[Working conditions and their effect on the health status of the personnel of resuscitation, intensive therapy and anesthesiology departments].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V A Kaptsov.
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Validates the concept and recommendations for the occupational medical rehabilitation of workers of locomotive teams. The scheme of medical rehabilitation includes diagnosis of prenosological states, assessment of the health status, and measures of general health improvement.
Reviews the main stages in development of hygiene in the railway transport of Russia. Presents five stages in the development of this science, which reflect the development of railway transport and of research center of railway hygiene in this country.
Analysis of experience gained by the Russian hygienic science, actual hygienic materials, and authors' own data show that hygiene as science can be justly considered as a theoretical scientific branch engaged in fundamental problems of medical science. Moreover, etiology of professional and ecology-caused diseases is one of the most important aspects of theoretical basis of hygienic science.
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Presents data on the occupational diseases of railway workers in 1958-1994 and analyzes the nosological structure of morbidity with regard for the technological progress in various fields of this industry. Discusses the problems related to occupational diseases in this population. A disease is recognized as an occupational only in cases when occupational hazards cannot be eliminated by modern technology, but still, the victims are to have a life compensation from the work-giver for not providing the proper working conditions.
Misdetection of occupational diseases in railway workers is discussed. The reason is that medical staff has poor knowledge of occupational diseases and patients with their signs and symptoms are not all registered. The paper gives scientific rationale for creating a register of occupational diseases in the system of enterprises subordinate to the Ministry of Railways.
The paper deals with the scientific and practical expediency of using the unified terminology in the rehabilitation of working capacity in man. The term "recreation" is proposed to define the processes and phenomena associated with recovered functions and forces of the human body, which have been lost at work.
The traditional aspect of prenosological changes occurring in workers exposed to industrial agents was considered from the current clinical and hygienic standpoints. A working classification of occupationally dependent prenosological changes was proposed, which identifies categories of those with and without clinical manifestations. The classification covers all the most important and currently known consequences of adverse effects on workers contacting with hazardous agents. It reflects not only theoretical aspects, but the practical value of the classification.
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An attempt was made to asses the actual risk of occupational diseases among various railway specialists having harmful and adverse working conditions. The risk was found to be high, suggesting that there are harmful and extremely harmful working conditions and high undetection of patients with occupational diseases.
The optimization coefficients for making demands of an employer to grant funds for measures for primary prophylaxis of occupational diseases are proposed. The initial payment is based on the expenses connected with these problems in the past 3 years. An approximate calculating scale for primary prophylaxis is presented.