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Biomedical subjects

V A Smirnov

Publications and source records attributed to V A Smirnov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Spontaneous and visually-induced oculomotor reactions in microgravity (Results of Austrian-Russian Experiment "Optovert" performed within the frame of program "Austromir", part II)].

Results of investigation of spontaneous and induced by vertical linear and sinusoid optokinetic stimulation oculomotor reactions in short- and long-term space missions are reported. Adaptation to microgravity was shown to be associated with rearrangement in sensory interactions even on a background of good subjective well-being and absence of abnormal autonomous nervous reactions. In the early period of adaptation to microgravity records were made of modified spontaneous oculomotor activity (spontaneous vertical nystagmus) and vertical optokinetic nystagmus (VOKN) including alterations in amplitude and VOKN amplification coefficient.

Adaptation, Ocular↗
PubMed1996

[Awareness of the subjective vertical in weightlessness (results of Austrian-Russian experiment Optovert performed within the framework of the program Austromir, part III)].

Data about intersensory interactions and adaptations, dynamics of the adaptive shifts were obtained in short- and long-term space missions basing on the indices of the subjective optical vertical awareness evaluated in experiment "OPTOVERT" with the use of dedicated ingenious techniques and hard- and software. As was shown, the function of subjective optical vertical (SOV) awareness remained unaltered in microgravity; however, in the period of adaptation there was a significant growth of error in SOV awareness in the darkness, and against the vertical optokinetic stimulation. In prolonged microgravity SOV error returns to the norm both in the darkness and during stimulation while arising asymmetry differs from background in magnitude and directivity, exceeds the physiological norm and sustains throughout a mission. After flight the asymmetry magnitude and directivity gradually regain the background values.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1996

[The possible mechanism of the noradrenaline enhancement of the arterial baroreceptor reflex].

In anaesthetized cats intravenous infusion of norepinephrine induced the increase in arterial pressure and suppression of renal nerve electrical activity. The latter followed the infusion was stopped and arterial pressure returned toward control. The baroreflex suppression of sympathetic activity associated with norepinephrine increased in the case of preliminary mechanical damage to blood-brain barrier. Duration and intensity of the sympathetic activity suppression following norepinephrine infusion depended on the magnitude of hypertensive reaction and the rate of elevating in arterial pressure under the action of norepinephrine. Norepinephrine at the similar concentrations did not depress sympathetic activity if the arterial pressure was stabilized on the resting level. These data support the supposition that the elevation of arterial pressure due to norepinephrine infusion increases the ability of catecholamine to enter brain and in this way activates the central limb of arterial baroreceptor reflex.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1995

[Spontaneous and visually induced illusory responses in weightlessness (results of the Austrian-Russian experiment "Optovert" performed within the framework of the program "Austromir", part I)].

There presented the results of studying the mechanisms of intersensory interactions and sensory adaptations, the dynamics of the stability of adaptive changes in the short- and long-term space missions by phenomenology of spontaneous and visually-induced illusory responses. It is shown that adaptation to microgravity even under good subjective health condition and the absence of anomalous subjective reactions was accompanied the change in the interaction of the sensory systems. For the first time there recorded the previously unknown phenomena: an inversion of vertical vection illusion (VVI) on vertical and sinusoidal optokinetic stimulation; disruption of the perception of body scheme at the instant of VVI; the change of character and the initiation of VVI asymmetry; the decrease of thresholds and the intensity increase of VVI. In the period of long-term stay in microgravity the anomalous perceptive reactions (the period of predominating adaptation gave way to the period of predominance of disadaptation). The hypothesis for the mechanisms of revealed changes was suggested.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1993

[Dual-factor correlation analysis of the distribution of morphofunctional properties of mitochondria].

Judging by double-factorial correlative analysis of mitochondrial morpho-functional property distribution during the treatment of organism with radioactive rays, it has been established that there is a high correlation between mitochondrial dimensions in population and known structural-functional types. To detect the force and tightness of this parameters' connection, there lists a method of double-factorial correlative analysis. The value of correlation coefficient lets assume that mitochondrial functional activity depends on mitochondrial dimensions and is described by straight regression equation. It has been established that dimension's increase is accompanied by mitochondrial functional activity decrease and vice versa, though some functionally inactivated mitochondria can have little dimensions. Thus, knowing mitochondrial dimensions in population we can detect it's functional properties and detect mitochondrial dimensions knowing the functional properties by straight regression curves.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Three-factor correlation analysis of morphofunctional changes in mitochondria based on the results of morphologic and biochemical studies].

The multifactorial correlative analysis showed the tightness and correlative connection between the time after one time irradiation of experimental animals, breathing and redistribution of hepatocytes' mitochondria dimensions. It has been established that the velocity of mitochondrial breathing can be described by linear correlative dependences from time and area, negative coefficients in equations shows that the velocity of breathing decrease when time and mitochondrial area increase. This equations let to estimate mitochondrial population state, depending on time and their dimensions and show that big mitochondria perish in a more brief time. It was assumed that the velocity of destruction is depend on irradiation dose and it leads to the change of equation coefficients.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Expression of a synthetic gene for human interleukin-4 in E. coli cells. Preparation of a biologically active protein].

