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Biomedical subjects

U Wurster

Publications and source records attributed to U Wurster.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Renal involvement in patients with congenital cyanotic heart disease.

Patients with congenital cyanotic heart disease may develop a glomerulopathy with proteinuria and impaired renal function. In order to investigate this problem we conducted a study on 27 patients with uncorrected cyanotic heart disease who were between 1 day and 25 years old. As a consequence of hypoxaemia haematocrit was elevated to 57%. Proteinuria was above 150 mg/day/1.73 m2 body surface in 12 patients. Only one of 9 children under 10 years of age had pathological proteinuria presenting as isolated albuminuria. Seven out of 10 patients between 11 and 20 years had an elevated proteinuria with a glomerular pattern. Creatinine clearance was normal in these patients. All four patients above 20 years of age had a considerable glomerular proteinuria with a mean excretion of 5.7 g/24 h/1.73 m2 body surface. These patients suffered additionally from chronic cardiac failure and creatinine clearance was below the normal range. There was a clear relationship between pathological proteinuria and age of the patients and thus duration of hypoxaemia. Patients with pathological proteinuria had a significant higher erythrocyte count (7.3 +/- 1.3 vs 5.6 +/- 1.4 10(12)/l p less than 0.01) and a lower mean corpuscular haemoglobin. In summary, children with persistent congenital cyanotic heart disease have substantial risk of developing a glomerulopathy if the cyanosis remains unchanged for more than ten years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Polyneuropathy in Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia. Passive transfer from man to mouse.

To support the hypothesis of an immunopathogenesis of polyneuropathy in Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia (MW), serum IgM fractions of MW patients were applied intraperitoneally to mice for 17 days. Sections of liver, kidney, M. glutaeus maximus, central nervous system (CNS) and both Nn. ischiadici were examined for IgM, IgG, C3 and as control IgD with PAP-immunostaining. IgM deposits were found in every organ except the CNS. In peripheral nerves larger amounts were visualized in perineurium and endoneural space, whereas myelin lamellae and periaxon did not stain. Therefore, perhaps our investigation reveals a greater permeability of the blood-nerve barrier (BNB) compared with the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The involvement of the monoclonal IgM of MW, which has been shown to react in vitro with peripheral nerve constituents, appears possible in the pathogenesis of polyneuropathy.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Renal function in cystic fibrosis: proteinuria and enzymuria before and after tobramycin therapy.

Proteinuria and enzymuria were measured in 27 patients with Cystic Fibrosis before and after tobramycin therapy. Prior to treatment, kidney function was normal in 23 patients. Four patients showed a pathological proteinuria and two haematuria. Renal biopsy in one patient showed segmental basement membrane alterations on electron microscopy; there were no immunoglobulin deposits. During intravenous therapy with tobramycin (10 mg/kg per day) and azlocillin (100 mg/kg per day) mean urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion rose six-fold and mean urinary alaninaminopeptidase excretion increased ten-fold. After cessation of therapy, enzymuria rapidly returned to pretreatment values in all 14 patients. Aerosol tobramycin therapy in four patients did not affect urinary excretion of NAG. It can be concluded that tobramycin did not cause persistent renal damage in our patients, whether given intravenously or as an aerosol.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1986

Primary germinoma of the brain. Immunocytochemical demonstration of tumour cells in the cerebrospinal fluid.

A patient is presented, who developed a suprasellar tumour. Stereotactical biopsy of the tumour revealed the diagnosis of a dysgerminoma. Immunocytochemical examination of the CSF showed neoplastic cells staining for human chorionic gonadotropin and for alpha-fetoprotein. The authors stress the possibility to diagnose primary intracranial germ cell tumours without operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Enzymuria and kidney diseases in childhood].

Urinary enzyme excretion and proteinuria were studied in 316 children with different underlying diseases. Activities on N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and alanine aminopeptidase decreased progressively with age in the urine of 66 healthy prematures, newborns, infants or children. In 51 children with nephrotic syndrome, tubulopathies or chronic renal failure, excretion of NAG and AAP rose 3 to 30 fold. Contrary to molecular weight dependent protein analysis, determination of enzymuria did not allow to differentiate between glomerular and tubular disorders. After renal transplantation, 31 out of 52 children had a pathological enzymuria. NAG and AAP were more frequently elevated during treatment with cyclosporine A (21/29), than with azathioprine (10/23). The influence of nephrotoxic drugs upon enzymuria was documented in 14 children with cystic fibrosis or septicaemia treated with tobramycin. Activities of NAG and AAP rose transiently, whereas proteinuria remained almost unchanged. Only three out of 45 children receiving nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug therapy for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis or spondylarthritis showed a pathological increase in enzymuria. Mean urinary NAG and AAP excretion in 154 children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus were not different from controls and were unrelated to either duration of disease or HbA1 concentration. The determinations of urinary enzymes as non-invasive tests of renal integrity in medicine and toxicology provide a very sensitive indicator of renal damage. The assays of NAG and AAP have proven to be most valuable; however, due to a lack of specificity for the type and origin of renal dysfunction, these urinary enzyme assays are most useful when carried out in conjunction with electrophoretic analyses of proteinuria.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1985

Reactivity of sera and isolated monoclonal IgM from patients with Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia with peripheral nerve myelin.

