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Biomedical subjects

U Ulmsten

Publications and source records attributed to U Ulmsten.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The frequency of disorders of the lower urinary tract, urinary incontinence in particular, as evaluated by a questionnaire survey in a gynecological health control population.

Four thousand four hundred women were examined under the gynecological health control program in Malmö municipality during a period of 11 months. Nine hundred and forty-four (21 per cent) reported that they were troubled by disorders of the urinary tract. These women were given copies of a separate questionnaire, which was subsequently properly answered by 512 women. Of these, 321 (62.7 per cent) indicated urinary incontinence. From the questionnaire alone, it was difficult to characterize the different types of urinary incontinence in the patients. Thus only 42 women (8.2 per cent) seemed to suffer from genuine stress incontinence and 34 women (6.6 per cent) from genuine urge incontinence, whereas 245 (47.9 per cent) had to be characterized as "mixed incontinence". Hence, it is obvious that in several patients suffering from urinary incontinence, written or combined written and oral interviews to not produce a clear-cut diagnosis and that the etiology and treatment of incontinence in these patients may be uncertain. It is concluded that interviews with most patients suffering from urinary incontinence must be supplemented by objective recordings before a definitive diagnosis and treatment can be prescribed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The effect of danazol on the human female urethra.

The urethral pressure profile was recorded, at rest and under stress, from six women in fertile age, before and at the end of an eight-week treatment during which the probands received daily doses of 600 mg of Danazol. Only moderate decrease in maximum urethral pressure was established, at rest, though oestrogen production was markedly reduced. Reduction in transmission of intra-abdominal pressure to the urethra was registered under stress, but urethral closure pressure remained positive in all subjects. Bladder pressure and functional length of the urethra were almost unaffected. Danazol treatment does not seem to jeopardize maintenance of urinary continence in young females.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Urodynamic studies in normal pregnancy and in puerperium.

Fourteen primiparas (11 pregnant for the first time, and three with a history of one abortion) were examined during pregnancy to elucidate changes in parameters of importance of maintenance of urinary continence. Urethral pressure profile measurements and simultaneous urethrocystometry were carried out in the beginning of pregnancy (weeks 12 to 16), in the thirty-eighth week, and 5 to 7 days after delivery. Both the absolute and functional lengths of the urethra were found to increase throughout pregnancy by median values of 6.7 and 4.8 mm, respectively. Also, the maximum urethral pressure increased gradually during pregnancy, returning within 1 week after delivery to almost the same value as at the beginning of pregnancy. The urethral closure pressure also increased throughout pregnancy. Thus, the results of the investigation revealed that the physiologic changes which took place within the urethra during pregnancy were to advantage from standpoint of maintaining continence.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Preparation, characterization, and stability of new prostaglandin E2 gel for local administration.

A new gel delivery system for the local application of prostaglandin E2 consists of drug incorporated in the matrix of a cross-linked starch polymer. The properties of the starch powder provide a stabilizing milieu for the labile prostaglandin E2 and, by addition of saline, a ready-to-use gel for immediate local administration. The gel offers advantages over existing preparations in terms of chemical and microbiological stability, homogeneity, and dosage safety. This report outlines the pharmaceutical aspects involved in the development of the delivery system.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1980

Urethrocystometry as a routine method for the objective evaluation of women with urinary incontinence.

Over a 2-year period, 401 patients with urinary incontinence were examined at the Women's Clinics in Lund and Malmö and then investigated by urethral pressure profile measurement and simultaneous urethrocystometry. After full investigation the patients could be classified as follows: 214 (53.4%) had genuine stress incontinence, 48 (12.0%) had genuine urge incontinence, 41 (10.2%) had mixed incontinence, 20 (5.0%) had urgency-frequency, 6 (1.5%) had neurogenic incontinence, 9 (2.2%) had incontinence of uncertain aetiology, and 63 (15.7%) of the patients were apparently continent with normal urethral pressure profiles and urethrocystometrograms.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1980

Treatment of premature labor with the calcium antagonist nifedipine.

The effect of the calcium antagonist nifedipine on premature labor was investigated in ten carefully selected patients. The main aim of treatment was to inhibit uterine activity and delivery for 3 days during which time fetal lung maturation was accelerated by glucocorticoid treatment. In all 10 patients, uterine activity was abolished during the 3 days of treatment and delivery was also postponed. No serious maternal side effects were observed. All children were delivered in good condition. All survived and were alive and well at 1 year.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Clinical experiences with a new gel for intracervical application of prostaglandin E2 before therapeutic abortion or induction of term labor.

A new gel for intracervical application of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been elaborated and evaluated. The main component of the gel is a cross-linked starch polymer to which prostaglandins can be added and preserved for long-term storage (> 12 months). In a double blind study, 20 patients requiring legal abortion in late first trimester were given gel containing 0.25 mg PGE2 or gel without PGE2. The gel was applied within the cervical canal. In all patients receiving PGE2-gel, a rapid ripening of the cervix occurred which facilitated the subsequent dilatation and evacuation. In patients receiving gel without PGE2 cervix did not ripen. In a subsequent open study, 30 patients were treated with PGE2-gel before therapeutic abortion. The same degree of cervical ripening was registered as for the patients receiving PGE2-gel in the double blind study. In 50 patients at term, intracervical application of 3 ml gel containing 0.05 mg PGE2 induced labor in 27 cases, i.e. 54 per cent of the patients. In the remaining undelivered women, a prominent cervical ripening occurred within 24 hours. No side effects of the treatment were observed. We conclude the new PGE2-gel to be a promising future alternative in the treatment of patients with an unfavorable cervix, prior to surgical evacuation of the uterus in late first trimester abortion, as well as before induction of labor at term.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1980

Terodiline inhibition of human bladder contraction. Effects in vitro and in women with unstable bladder.

