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U Vogt

Publications and source records attributed to U Vogt.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Amplification of erbB-4 oncogene occurs less frequently than that of erbB-2 in primary human breast cancer.

ErbB-4 protein is a recently discovered member of the ErbB family. The role of ErbB-4 protein in mammary-gland tissue has not been definitively established. To date, the expression of erbB-4 in breast tissue has been determined in only a few cases and, to the best of our knowledge, its amplification has not been examined. We therefore used the double differential polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) for determination of the amplification profile of erbB-4 and erbB-2, another gene from the ErbB family, in human primary breast cancer specimens. We examined the amplification of the genes in 20 normal breasts and 176 invasive breast cancer samples. Amplification of erbB-2 was detected in 19% and erbB-4 in 13% of the samples studied. Co-amplification of the two oncogenes was found in only five out of 176 samples. Human breast cancer-derived cell lines in most cases overexpress both erbB-2 and erbB-4 (Beerli et al., 1995. Mol. Cell Biol. 15, 6496-6505; Han et al., 1995. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 9747-9751), but data on separate erbB-2 overexpression, without overexpression of erbB-4, were also reported (Wosikowski et al., 1997. Clin. Cancer Res. 3, 2405-2414). At the gene level, we found that co-amplification of the genes in the case of human breast cancer is rare. Moreover, an inverse association of the erbB-4 amplification with estrogen receptor activity and direct correlation with the tumor size were found. Due to these correlations, erbB-4 oncogene amplification can be assumed to be of prognostic or predictive value in the diagnosis of breast cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Spatial and temporal visual filtering in patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

PURPOSE: To investigate the spatial and temporal response characteristics in patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OHT), in order to demonstrate the earliest specific measure of vision loss and to elucidate the precise mechanism of early glaucomatous damage. METHODS: The Open Optical View System was used to assess changes in spatial and temporal vision in patients with clearly defined glaucoma (30 eyes), patients with OHT (30 eyes) and 30 eye-matched normal control eyes. The psychophysical methods applied were developed by Barber and Ruddock, who showed that the responses called ST1 and ST2 have similar characteristics to those found in the parvocellular and magnocellular pathway respectively. The measurement of spatial and temporal responses rests upon the measurement of a target that moves across a background, itself modulated spatially (gratings) and temporally (flicker). RESULTS: The results reported, taken together with the current data on retinal ganglion cell function, reveal damage to both the parvocellular and magnocellular pathway in patients with glaucoma. In the OHT groups only marginal changes were found in the parvocellular response, but significant changes in the magnocellular response. In both OHT and glaucoma, the temporal processing shows greatest abnormalities at a small number of low flicker frequencies. CONCLUSION: We provide psychophysical evidence of the detectable ganglion cell damage in patients with OHT who remain normal on testing with automated perimetry. The psychophysical method chosen (which measures the function of specific sub-divisions of the visual pathway) may prove useful in screening for glaucomatous damage.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Nucleotide substitution in the 5' flanking region of D1S80 locus.

We have analyzed a mutation responsible for a Hinf I polymorphism of the D1S80 system by Taq dye deoxy terminator cycle sequencing. A G-T transversion at the 58th nucleotide from the 5' end of the forward primer was identified. This mutation has been firmly established by the restriction enzymes. The type G was digested with Hinf I but not with Tsp 509 I. Conversely, the type T was digested with Tsp 509 I but not with Hinj I. We applied this technique to analyze D1S80 system in German and Japanese populations. In the Japanese population, the type T frequencies were much lower than those in the German population, and the type T was almost exclusively observed in the allele 24.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Human orosomucoid polymorphism: molecular basis of the three common ORM1 alleles, ORM1*F1, ORM1*F2, and ORM1*S.