Sera of 23 patients with Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia and six monoclonal IgM paraproteins, which had been isolated from these sera, were examined for reactivity against peripheral nerve tissue. Of these 23 patients, 12 had clinical signs of peripheral polyneuropathy (PN). Using an indirect immunofluorescence method, all sera and monoclonal IgM preparations reacted with peripheral nerve structures, displaying a distinct granular fluorescence pattern with anti-IgM sera. The Waldenström sera reacted mainly with structures at the border of the myelin sheath, as well as between myelin and axon, and occasionally with the axon itself. There was no difference between sera of patients with PN and those without. Negative results were obtained in a complement fixation assay. Of the 23 sera, 15 reacted in an antibody-dependent lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity reaction (ADLC) with peripheral nerve myelin, and to a much lesser extent with myelin basic protein from CNS. Five of the six isolated monoclonal IgM preparations also gave positive ADLC reactions. These results constitute additional evidence for an immunological mechanism in the pathogenesis of PN in Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Tobacco-alcohol amblyopia. Clinical course in 33 patients].

The clinical data of 33 patients with tobacco-alcohol-amblyopia are described. Usually, the visual disturbance concerned both eyes and was not associated neither with headache nor with painful eye movements. The fundus was very often normal. In the static perimetry mostly relative or absolute central scotomas were found, sometimes centrocoecal scotomas and very seldom paracentral scotomas. The colour vision was very often disturbed, usually the red-green discrimination. In the rule the amplitudes of the visual evoked potentials were diminished, the P-100 latency was delayed in 39%. A follow-up of 25 patients revealed that the visus and the results of the static perimetry improved in 72% during vitamin substitution (B1, B2, B6, B12, folic acid). In a few cases this improvement could be observed even though the alcohol drinking was not ceased. In most cases the disturbance of the colour vision and the pathologic visual evoked potentials, however, did not change.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The influence of disease activity on the number of blood cells of multiple sclerosis patients.

The influence of disease activity on blood cell counts was studied in over 100 multiple sclerosis patients examined at regular intervals of 4-8 weeks over an 18-month period. T-lymphocytes were assessed by the cytochemical alpha-naphthyl-acetate-esterase (ANAE) stain in addition to conventional differentials. In all patients as a group as well as in individual patients studied sequentially, an exacerbation was marked by a striking reduction in both the relative and absolute numbers of ANAE-positive cells. Simultaneously, a strong increase in granulocytes and a slight augmentation of ANAE-negative cells occurred. Similar changes related to disease activity in leucocytes and lymphocytes were also detected in conventional blood smears. Fluctuations in the number of blood cells with disease activity persisted under therapy with corticosteroids and to a lesser degree also with azathioprine.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Significance, sources of error and limits of protein diagnosis in urine. I. Diagnostic methods].

Determination of proteins in the urine requires standardized collection and storage of urine. To quantify total protein and to separate single proteins electrophoretically unconcentrated urine should be used. Protein dye-binding methods, beta 2-microglobulin essay and polyacrylamide gel techniques can be recommended for routine urinalysis. However, the analytical limits and pitfalls of the methods must be considered. The application of the selectivity concept of proteinuria is restricted to patients with nephrotic syndrome.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1984

[Significance, sources of error and limits of protein diagnosis in urine. II. Normal values and classification of pathologic proteinurias].

Physiological excretion of total protein in the urine of newborns, infants, children and adults is below 150 mg/d/1.73 m2. Albuminuria is below 25 mg/d/1.73 m2 and excretion of beta 2-microglobulin below 0.4 mg/d/1.73 m2. Fever, exercise and orthostasis may cause a reversible increase of protein excretion. The significance of isolated and persistent proteinuria remains obscure. Polyacrylamide gel techniques differentiate between pathological high or low molecular weight proteinuria and thereby glomerular and tubular disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Enzyme activities and protein concentration in the intraocular fluids of ten mammals.

An attempt was made to establish normal values for the total protein concentrations and the enzyme activities of LDH, MDH and PGI in the intraocular fluids of rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, cats, dogs, sheep, cattle, pigs, horses and humans. Remarkably little species differences were noted in 9 of the 10 mammals with vitreal enzyme activities falling into a narrow range between 8.4 U/l (PGI, horse) and 92.4 U/l (MDH, guinea pig). All species obeyed the sequence aqueous less than vitreous less than serum with exception of the rat, where vitreous activities surpassed serum at least two-fold. The very low enzyme activities in the aqueous and vitreous humors demand special precautions against contaminations which can either derive from post-mortem storage or inadequate sampling procedures. Conversely elevated enzyme activities could be used as probes for pathological processes or as a check for a clean preparation.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Two-month follow-up of the changes in vitreal constituents after argon laser coagulation of the retina in rabbits.

The response of the vitreous after panretinal argon laser photocoagulation was followed over a period of 60 days. Two phases can be discerned. An an immediate reaction to the disturbance of the blood-retinal barrier at the site of the pigment epithelium the total protein content and malate dehydrogenase activity rise sharply within 3 days, 4- to 5-fold above a normal. The more protracted increase of lysosomal enzyme activities which reach their peak heigh after 14 days only, can be attributed to the action and proliferation of phagocytic cells. 2 months after treatment all parameters have returned to their normal levels.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1977

[Relationships between the value of combined PAH-inulin clearance, the kidney-cortex index as well as between additional radiographic findings in chronic pyelonephritis].

In 85 patients with ascertained chronic pyelonephritis the relations between the measured values of the combined PAH-inulin-clearance, the index of the adrenal cortex and other radiological findings were investigated. Here the determination of the cortex of the adrenal cortex resulted in a better correlation with the sizes clarification values than the calculation of the size of the kidney. By variance analysis (F-test) significant differences between the individual function groups became clear.

Aminohippuric Acids↗