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Biomedical subjects

V A Kirillov

Publications and source records attributed to V A Kirillov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Thyroid carcinoma diagnosis based on a set of karyometric parameters of follicular cells.

BACKGROUND: In the works of various authors, performed with the help of morphometry, an assessment of cell changes was carried out, as a rule, by one sign of their atypia (e.g. area of cell nuclei). Moreover, the selective analysis of morphometric data for certain nosologic forms was performed. Such an approach allowed researchers to develop only additional diagnostic criteria of thyroid carcinoma. At the same time, the use of a set of quantitative signs of cell atypia as a criterion for tumor malignancy made it possible to improve oncologic diagnosis. In this study, which is a first step in the development of a quantitative approach to thyroid carcinoma diagnosis, a system of karyometric parameters was developed with the help of morphometry of cytologic material of patients with major nosologic forms of thyroid pathology (papillary and follicular carcinoma, follicular adenoma, autoimmune thyroiditis, and nodular colloid and diffuse toxic goiter). The significance of each parameter in thyroid carcinoma diagnosis was evaluated. METHODS: Thyroid cells of autopsy, operative, and aspiration biopsy material were the object of the study. One hundred fifty-two preparations with histologically verified diagnosis were studied. Light morphometry was performed with the help of a semiautomatic computer analyzer of images. One hundred fifty thyroid nuclei were assessed in each preparation. RESULTS: Among many karyometric parameters, six were selected: mean area of thyrocyte nuclei, ratio of frequencies, and number of classes on histograms of distribution of their area, coefficient and a free term of the regression equation to a scattered diagram of perimeter and nuclear area, and the discriminant index. Boundary values of these parameters between the malignant and benign pathology were united into an expert system for thyroid carcinoma diagnosis. Clinical trials of the system were performed. On the basis of the obtained results, the informativity (accuracy, sensitivity, specificity) of its karyometric parameters was assessed. The formula for calculation of the weighting coefficient for each parameter was derived, the diagnostic index being determined by the sum of their values. CONCLUSIONS: An expert system was created based on a set of karyometric parameters reflecting the regularities of pathologic changes in thyrocyte nuclei with malignant and benign pathology. The informativity and weighting coefficients included into the system of parameters have been assessed, which made it possible to perform the probabilistic diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1996

[A morphometric study of the lymphoid cell population in biopsy material from patients with different thyroid pathologies].

Using cytometry of lymphocytes, prolymphocytes and lymphoblasts in touch smears of biopsy and autopsy samples of thyroid, it was revealed that in cancer the small lymphocytes, in the total population of these lymphoid cells, comprise 0-2%, and on distributional histograms of lymphoid cells, according to the average diameter, the maximum was in the range of 9.6-11.7 microns. In benign malformations, goiters and autoimmune thyroiditis, and in the norm the percentage of small lymphocytes varied in the range of 10-44, with the maximum in the range of 7.5-9.6 microns. Histograms, built according to the space occupied by lymphoid cells, evidenced that in malignant thyroid disease a cupola-shaped character of distribution was peculiar, whereas in other pathologies and in norm the exponential relationship was revealed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Cytometric estimation of lymphoid cell population in needle biopsy samples from patients with thyroid cancer].

Fine-needle aspiration cytological examination has established the small lymphocyte fraction in the total population of lymphoid cells in thyroid cancer patients to be at 0-2%, the frequency peak for lymphoid cells of an average size as shown on histographs being located in the 3rd interval. In follicular adenoma, cyst, autoimmune thyroiditis and goiter, the small lymphocyte percentage was found to rise to 9-20%, the frequency peak shifting to the 2nd interval. The lymphoid cells area distribution pattern for cancer was of a domed shape while an exponential relationship was observed in the other pathologies. The newly-developed criteria for thyroid cancer diagnosis are expected to increase the effectiveness and predictive value of aspiration technique by 25%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[The suppression of cellular Na+/H+ exchange leads to the inhibition of influenza virus activity].