The human orosomucoid (ORM) is controlled by two closely linked loci, ORM1 and ORM2, and two tandem genes, AGP1 and AGP2, encoding the proteins produced by the two loci, have been cloned. In this study the molecular basis of ORM1 polymorphism was investigated. For the detection of mutations the products of the six exons of each gene, amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), were screened by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. Subsequently, the exons with an altered migration pattern were gene-specifically amplified by nested PCR. Sequencing of the gene-specific PCR products showed that the three common ORM1 alleles result from A-->G transitions at the codons for amino acid positions 20 in exon 1 and 156 in exon 5 of the AGP1 gene: ORM1*F1 was characterized by CAG (Gln) and GTG (Val), ORM1*F2, by CAG (Gln) and ATG (Met), and ORM1*S, by CGG (Arg) and GTG (Val). The phylogenesis of the genes encoding these three ORM1 alleles is discussed.

Alleles↗
PubMed1996

Genotyping of the ABO blood group system: analysis of nucleotide position 802 by PCR-RFLP and the distribution of ABO genotypes in a German population.

Genotypes of the ABO blood group system were studied by PCR-RFLP analysis of the eight polymorphic nucleotide positions (nps) 261, 467, 526, 646, 703, 796, 802 and 803 of the cDNA from A transferase. In 169 unrelated German individuals, 17 genotypes were found and the calculated allele frequencies of A(Pro), A(Leu), B, O(T), O(A) and O2 were 0.2130, 0.0770, 0.0473, 0.4260, 0.2160 and 0.0207, respectively. These frequency data may provide useful additional information for disputed paternity and stain testing. A variant O allele, O2, was fout at a polymorphic frequency. As the nucleotide (np 261) of the O2 allele is the same as that of A and B alleles, the analysis of at least three nucleotide positions, i.e. nps 261, 526 and 802, is necessary to avoid mistyping of the ABO genotype.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1996

[Pseudo-esophagitis in antacid abuse].

The case of a patient with diffuse white furs in the whole esophagus is described. Esophagoscopy was suggestive of the presence of a wide-spread Candida esophagitis. The histologic and cultural examinations excluded Candida esophagitis and did not show unequivocal pathologic alterations. Detailed anamnestic exploration revealed a long existing distinct abuse of an antacid. After discontinuation of the antacid-intake a control gastroscopy was done 4 months later showing completely normal mucosa and disappearance of all furs. The present case demonstrates that antacidum intake must be encountered as differential diagnosis of esophageal white plaques.

Antacids↗
PubMed1995

Double-differential PCR for gene dosage estimation of erbB oncogenes in benign and cancer tissues and comparison to cellular DNA content.

Competitive and differential quantitative PCR methods circumvent the limiting factors of PCR which cause poor reproducibility. We describe the development and performance evaluation of another quantitative PCR method, double-differential PCR (ddPCR). The ddPCR method comprises the co-amplification of the single-copy gene HBB, the erbB-1, erbB-2 and erbB-3 oncogenes and the second single-copy reference gene SOD2 under equal reaction conditions. The ratio of band intensities of the PCR products in silver-stained polyacrylamide gels expresses the average gene copy number (AGCN) per cell of the erbB oncogenes. The coefficient of variability (CV) was less than 25% for an AGCN of 1. The PCR data were in correlation to the results from dot blotting. DNA image analysis did not reveal any correlation between DNA content and gene dosage deviation of the erbB oncogenes. The method was applied to normal breast tissue, benign breast diseases, breast cancer tissue and lymph node metastases. We suggest this method as being reproducible, low cost and rapid, and therefore suitable for clinical studies on erbB oncogene dosage estimation.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Prognostic relevance of aberrations in the erbB oncogenes from breast, ovarian, oral and lung cancers: double-differential polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) for clinical diagnosis.

We have determined the average gene copy numbers (AGCN) of the erbB-1 gene, encoding the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), the erbB-2 and the erbB-3 genes in breast, ovarian, oral, and lung cancer tissue by using double-differential PCR (ddPCR). The ddPCR method comprises the co-amplification of the single-copy gene HBB, the erbB-1, erbB-2 and erbB-3 oncogenes and the second single-copy reference gene SOD2 under equal reaction conditions. In a retrospective study the AGCN of the erbB genes and the time up to the appearance of metastases were subjected to life-table analysis in 128 women with primary breast cancer. Patients whose breast cancer tissue showed an AGCN for erbB-1 of less than 0.4 and greater then 1.6, as expected from the literature, for erbB-2 of greater than 2.0 and for erbB-3 of less than 1.75 had decreased disease-free survival (DFS). The quotient of erbB-1 and erbB-2 AGCN was the most significant in multivariate Cox analysis followed by nodal status and progesterone receptor status. In extensive studies a similar association between erbB AGCN and metastasis was seen in ovarian cancer and oral cancer, though erbB oncogene aberrations in those entities were not as frequent as in breast cancer. The AGCN of erbB oncogenes may not be of prognostic value in untreated lung cancer patients.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

p53 protein expression in colorectal adenomas: an immunohistochemical study using an antigen retrieval system.

