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V A Gor'kov

Publications and source records attributed to V A Gor'kov.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[The concepts and conceptual models of psychopharmacology].

The present approaches to the testing and use of drugs, psychotropic ones in particular, are characterized by inadequate efficiency: the ratio of agents successfully undergone preclinical, clinical, and postclinical tests is 100:5:1 and in clinical psychopharmacotherapy, the proportion of drug-resistant patients and the incidence of side effects are rather high. The groundless supposition that interspecies- and intraspecies-specific sensitivity to drugs is equal may explain this notion, which contradicts the concept of the biochemical stability of species and to the principle of molecular economy in species-specific ratios. To enhance the efficiency of tests and pharmacotherapy, it is suggested that the existing conceptual model "concentration-effect" should be replaced by the extended one "sensitivity-concentration-effect" as it is more scientifically substantiated. Increases in the efficiency of psychopharmacotherapy may be, among other things, reached by individually predicting the most effective psychotropic agents with clinical, paraclinical, pharmacokinetic, and other predictors.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[The role of hereditary, clinical and pharmacokinetic factors in predicting the prophylactic effect of lithium salts].

In the framework of a multicentre WHO research program results of prophylactic treatment with lithium carbonate of 77 patients with affective phasic disorders were compared with a series of clinical parameters, specificity of lithium pharmacokinetics and the background characteristics of families in the groups of responders (68.8%) and non-responders. Correlations of efficacy with pharmacokinetic parameters were absent. Better preventive effect of lithium salts took place in male patients with disharmonic features of premorbid personality if their disease and prophylactic treatment started in young or in the middle age, if the disease was diagnosed as bipolar form of manic-depressive psychosis and attained its cyclothymic level with a periodical type of the prior phases. A significant accumulation of affective psychoses was found in the families of the responders. Possibility of prognostic significance of all the analyzed indices is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Pharmacokinetics of nitrosomethylurea in oncologic patients].

Kinetics of blood-nitrosomethylurea (NMU) was studied in 68 patients with lung cancer, malignant melanoma and lymphoma who had received NMU-based combination chemotherapy. The results were used for computing main pharmacokinetic parameters such as logarithm of calculated initial concentration, time of half-elimination from blood, area under the kinetic curve of concentration, volume of distribution in the body and clearance. All those values were shown to significantly differ with individual patients. A longer retention of the drug in blood flow (as evidenced by increased time of half-elimination and area under kinetic curve matched by decreased volume of distribution and clearance) was registered in responders than in non-responders, the difference sometimes reaching statistical significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Clinico-pharmacokinetic aspects of the optimization of psychopharmacotherapy].

One of the main problems of psychopharmacotherapy is high variability of therapeutic effects. The traditional clinical approach to the optimization of psychopharmacotherapy based on the characterization of the spectrum of drug action and individual characteristics of the disease has certain limitations. When the clinical approach is supplemented with pharmacokinetic measurements it becomes possible to specify the choice of drug and to select an individual regimen of administration ensuring an effective level of active forms of the drug in the blood. A successful development of the clinico-pharmacokinetic direction at the present stage is due to improvement and standardization of methods of clinical and pharmacokinetic examination which help to ensure a reliable pretreatment identification of patients potentially sensitive to pharmacotherapy, to determine all active forms of drugs in biomedia, to establish the correlation between therapeutic and side effects on the one hand and the active concentrations of these forms on the other, as well as to select the most informative clinical and pharmacokinetic parameters. The general theoretical and practical value of clinico-pharmacokinetic studies is confirmed by the findings accumulated by now.

Blood-Brain Barrier↗
PubMed1984

[Mathematical aspects of clinico-pharmacokinetic prediction of the effectiveness of treatment].

The use of a discriminant analysis for the statistical processing of the findings provided by a study on the prediction of the efficacy of the course therapy was substantiated. The authors described the computer programmes used for pharmacokinetic analysis and analyzed their average statistical resistance to the erroneous measurement of the drug concentration in biomaterial. The techniques of the quantitative evaluation of the real efficacy of the course therapy based on the data on the time-course of the patient's status according to the scale proposed by the All-Union Research Center on Mental Health and the BPRS are outlined.

Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale↗
PubMed1977

[Evaluation of the parameters of asymptotic curves of tumor growth].

Formulae are given for estimation of the parameters of mathematical dependencies being equivalent to y=a+bcx (Hompertz equation, logistic function, etc) according to experimental findings. Estimates of the parameters, obtained by means of the formulae involved, meet the requirements of the minimum squares method, their precision closely approximating that of the iteration method for an electronic computer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Methodologic problems of pharmacokinetics].

The subject of pharmacokinetics, method of research, aims and tasks of fundamental and applied aspects, place and importance for pharmacology are discussed. Discrepancy between a high scientific potential of pharmacokinetics and a low practical realization are analyzed, priority trends of future research are formulated.

Animals↗