It was shown that amiloride, orthovanade and uabain induced almost a two-fold decrease in the rate of incubation medium oxidation by the chick embryo fibroblasts due to the Na+/H+ exchange and inhibited by more than 95 per cent the influenza virus activity. The following mechanism for inhibition of the influenza virus multiplication in the cells under the effect of the above mentioned substances was proposed: suppression of the cellular Na+/H+ exchange responsible for the decrease in pH value in the virus-carrying endosomes----prevention of the decrease in the intraendosomal pH value to the critical level----blocking of the acid dependent process of the virus uncoating----inhibition of the influenza infection as a whole.

Amiloride↗
PubMed1990

[Effectiveness of endobronchial administration of granulocyte concentrate in patients with various forms of chronic bronchitis].

The paper concerns the efficacy of endobronchial introduction of fresh donor leukocytic mass which was studied in 56 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis and compromised immunity in hypoactivity of alveolar macrophages. The above treatment promoted correction of the immunity shifts, activation of alveolar macrophages and eventually better prognosis in relevant patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Role of the cellular Na+/H+ exchange and glycolysis inhibition by the antiviral action].

Remantadine has been shown to induce a decrease in acidification rate of incubation medium by chick embryo fibroblasts, caused both by Na+/H+ exchange and diffusion of lactic acid, the final product of glycolysis. The degree of acidification rate decrease grew with increasing concentration and time of cell incubation with preparation. Possible implementation of the inhibitory effect of remantadine on acid-dependent process of influenza virus uncoating by decreasing cellular Na+/H+ exchange and glycolysis is discussed.

Adamantane↗
PubMed1989

[Factors of protracted and recurrent course of chronic erosions of the stomach].

A study was made of the disease pathogenesis in 58 patients with recurrent chronic erosions of the gastric mucosa. It has been established that an important role in the relapses of the pathological process is played by pathological microflora, disturbances in humoral immunity and local microcirculation, and long existence of the zone of fibrinoid necrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Complex treatment of patients with non-healing stomach ulcers using hyperbaric oxygenation].

The possibilities of local therapy used together with hyperbaric oxygenation were studied in patients with persistent gastric ulcers. The most effective in combined therapy of these patients was local administration of granulocyte concentrate and the use of hyperbaric oxygenation because of the action on the basic pathogenetic links such as impairment of the local and systemic microcirculation and pathological microflora.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Pathogenetic mechanisms of the recurrence of chronic gastric erosions].

The authors investigated the mechanism of recurrent course of chronic gastric erosions. It was established that of essential importance in the recurring course of the disease is the pathological microflora, disorders of humoral immunity and local microcirculation leading to prolonged existence of a fibrinoid necrosis zone.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[The ATP depletion process of human erythrocytes studied by freeze fracturing].

By the freeze-fracture method it is shown that metabolic depletion of erythrocytes affects three levels of cell organization: the microstructural (erythrocyte form), microstructural (micro-relief of erythrocyte surface) and ultrastructural (ultrastructural state of erythrocyte plasma membranes) ones. As it is established, the size of spikes on the echinocyte surface and that of membrane vesicles budding from a cell coincide with each other. The structural modification of the membrane precedes the stage of erythrocyte crenation. The following model of vesicle budding process is suggested: reduction of ATP level and dephosphorylation of actin-spectrin network--structural modification of the protein and lipid membrane phases with the formation of regions disconnected from the spectrin framework--protrusion of these anomalous regions in the form of spikes--budding of spikes as spherical vesicles.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1987

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of differentiated therapy in patients with chronic erosions of the gastric mucosa].

Potentialities of differentiated therapy of patients with recurrent chronic erosions using medicinal and nonmedicinal methods in 119 patients were studied. During differentiated therapy one should take into account the condition of pathological microflora and circulatory disturbances. At the first stage routine therapy with subsequent incorporation of biogastrone was employed. At the second stage in the absence of a therapeutic effect local administration of a granulocytic concentrate was performed, and in insufficient effectiveness, electrocoagulation of chronic erosions of the gastric mucosa was indicated. The use of differentiated therapy contributed to a favorable prognosis of disease in these patients.

Adult↗