by a sensitive detection method. It is demonstrated by rheophoresis that small amounts of IgM always remain detectable in the IgG fraction. This is of clinical importance because conclusions on the presence of specific antibody of different Ig classes are usually drawn under the assumption of complete separation. The control of the efficacy of the separation process using a sensitive detection method for Ig of different classes is recommended.
Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
Detection of HBeAg and anti-HBe in acute hepatitis B by a sensitive radioimmunoassay.
A solid-phase radioimmunoassay using anti-HBe-coated polysterence beads and iodine-125-labeled anti-HBe of human origin was developed for the detection of HBeAg. Anti-HBe could be determined by a blocking test. Both assays were about 500-fold more sensitive than immunodiffusion. Few nonspecific positive results for HBeAg could be recognized in the anti-HBe test by increase in cpm over that of the negative control. HBeAg was not found in acute hepatitis A and non A-non B hepatitis or in a control group of accident patients. On admission to the hospital 12 of 48 (25%) acute hepatitis B patients from Greece and 17 of 20 (85%) acute hepatitis B patients from Germany were HBeAg-positive. All 39 initially HBeAg negative sera were already anti-HBe positive. Tests of the acute stage and follow-up sera of the 20 German patients indicated that HBeAg is regularly present in the incubation period and early acute phase of hepatitis B. After onset of disease the antigen is cleared from the serum very rapidly in uncomplicated cases and is usually followed by the appearance of anti-HBe. Like anti-HBc, anti-HBe can serve as a tool for the diagnosis of hepatitis B after the disappearance of HBsAg.
Acute Disease↗
[Frequency of hepatitis A antibodies in populations of various European countries].
Using a solid phase radioimmunoassay, prevalence of anti-HA was determined in sera of 661 German patients treated following accidents, 70 persons born in Mediterranean countries and 175 persons from Lillehammer, Norway. In Germany (55% positive) an increase in prevalence of anti-HA from 13% in the group below 20 years of age to 92% in persons over 49 was noted. This and further data suggest that after infection anti-HA is detectable for life. Persons from Norway (17% positive) aged below 40 years had a low prevalence of anti-HA (4-10%), whereas even young persons from Mediterranean countries (81% positive) hat antibody in about 80% of cases. Prevalence rates in different age groups suggest a remarkable decrease in incidence of hepatitis A infection over the last three decades in Germany. This results in a rise in the mean age at which hepatitis A infection is acquired and high morbidity during travel abroad. Only one of 10 hepatitis A infections appears to produce clinical disease. Young anti-HA positive individuals exhibit higher titers on average than older ones.
Adult↗
[Prospective study in posttransfusion hepatitis in patients with open heart surgery (author's transl)].
In a prospective study in posttransfusion hepatitis 54 patients with open heart surgery received 220 blood units which were negative for HBS Ag by radioimmunoassay. 15 of these units contained anti-HBS and were given to 13 antibody negative patients. In a half year follow up period neither clinical nor biochemical (SGOT, SGPT, gamma-GT) signs of hepatitis could be found in these patients and neither HBS Ag nor anti-HBS developed. At the same time a screening for HBS Ag of hospital staff in contact with these patients revealed no carrier of the antigen. Therefore, the lack of any hepatitis in our relatively small study group may be attributable to two facts: the relative safety of blood screened by highly sensitive methods for the detection of HBS Ag and the noninfectious environment of these patients in the hospital during the observation period.
Adolescent↗
[Prevalence of hepatitis B antibody in blood donors from south-western Germany (author's transl)].
Hepatitis B antibody could be demonstrated in 101 (8,7 percent) of 1157 sera of blood donors from the Tübingen area by passive hemagglutination. The prevalence of antibody in this population is similar to the prevalence in volunteer blood donors of New York and Chicago and 4-5 times as high as in blood donors from Lillehammer/Norway. The percentage of antibody-positive donors is very dependent on age and increased from 5 per cent in donors less than 20 years of age to 17 per cent in donors 50-59 years of age. No significant difference in the prevalence of antibody was noted between male and female donors and donors of different occupations. However, persons working in the medical field exhibited an increased percentage of antibody carriers (17 per cent).
Adolescent↗
Half life of transfused anti-HBs.
During a prospective study in post transfusion hepatitis 222 blood units were given to 55 patients who underwent open heart surgery. Eleven of these blood units contained anti-HBs titered higher than 1:128 by passive hemagglutination and were given to 10 patients previously negative for anti-HBs. Eight of these 10 patients showed anti-HBs in the first serum sample obtained usually one to three days after surgery and a continuous decline in titre was noted at later bleedings until antibodies were no longer detectable 2 to 20 weeks after transfusion. In four patients from whom regular blood samples were available the half life of passively acquired anti-HBs was determined to be between 23 and 28 days. In two patients with serum anti-HBs before blood transfusion no change in antibody titre was noted over a period of six months.
Antibodies↗