Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V A Bozhedomov.
Generation of free radicals in ejaculate samples from infertile patients was evaluated using chemiluminescent technique. The presence of antisperm antibodies in samples increased the possibility of damages to spermatozoon plasma membranes due to excessive generation of free radicals.
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To study epidemiology and etiopathogenesis of male autoimmune infertility, we examined ejaculate samples from 3660 males of reproductive age, clinico-laboratory data on 560 males from infertile couples with antispermal antibodies (ASAB), 647 males without ASAB and 40 fertile males. Ejaculate was tested according to WHO recommendations, ASAB were identified by mixed agglutination reaction (MAR) and flow cytofluorometry (FCFM), infections of the reproductive tract (IRT)--by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Experiments were made on 136 white non-inbred mature male rats and 40 mature female rats: 1/3 of the only testis was removed in male rats, then morphology of the operated on testis was studied as well as real fertility. ASAB were detected in 18% males of reproductive age. Factors of risk of antispermal immunity are the following: IRT (52%), varicocele (35%), blunt scrotal injuries without orchitis (21%) and previous epididymoorchitis (6%), obstruction (3%), cryptorchism and anejaculation (1%). Absolute risk of immune infertility makes up 67% after orchitis and epididymoorchitis, 66% after blunt scrotal injuries without clinical orchitis, 39-43% in clinical and previously operated varicocele, 32% after IRT. Combination of the risk factors raises immune infertility probability 1.2-4.1 fold. The efficacy of antibiotic therapy for bacterial IRT in ASAB is described. It is shown than it is possible to preserve spermatogenesis after testicular trauma by stimulation of its regeneration. Immunological mechanisms of male autoimmune infertility are analysed. Thus, main causes of male autoimmune infertility are mechanical, infectious or other affection of the testis leading to impairment of hematotesticular barrier, varicocele increases the risk of autoimmune reactions and orchitis after traumas; cross-over interaction between antigenic determinants of sperm and IRT; obstruction of the ejaculatory tract; specific features of antiinfectious immunity.
To compare the effects of urological, neurological and obstetricogynecological risk factors of urine incontinence (UI) in women, we made a questionnaire survey covering a representative sample of 4336 female residents of Moscow aged 25-74 years. We used standard epidemiological methods and unified criteria, descriptive statistics and modeling by means of logical regression in 6.12 version of SAS system. We revealed that chronic cystitis and other inflammatory urinary diseases provoke a 4-fold increase in the relative risk (RR) of UI in women being higher than obstetricogynecological risk factors (RR 1.5-2.8) and neurological risk factors (RR 1.3-2.0). UI in many cases is of stress type, but in urinary inflammation a mixed type occurs 1.8 times more frequently. Thus, chronic cystitis and other urinary inflammatory diseases are essential UI risk factors in women.