Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V A Semkin.
The procedure of individual production of endoprosthesis of glenoid fossa isolated with the aim of preserving the conditions for further orthognatic surgery is described. Operative treatment of the patients with TMJ anchylosis and concomitant face skull deformation was carried out. Good results were achieved that testified to perspectives of this technique for wide clinical practice.
Treatment of maxillo-facial deformations in adults, hereditary malocclusions in particular, by orthodontic methods only as in children and adolescents is impossible because of matured face skull. As a rule, such patients need combined treatment including surgery.
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Wide use of local trigeminal third branch anesthesia not rarely leads to mouth opening restriction. There is no common opinion on etiology and pathogenesis of this complication, that explains also the absence of treatment algorithm for such patients depending upon length of the process development.
A rare case with osteochondroma located near the condylar process of the mandible is described. Surgical treatment was carried out (removal of the formation through the periauricular approach). Orthopedic treatment was carried out during the postoperative period. The proportions of the facial skull, occlusion, and articulation were completely restored.
Results of using different types of endoprostheses for repair of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) are discussed. The main advantages and drawbacks of the method of endoprosthetic treatment of the mandibular condylar process, detected during the immediate and remote postoperative periods, are described. The biomechanics of mandibular movements in prostheses of the joint is presented. Results of using complete endoprosthesis of the TMJ, designed with consideration for mandibular movements biomechanics and experience gained in the use of various types of the joint endoprostheses are presented.
Immediate and late results of reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint with endoprostheses of the condylar processes are analyzed. Types of condylar process endoprostheses are described. The most characteristic complications of the immediate and late postoperative periods are described.
Methods of reconstructive maxillofacial operations bringing about the best functional and esthetic results are analyzed. Surgical methods for repair of maxillofacial bone defects and deformations with the use of transplants and different methods of their fixation depending on the tissues at the site of defect (deformation) in patients with acquired and congenital abnormalities of the facial skull have been developed and are used at Central Institute of Dentistry. Osteosynthesis using titanium constructions and compression-distraction devices is acknowledged as an effective method of bone repair operations on the face. It notably reduces the duration of operation and prevents the relapse of the deformation. Analysis was carried out on extensive clinical data (more than 1000 patients), which allowed an objective evaluation of remote results of plastic repair of bones and helped define the indications and contraindications for such operations.
A clinical case is presented: endoprosthesis of the articular depression of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) was used in the treatment of a patient with a complication which developed several years after insertion of an isolated endoprosthesis of the mandibular condylar process. This case is presented as a proof of the efficiency of a complete TMJ endoprosthesis.
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Presents the design, technical characteristics (wave length 10.6 microns, power 5 W, continuous regimen) and methods of use of a new generation laser device ALSH-5 Plasma-R "Stokos", used for treating oral diseases (periodontal and oral mucosa diseases, odontogenic inflammations, reconstructive and plastic operations, etc.).
A rare case with aneurysmatic cyst located near the condylar process is described. The treatment consisted in curettage of the formation and filling of the cavity in the condylar process. The operation was performed through the mouth.
Causes, clinical and X-ray manifestations of postinjection mandibular contractures are discussed as exemplified by 10 cases and methods of eliminating these contractures are offered.
The authors analyzed experience gained in the treatment of the temporomandibular joint involvement in Bechterew's disease. Three groups of this complication were distinguished and treatment protocols offered for all of them. Drugs used in the treatment are compared. Surgical treatment of an ankylosed joint using a titanium endoprosthesis of a half-joint is described.
Late results of repair surgery are analyzed in 40 patients with segmented mandibular defects of different origin. Titanium constructions were used for repair of defects in 21 patients and in 19 others combined endoprostheses were used, consisting of the crest of the patient's iliac bone and a titanium carcass. Check-ups 1.5-2 years after repair showed a higher reliability of combined endoprostheses.
The causes of dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint are analyzed, their clinical and x-ray symptoms enumerated, diagnosis and treatment described. The main cause of pain in this condition is the imbalance of masticatory muscles.
Experience gained in repair of the mandibular condylar processes with titanium endoprostheses in 6 patients (8 endoprostheses) is presented. The defects were due to improperly healing fractures, ankylosis of the temporomandibular processes, and cancer. Two variants of endoprostheses differing by the fixing device are proposed. One variant is intended for replacement of defects of the condylar process only, the other permits the use of various titanium constructions to replace bone tissue defects in the branch, angle, and body of the jaw after its resection. Good immediate and late results (followed up for up to 14 months) demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method.
Potentialities of titanium plates and endoprostheses of the condyle processes in replacement of the postoperative defects of mandibular bone tissue are discussed. A recently developed Russian kit of titanium plates and instruments and specificities of plasty to repair bone defects using this kit are described. The results of surgical repair in 5 patients subjected to resection of the mandible with exarticulation for tumors or osteomyelitis aftereffects were good: the oval of the face and mandibular function were repaired.