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U Vainio

Publications and source records attributed to U Vainio.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Association of alcohol consumption and Helicobacter pylori infection in young adulthood and early middle age among patients with gastric complaints. A case-control study on Finnish conscripts, officers and other military personnel.

There is growing evidence that Helicobacter pylori is responsible for a variety of gastric and duodenal changes which can eventually lead to stomach cancer. Little is known about risk factors for H. pylori infection. We re-analyzed the association of alcohol with H. pylori positivity in 451 conscripts, officers and other military personnel endoscoped due to gastric complaints in the Central Military Hospital of Finland in 1987 and 1988. Serology and culture were done in all patients. Alcohol consumption histories were obtained by use of a self-administered questionnaire. We observed a high odds ratio (OR) of H. pylori infection among young adults who were heavy alcohol consumers compared to non-drinkers (OR 5.32, 95% confidence interval: 1.09-25.95). There was evidence of a dose response when heavy and moderate drinkers were compared to non-drinkers (Mantel-Haenszel chi 2 for trend, p = 0.02) in young adulthood. A subgroup of young respondents who reported drinking all classes of alcohol (including hard liquor) showed an even stronger association and more significant dose-response. Multivariate techniques revealed a qualitative interaction of alcohol with H. pylori positivity in different age groups and among old people an inverse association of H. pylori and alcohol consumption was observed. These findings, if confirmed independently, might have implications for preventing a variety of gastric and duodenal lesions, since they allow identification of high risk groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Role of metronidazole resistance in therapy of Helicobacter pylori infections.

Susceptibility to metronidazole was determined by disk diffusion tests for 559 strains of Helicobacter pylori isolated from patients. The overall metronidazole resistance was 26%. In males metronidazole-resistant strains made 18% of all H. pylori strains, and in females the corresponding figure was 40% (P less than 0.001). MICs of metronidazole were determined for H. pylori strains from 86 patients undertaking triple therapy, i.e., treatment with colloidal bismuth subcitrate, amoxicillin, and metronidazole. Of the nonresponders who remained culture positive despite the therapy, 69% had strains with metronidazole MICs of greater than or equal to 32 micrograms/ml before the therapy, and all nonresponders had metronidazole-resistant strains after the therapy. Metronidazole resistance was, however, also found in 27% of responders before therapy. To find whether the MICs of metronidazole for H. pylori strains remained constant for longer periods, consecutive isolates sampled several years apart from the same patients were tested in parallel and no changes in the MICs were found. H. pylori was successfully eradicated by the triple therapy from 91% of patients with metronidazole-susceptible pretreatment strains and from 63% of patients with metronidazole-resistant strains before the therapy (P less than 0.01). Although resistance to metronidazole has a significant role in treatment failures in H. pylori infections, high eradication rates can be achieved with the use of the present triple therapy even in populations with a high overall metronidazole resistance rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Arthroplasty of the knee joint. With special reference to complications.

Ninety-one arthroplasties of the knee joint--all performed by the same orthopaedic surgeon, were followed for from 6 months to 6 years (mean 3.5 years). At the time of the primary operation the mean age of the patients, most of whom had rheumatoid arthritis, was 60 years. The prostheses most often used were the Geomedic, the modular and the polycentric. The most consistently good results were achieved with the Geomedic prosthesis. The primary arthroplasty failed in 16 knees (17.6%); deep infections developed in four knees (4.4%). In three knees the prosthesis fractured and in two knees the supporting bone fractured. All these fractures occurred in the medial compartment of the knee joint. Loosening of the prosthesis--with or without concomitant infection or fracture of the prosthesis--was the most common local complication (nine knees). Reoperations were performed, during the follow-up period reported on here, on all knees in which complications developed, except one. Eight knees, about 9%, required arthrodesis. In six knees the prosthesis was replaced, and one knee was treated by arthrotomy and closed irrigation. The four deep infections resolved during the follow-up period--one after arthrodesis of the joint and one after arthrotomy and closed irrigation. In the other two knees with deep infection the prosthesis was replaced.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Treatment of acute gouty arthritis with proquazone and indomethacin. A comparative, double-blind trial.

Eighteen patients (11 men and 7 women) suffering from primary or secondary gout, were treated with either proquazone or indomethacin for acute attacks in a double-blind study. There were 9 patients in each treatment group. A marked improvement of clinical symptoms appeared in 2-3 days. In the proquazone group, complete remission was achieved in 6 patients, a good result in one, and a slight improvement in one patient, whereas one patient did not respond to treatment. The corresponding figures for the indomethacin group were 4 cases with complete remission, 4 with a good result, and one not responding to treatment. A significant decrease in s-uric acid values was noted in the proquazone group. In this group too, mild gastrointestinal symptoms appeared in 2 patients.

Acute Disease↗