Expression E. coli plasmid were constructed in which the human interleukin-4 (hIL4) synthetic gene is controlled by tac promoter. The expression level of the gene depends on the distance between RBS and the initial codon ATG, with the maximal production in case of the nine base pair distance. The recombinant protein, accumulated in the inclusion bodies, was solubilized, renaturated, and purified to homogeneous, biologically active preparation, the yield being 2 mg/g wet cells.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1992

[Secretion of recombinant human epidermal growth factor into the periplasm in Escherichia coli cells].

Secretion vectors were constructed in which a synthetic gene of human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) joined with a gene coding for the leader peptide to one of the E. coli outer membrane major proteins (OmpF) is controlled by tac promoter. The increase of the hEGF yield was achieved by the multiplication of the gene copies. The hEGF in bacterial cells was secreted into periplasm. The recombinant protein was isolated by means of reverse phase chromatography as almost homogenous preparation (greater than 98%), the yield being 7 mg/l bacterial culture. The sequence of twenty-five N-terminal amino acid residues of the isolated hEGF coincided with that of the natural protein. The preparation proved to be biologically active.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins↗
PubMed1992

[Recombinant interleukin-3 expression system in E. coli].

Plasmid pTOTE2IL3 (III) has been constructed, expressing an artificial human interleukin-3 (hIL3) gene under conditions of the induced protein biosynthesis. Levels of the recombinant protein synthesis have been compared in several E. coli strains containing expression plasmids pTE2IL3 (I) (constitutive biosynthesis) and (III) (induced biosynthesis). Optimal combinations of the expression plasmids and the bacterial strains are of importance. A simple and effective method has been elaborated for isolation, purification and renaturation of the recombinant protein accumulated in inclusion bodies.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

[The symptoms of a circulatory disorder in the basin of the vertebrobasilar system in osteochondrosis of the cervical spine].

The authors describe the characteristic features of vertebrobasilar insufficiency of circulation and its distress by the ischemic type, mainly in the inferior posterior cerebellar artery, seen in patients with cervical osteochondrosis coupled with atherosclerosis occurring at an elderly age. The patients manifested predominance of cerebellar symptomatology pertaining to the inferior limbs and to the body. That might be accounted for by partial derangement of the fibers of the spinocerebellar bundles in the inferior vermis. The patients' status was characterized by a favourable course and outcome, with the cerebellar symptoms alone being steadily retained.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1991

[Chemical-enzymatic synthesis of the amplifier of the T7 phage gene 10 and function of its structural elements].

The translational enhancer (TREN) sequence of the phage T7 gene 10 (in full and also its proximal or distal parts) have been obtained by chemical-enzymatic synthesis and cloned into the plasmids immediately before the human interleukin 3 (hIL3) artificial gene. Expression levels of the hIL3 gene in E. coli in these constructions show that the region controlling the specific activity is placed in distal part of TREN more than 40 nucleotides upstream from the initiation codon.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

[Drug treatment of various diseases, primarily of those caused by disorders of the reticular formation of the brain stem].

The author holds that a great number of failures and poor results in the treatment of organic or functional nervous and somatic diseases result from ignoring the role of brain stem reticular formation interacting with vegetative innervation and limbic formations. The disturbances of this reticular formation often contribute to the development of a pathological process due to enhancement or inhibition of the neuromediatory reticular systems. Drugs are proposed able to produce a selective positive action on neuromediatory systems of the reticular formation. Such approach may bring about responses in severe neurogenic and somatic affections.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1991

[Isolation of recombinant interleukin-3 produced by E. coli].

A synthetic gene coding for human interleukin-3 (hIL3) was cloned in the plasmid pTE2IL3, the gene expression being controlled by the phage fd PVIII promotor and the phage T7 gene 10 translational enhancer. Under constitutive biosynthesis conditions in E. coli, the accumulation of recombinant hIL3 (in the inclusion bodies) was up to 30-40% of the total cell protein. An effective procedure of the hIL3 isolation is suggested. The hIL3 was solubilized in 5 M guanidinium chloride, renaturated and purified to homogeneity by a single chromatographic step. The protein's yield was 34 mg/g wet cells. The isolated hIL3 showed a specific biological activity.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1991

[Data for the substantiation of the maximum permissible exposure level of armos fiber dust in the air of the work area].

The 'Armos' fibre dusts are characterized by low cytotoxicity, absence of fibrogenicity, display non-toxic properties in single exposures with no skin-irritating and sensibilizing effects. In repeated introduction into the stomach, the trachea, and if inhaled, these dusts displayed weak toxic properties. Dust concentrations at 10 mg/m3 are in proximity to the threshold one. The MAC for 'Armos' dusts in working zone areas was recommended at 5 mg/m3 (4th class of hazardness).

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1990

[Activities of a consultation and diagnostic polyclinic for AIDS and AIDS-related infections].

The analysis of curative and diagnostic work of AIDS counselling and diagnostic units (CDU) showed that during a year and a half 15,000 people had been screened, 27 of these were identified as persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 4 persons identified at other places, were registered for followup. It was found that 51.3 percent of people were screened anonymously, reason for screening being epidemiological indications--history of blood transfusions, homosexual contacts, irregular sexual intercourse. The rest did not observe anonymity, 10.7 percent of these persons were screened by clinical indications. The in-depth clinical screening of patients who sought care in CDU, patients infected with HIV and persons who had contacts with them, required the consultative services of different specialists--dermatovenerologists, gynaecologists, sexologists, stomatologists and some others. It determined the necessity of establishing an outpatient department of "AIDS and AIDS-indicatory infections" which represented a new organizational form of AIDS service.

AIDS-Related Complex↗