Biomedical subjects

Ursula S R Röse

Publications and source records attributed to Ursula S R Röse.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Practical approaches to plant volatile analysis.

Plants emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that play important roles in their interaction with the environment and have a major impact on atmospheric chemistry. The development of static and dynamic techniques for headspace collection of volatiles in combination with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis has significantly improved our understanding of the biosynthesis and ecology of plant VOCs. Advances in automated analysis of VOCs have allowed the monitoring of fast changes in VOC emissions and facilitated in vivo studies of VOC biosynthesis. This review presents an overview of methods for the analysis of plant VOCs, including their advantages and disadvantages, with a focus on the latest technical developments. It provides guidance on how to select appropriate instrumentation and protocols for biochemical, physiological and ecologically relevant applications. These include headspace analyses of plant VOCs emitted by the whole organism, organs or enzymes as well as advanced on-line analysis methods for simultaneous measurements of VOC emissions with other physiological parameters.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry↗

PubMed2005

Systemic induction of volatile release in cotton: how specific is the signal to herbivory?

Plants attacked by herbivorous insects release chemical signals that attract natural enemies of the herbivores to the damaged plants. Feeding of Spodoptera exigua larvae on the lower leaves of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) for multiple feeding periods of 9-12 h with a 12 h, interval in between when the caterpillars are removed overnight, will induce a systemic release of volatile compounds that is comparable to the volatiles released in response to continuous feeding damage on the lower leaves for several days. The systemic volatile release in response to herbivory can be mimicked by mechanically damaging the lower leaves and applying caterpillar oral secretion to the injured leaves over 4 days. Cotton plants that are only mechanically damaged systemically release significantly less beta-pinene, myrcene, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (E)-beta-farnesene and (E,E)-alpha-farnesene after 4 days compared to plants damaged mechanically with application of caterpillar regurgitant. However, multiple 9-12 h mechanical damage alone induces a significantly higher systemic release of (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, myrcene, (E)-beta-ocimene, and (E)-beta-farnesene after 4 days compared to undamaged control plants. This indicates that multiple mechanical damage alone cannot mimic completely the response induced by mechanically injuring the leaves and applying caterpillar regurgitant. A specific elicitor in the regurgitant of the caterpillar enhances the amount of several systemically released volatiles. Thus, the systemic release of volatile compounds by herbivore-damaged cotton plants appears to be regulated by at least two different mechanisms.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Volatiles released from cotton plants in response to Helicoverpa zea feeding damage on cotton flower buds.

Feeding of Helicoverpa zea larvae on cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) flower buds (squares) for 24 or 48 h induced the release of a number of terpenes [( E)-beta-ocimene, linalool, ( E)-beta-farnesene, ( E, E)-alpha-farnesene, ( E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, ( E, E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene], isomeric hexenyl butyrates, 2-methylbutyrates, indole and ( Z)-3-hexenyl acetate. These compounds are not released in significant amounts from undamaged squares and freshly damaged squares. The release of inducible compounds was not limited to the damaged squares themselves. The compounds were also released systemically from the upper undamaged leaves of the same plant after 72 h. However, the composition of the blend of systemically released volatiles differed from the blend released by damaged squares. The compounds that were systemically released from undamaged leaves in response to feeding on the squares were ( Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, ( E)-beta-ocimene, linalool, ( E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, ( E)-beta-farnesene, ( E, E)-alpha-farnesene, and indole. This study shows that insect damage inflicted to the reproductive parts of a plant causes a systemic emission of volatiles from its vegetative parts.

Animals↗