Terodiline, a drug with anticholinergic and calcium antagonistic properties, effectively relaxed carbachol-contracted, isolated human bladder preparations. In the concentrations used, terodiline displaced to the right the concentration-response curve obtained on cumulative addition of carbachol. The maximum response was slightly reduced only at the highest terodiline concentration used (5 microM), suggesting a mainly competitive antimuscarinic effect. Nine patients, aged 12--78 years, suffering from urge urinary incontinence were investigated by simultaneous urethro-cystometry before and after treatment with terodiline 12.5 mg twice or three times daily for 10 days. The patients reported subjective improvement with almost no side effects. Objectively, the number of uninhibited bladder contractions and the amplitude of the contractions decreased. The bladder capacity was almost doubled. There were no marked effects on bladder and urethral pressures at rest, and only two of the investigated patients had slight residual urine after treatment. The results suggest that terodiline is a promising alternative to existing drugs for inhibition of undesired detrusor activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

A double-blind, cross-over study of the effects of terodiline in women with unstable bladder.

In a double-blind, cross-over study, the effects of terodiline were evaluated in 12 women with motor urge incontinence. The patients were investigated by simultaneous urethro-cystometry before and after treatment fo 2-week periods with placebo and terodiline 12.5 mg twice daily. The effects on subjective symptoms were also assessed. In all patients but one, terodiline increased the bladder capacity and also the bladder volume at which urgency was experienced. No effects on the urethral pressure profile or residual urine were found. Subjective improvement was reported by all but one of the patients. Placebo treatment had no effect on the measured parameters or on the subjective symptoms. No side effects were reported during any of the treatment periods. --It is concluded that terodiline can be used for treatment of female motor urge incontinence, and that it is a promising alternative to drugs presently used for this disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Incidence of thrombosis after gynecologic surgery evaluated by an improved 125I-fibrinogen uptake test.

Two hundred and seventy-six women over 50 years of age who had gynecologic surgery were followed postoperatively with the 125I-fibrinogen uptake test (125I-FUT) to detect deep venous thrombosis (DVT). By using a newly devised technique based on conventional 125I-FUT, the exact depth of thrombi could be determined. The correlation between the results with our new technique and those from phlebography was almost 100%. Forty-seven (17%) of the women developed DVT postoperatively, 60% of them occurring in the calf muscle veins. Patients subjected to abdominal hysterectomies for malignant diseases had the highest incidence of DVT (36%), whereas those operated on for benign diseases with the same technique had the lowest (11%). Patients operated on for uterine prolapse had an intermediate DVT frequency of 15% but advanced age and estrogens given preoperatively increased the frequency. Neither the type of anesthesia (epidural or general), nor the duration of the operation, significantly influence the incidence of DVT in this study.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

A method for determination of the depth of thrombi after injection of fibrinogen labelled with iodine 125.

By using a specific characteristic of 125I decay, the depth of thrombi located in the lower limb could be determined. Twelve thrombi in nine patients were studied with the method and their localization was in all cases confirmed by phlebography and clinical examination. The results of the phlebograms were in good agreement with those of the 125I-fibrinogen method. The present method offers a promising alternative to phlebography in the diagnosis of postoperative thrombosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Treatment of labor pain with locally applied ketocaine.

Ketocaine, a new local anesthetic drug, was used for treatment of referred pain during labor. In a randomized, double-blind manner, fifty primigravidae received compresses containing either ketocaine in a 10 per cent ethanol solution or compresses with saline (placebo). The compresses were applied to the skin areas where the patient experienced the most intense pain. Nineteen of the 25 patients receiving ketocaine compresses reported good or moderate pain relief for an average of 2.5 h (range 1--5 h). These patients had a mean cervical dilatation of 3 cm (range 2--5 cm). In patients without effect of the compresses, the cervix was dilated to a mean of 6 cm (range 5--8 cm). In patient reporting good effect of the treatment, pains were located mainly to the back. Only six of the 25 patients receiving placebo compresses obtained relief of pain. The effect ceased immediately upon removal of the compresses. There was no relation between pain relief and the degree of cervical dilatation, or localization of the pain. No maternal or fetal side-effects related to the treatment were registered.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Local application of ketocaine for treatment of referred pain in primary dysmenorrhea.

In a randomized, double-blind cross-over study the effect on referred pain of the local anesthetic, ketocaine, was evaluated in 23 women suffering from primary dysmenorrhea. Ketocaine was administered in compresses containing 1 g ketocaine in a 10 per cent ethanol solution. The investigation comprised two consecutive menstrual periods. During one, the patient received ketocaine compresses, and during the other placebo compresses, i.e. compresses without ketocaine. The compresses were applied to the skin area where the patient experienced the most intense pain. When receiving ketocaine compresses, 19 of the 23 patients reported good or moderate pain relief. The effect was recognized within 30 to 60 minutes and lasted for a mean of 3 hours (range 1.5--5 h). Only four of the patients reported relief of pain when receiving placebo compresses. This effect ceased when the compresses were removed. No general side effects were registered. However, erythema at the site of compress application was more often observed after ketocaine than after placebo compresses.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1980

Early diagnostic signs in the development of a fallopian tube carcinoma.

A woman is presented in whom cellular atypia and signs of abnormal fibrinolysis in a jet washing caused persistent suspicion of malignancy after a benign curettage. Nearly 3 years later a fallopian tube carcinoma was diagnosed. The value of determination of biological markers of neoplasia in addition to the cytologic interpretation of uterine fluid is emphasized.

Adenocarcinoma↗