Experiments on normal dogs were made to study the effect of hemosorption on some of the characteristics marking down the hemostatic system: the content of platelets and fibrinogen, the times of plasma recalcification and euglobulin lysis, the prothrombin time, the ethanol and protamine sulfate tests, and fibrinase activity. Hemosorption produces no abrupt shifts on the part of the blood coagulation system. Additional administration of heparin does not prevent "caking" of the sorbent. The reduction in the number of circulating platelets induced by hemosorption is then replaced by pronounced thrombocytosis.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Advances and prospects of a combined therapy of acute radiation injury in experiments].

We present the results of a long-standing experimental development of ways and means for acute radiation sickness treatment that have been authorized for application in medicine and are mostly aimed at large-scale accidental injuries. The paper describes means for early treatment (prodigiosan, desoxynate, typhoid vaccine, proteus vaccine), a myeolopoiesis stimulant (estradiol dipropionate), a detoxication procedure (hemosorption), substitution therapy with bone marrow cells and peripheral blood mononuclears, anti-infectious schemes comprising antibiotics and polyvitamins.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[An experimental approach to determining the protective properties of drugs against ionizing radiation in low and sublethal doses].

In experiments with mice, the efficiency of radioprotective agents against acute gamma-irradiation with nonlethal and low doses (0.5-4 Gy) was estimated by nine parameters. The treatment with cystamine, cysteamine and riboxine prior to irradiation (< 2 Gy) did not influence the postirradiation values of the parameters under study. With a dose of up to 4 Gy, the effect of riboxine was noted. The determinations of the number of aberrant mitoses, cellularity and mitotic activity of the bone marrow have proved to be most informative. The data obtained are discussed with due regard for the specific effect of low-level radiation and mechanisms of the protective action of the agents under study.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Reaction of the blood forming system of the dogs to acute radiation exposure (by the SRC-Institute of biophysics data bank)].

At present time in the SRC--Institute of Biophysics the data bank containing the information on the reactions of 431 dogs to radiation exposure in a wide range of doses has been created. By the results of 4299 blood tests reporting a leukocyte content, including 2509 tests reporting a blood formula, the individual peculiarity of the peripheral blood reaction in dogs were analyzed. Dose dependencies for the reaction of blood-forming system to radiation exposure to doses in the range from 1.0 to 7.0 Gy were obtained. In comparison with the similar data for humans, the neutrophil content in peripheral blood decreased approximately 1.5-2.0 times faster in dogs than in men, resulting in earlier recovery.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Dependence of radioprotective activity of chitosan on its molecular mass].

The influence of chitosan molecular mass (70, 10 and 5 kDa) on its radioprotective efficiency in mice experiments was studied. It was shown that chitosans with molecular masses of 70 and 10 kDa had similar radioprotective properties. The survival of mice increased up to 73% and 87% respectively at intravenous injection 15-30 min before a whole-body exposure to 137Cs gamma-radiation at a dose of 8 Gy (Cd97/30). Practically absolute loss of radioprotective activity occurred below a threshold of about 10 kDa. The results showed a high chitosan radioprotective activity in a wider range of molecular masses than it was supposed earlier.

Animals↗