The immunohistochemical expression of the p53 gene product was examined in 91 colorectal adenomas from patients without (group 1, 50 cases) or with (group 2, 41 cases) concurrent sporadic colorectal carcinoma, and in 15 additional cases of randomly selected carcinomas from group 2 patients. Immunohistochemical reactions were performed with the DO-7 monoclonal and the CM1 polyclonal antibodies, following microwave irradiation of the tissues in an antigen retrieval solution, and the proportion of the immunoreactive cells was semiquantitatively assessed. p53 protein immunoreactivity was present in 46.1% (42, of 91, i.e., 20 out of 50 of group 1 and 22 out of 41 of group 2) and 33% (30 of 91, i.e. 14 out of 50 of group 1 and 16 out of 41 of group 2) of the adenomas using DO-7 and CM1 antibody, respectively. High p53 expression (i.e. immunolabelling of more than 30% of the tumour cell nuclei) was found in 13.2% of the adenomas (12 of 91, i.e. three out of 50 of group 1 and nine out of 41 of group 2; P = 0.025 using the chi 2 test) using the DO-7 antibody, and in 6.6% of the cases (six of 91, i.e. two out of 50 of group 1 and four out of 41 of group 2) using the CM1 antibody. In carcinomas, 80% of the cases (i.e. 12 of 15) were found to express p53 protein with both antibodies. p53 immunoreactivity in colorectal adenomas increased with the degree of dysplasia: only five (17.8%) of the 28 adenomas with mild dysplasia were found to be DO-7 positive, while all of them remained CM1 negative. From the 50 adenomas exhibiting moderate dysplasia, 28 (56%) were DO-7 positive, and 22 (44%) were CM1 positive. Finally, from the 13 adenomas with severe dysplasia, nine (69.2%) and eight (61.5%) were found to be positive with the DO-7 and the CM1 antibody, respectively. Our results indicate that an increased number of group 2 adenomas express p53 protein, when compared with group 1 adenomas, and suggest that a strong correlation exists between p53 protein expression and the degree of dysplasia in colorectal neoplasms.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1994

The polymorphism of the plasma inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (ITI) and its relationship to the heavy chain H1 subunit gene (ITIH1) at 3p211-212.

We investigated the ITI protein polymorphism in linkage analysis, using DraI and SstI as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers for the ITIH1 gene. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) classification from 76 individual plasma samples and RFLP analysis from the corresponding DNA preparations disclosed linkage disequilibrium between the phenotypic IEF patterns of the two common ITI alleles, ITI*1 and ITI*2, and the diallelic DNA polymorphisms of two ITIH1 RFLPs, represented by DraI 4.0 kb and DraI 2.4 + 1.6 kb, and by SstI 6.7 kb and SstI 6.0 + 0.7 kb, for the ITI 1 and ITI 2 IEF phenotypes, respectively, and by DraI 4.0/2.4 + 1.6 kb and SstI 6.7/6.0 + 0.7 kb for the heterozygous ITI 1-2 IEF phenotype. Linked segregation between either of the RFLPs and the polymorphic ITI plasma protein locus has been established in nine informative family pedigrees. The less frequent allele in Europeans, ITI*3, is not represented by a further allelic restriction fragment in either RFLP. The significant linkage disequilibrium observed in this genetic study indicates that the ITI locus, with the alleles ITI*1 and ITI*2, must be close to, or reside within, the ITIH1 gene. The diallelic ITI protein polymorphism therefore provides an informative phenotypic marker system for chromosome 3p211-212.

Alleles↗
PubMed1992

Genetic polymorphism of apolipoprotein H (beta 2-glycoprotein I) in African blacks from the Ivory Coast.

