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Ulrich Laaser

Publications and source records attributed to Ulrich Laaser.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

The institutionalization of public health training and the health sciences.

The health of the population is determined by a number of ecological determinants in addition to medical care. Therefore a close relationship exists with the social and political context in a society. With regard to the health care system, schools of public health as institutions for training, research, and services have to focus on four main deficits in the area of information, prevention, social gradients, and the regulation of health care delivery. A task profile derives which comprises (a) training for research and services, (b) monitoring population health and setting of priorities, (c) applied research on public health, (d) consulting the decision makers, and (e) intervention and public accountability. How to perform in these areas has to be related to basic ethical principles, notably, equity, participation, subsidiarity, sustainability, and efficiency. Furthermore, international trends in modern education have to be considered as for the European Union in the Bologna Declaration of 1999, with reference to academization and internationalization of advanced studies. The resulting institutional profile of modern schools of public health is characterized by their academic basis, interdisciplinarity, and multi-professionality. The paradigm of the New Public Health is an equal merger of medical and social sciences, a predominantly postgraduate study program, an international scope, close links to the government, local networks with service institutions, and a focus on contemporary health issues. In the former socialist economies of Central and Eastern Europe a regional collaboration beyond borders (the concept of regionality) is apt to support the achievement of international standards of excellence for newly developing schools of public health.

Education, Public Health Professional↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Maternal morbidity in rural upper Egypt: levels, determinants, and care seeking.

Although maternal morbidity constitutes a serious public health problem in Egypt, it has remained a neglected area for public health research. In this study we used a synthetic design combining quantitative and qualitative methods to determine the level of maternal morbidity as reported by mothers in rural Upper Egypt and to identify patterns and determinants of care seeking for perceived morbidity in pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. The reported incidence of danger symptoms indicated that maternal morbidity is a serious problem in Egypt and, therefore, warranted community-based interventions. The study suggested a model explaining the criteria women used to judge whether and from where they would seek care. The model incorporates three cognitive components related to the perceived frequency, and seriousness of the problem and the degree of personal responsibility for the problem. Utilization of care was shown to be low and significantly associated with poverty and husband illiteracy. Likewise, most deliveries were not attended by a trained health care workers, and these unattended deliveries were shown to be associated with nonutilization of antenatal care, illiteracy, nonownership of cattle, and inaccessibility to potable water.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tuberculosis control: current status, challenges and barriers ahead in 22 high endemic countries.

BACKGROUND: Despite the fact that Directly Observed Treatment Strategy (DOTS) short course is cost effective and universally recommended by WHO for effective TB control, it is beyond the financial reach of several highly endemic countries. This article aims at identifying barriers in DOTS's implementation and progress in 22 high burden countries (HBCs) from TB. METHODS: Medline abstracts, published papers and WHO reports were retrieved, critically examined and compared keeping standard parameters of TB control in view. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: The increasing caseload, morbidity and mortality due to TB in high burden countries have become a major health challenge and threat to the health systems. The escalated burden of disease and deaths due to TB has posed a great threat to the international security. In the last decade little progress has been witnessed in the implementation of WHO's recommended strategy called DOTS in the 22 high burden countries. Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Brazil, Zimbabwe, S. Africa and Uganda are some of the countries still facing challenges in the effective introduction, implementation and expansion of DOTS. Financial inabilities contribute greatly to the failure of respective national TB control programs. High burden countries are usually in the economic recession or passing through severe socio-political turmoil that has further reduced spending on TB control. Majority depends on the international assistance and put little domestic efforts. Coupled with the lack of political commitment to the issue of TB control, authors urge high TB control Program managers in HBCs to increase spending and pay a great deal of commitment to the universal implementation of DOTS, increase case detection and case management to attain their global targets.

Developing Countries↗