Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V A Evseev.
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Observations made on white mice showed that doses of alcohol had a stimulating effect on the indices of macrophage acitivity (pagocytic number and phagocytic index), while longer administration of 40% ethyl alcohol solution (in doses of 0,1 ml for 21--30 days) suppressed the functional activity of macrophages. In vitro experiments in which macrophages were subjected to the action of ethyl alcohol showed that alcohol, depending on its concentration, had a direct effect on the cells of the microphage system.
Experiments on rabbits demonstrated that local electrocoagulation of the dorsal hyppocampus portions by means of the implanted electrodes caused reduction of the complementary and lysozyme activity of the blood serum, inhibited the development of Arthus' skin allergic-reaction, decreased the intensity of systemic anaphylaxis to the blood serum antigens, this being accompanied by a relative fall of the precipitating antibodies titres and a reduction of the vagus response of the heart to adrenaline.
There were phasic changes of immune response in rats and mice with adjuvant disease: an increase of antibody production on the 7th day after the injection of complete Freund's adjuvant and its depression on the 21st day; there was also observed suppression of normal antibody production to O- and Vi-antigens of typhoid bacilli.
Similar changes in the nonspecific immunity indices were noted in experiments on rats and guinea pigs with adjuvant disease: depression of blood serum bactericidal activity and increase of the lysozyme and complement level, as well as inhibition of the phagocytic activity of leukocytes and production of normal antibodies to O- and Vi-antigens of typhoid bacilli in rats. Changes in disturbances of natural immunity factors in adjuvant disease correlated with the severity of the process in both animal species.
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The authors carried out a comparative physico-chemical and immunochemical study of antigen obtained from the fraction of streptococcus cytoplasm by precipitation with ammonium sulfate, and partially purified M-protein. They proved to be heterogeneous by molecular-weight characteristics when tested by the methods of sedimentation analysis, disc-electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel, and gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. Results of immunoelectrophoresis and disc-electrophoresis pointed to the presence in these two antigens of significant structural differences. A common component in M-protein and the cytoplasmic antigen was revealed by the immunodiffuse test. Spectrophotometric data pointed to the fact that M-protein represented protein, and cytoplasmic antigen was chiefly a nucleoproteid.
Experiments were conducted on mice. A study was made of the protective properties of the cytoplasmic fraction of streptococcus, group A, Type 1 and of an antigen isolated from it by sedimentation with ammonium sulfate, in comparison with M-protein partially purified by the method of Lancefield and Perlman. Cytoplasmic antigen was not inferior by immunogenicity in comparison with M-protein. In difference from the latter, it was thermolabile and sensitive to the action of hydrochloric acid. The protective antigen was revealed in the cytoplasm not only of the virulent, but also of avirulent strains of streptococcus devoid of M-protein.