The apolipoprotein H (APO H) polymorphism was analyzed in the Negroid population from the Ivory Coast using polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing, followed by immunoblotting. The gene frequencies of alleles APO H*1, APO H*2, APO H*3 and APO H*4 were calculated to be 0.012, 0.921, 0.047, and 0.020, respectively. The assumption that APO H*4 represents a Negroid marker allele is supported by this population study.

Alleles↗
PubMed1992

Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor polymorphism in African blacks.

The inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (ITI) polymorphism was analyzed in an African Negroid population using polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing and subsequent immunoblotting. Gene frequencies of ITI*1, ITI*2, ITI*3 and ITI*4 were calculated to be 0.564, 0.083, 0.337 and 0.004, respectively. One unknown rare allele, ITI*6, determines further phenotypes in combination with the alleles ITI*1 and ITI*3. Gene frequency of ITI*6 was calculated to be 0.012. The common alleles are represented by ITI*1 and ITI*3. The allele distribution is therefore different from European and Asian populations.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1991

The ITI system in South Koreans and Iranians analysed by an improved classification procedure. Distribution of alleles and description of "new" phenotypes.

Phenotype and gene frequency distributions of the inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (ITI) system were analysed in populations from southern Korea and from Iran. The gene frequencies of the common alleles ITI*I and ITI*2 were 0.532 and 0.422, respectively, in southern Korea, and 0.612 and 0.354, respectively, in Iran. The postulated third allele, ITI*3, was found in the homozygous form. Gene frequencies of this rare allele were calculated to be 0.042 and 0.029 in Korea and Iran, respectively. Two additional rare alleles, ITI*4 and ITI*5, determine further phenotypes found in the population from Taejon (Korea) and Iran, respectively, in combination with the common ITI*2 allele. Gene frequencies of ITI*4 and ITI*5 were calculated to be 0.006 and 0.005, respectively. For phenotype classification, untreated sera were separated by isoelectric focusing (IEF) on polyacrylamide gels followed by immunoblotting.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1991

The examination of the ITI system in disputed paternities.

106 paternity cases with a total of 114 putative fathers were examined in the inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (ITI) system. Analysis was performed by isoelectric focusing (IEF) of untreated sera on polyacrylamide gels. From 39 paternity exclusions, determined in other genetic systems, 7 were confirmed in the ITI system. In 75 expertises the alleged man was not excluded from fatherhood; in 68 cases the probability of paternity was W greater than 99.73%. The practical exclusion rate in the ITI system was therefore calculated to be 10.45%. The theoretical exclusion rate was determined to be 19.3%. In one paternity case the alleged father and the child showed inverse homozygosity in the ITI system, while the man was not excluded from fatherhood in 28 additional marker systems. The calculated probability of his paternity was 99.99%. The assumption of an incomplete expression of the ITI phenotypes in infants is supported by a significant deviation between the observed and expected ITI distributions at population equilibrium.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1990

A "new" genetic polymorphism of a human serum protein: inter-alpha-trypsin-inhibitor.

A new genetic polymorphism of a human serum glycoprotein, the inter-alpha-trypsin-inhibitor (ITI), has been demonstrated by population and family studies. Sera were examined after neuraminidase treatment by isoelectric focusing on agarose gels followed by immunoblotting or by immunofixation with specific ITI-antiserum. Using this method, three common ITI phenotypes 1, 1-2 and 2, as well as two further rare ITI types 1-3 and 2-3 were disclosed. Genetically, these phenotypes are controlled by three allelic genes that determine a total of six phenotypes. These alleles are designated ITI*1, ITI*2 and ITI*3. The homozygous form of the third allele ITI*3 has not been found, as yet. The frequencies of ITI were examined in two population samples from Southern Germany (n = 248) and from Tyrol, Austria (n = 124). The gene frequencies of the common alleles ITI*1 and ITI*2 were 0.575 and 0.417, respectively, in Southern Germany, and 0.577 and 0.423, respectively, in Tyrol, Austria. The third allele ITI*3 was found only in the sample from Southern Germany, thus far, and was calculated to be 0.008.

Alleles↗