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Biomedical subjects

V A Smith

Publications and source records attributed to V A Smith.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

Nursing student attrition and implications for pre-admission advisement.

The current shortage of nurses and the decreasing student applicant pool supports the need for institutions of higher education to examine the problem of nursing student attrition and possible solutions. This study surveyed 227 non-returning students to identify attrition factors. The results implicate problems with class scheduling, inadequate financial resources, and employment responsibilities. Twenty four nursing faculty members were additionally surveyed to identify factors. The faculty respondents target poor study skills as the primary problem, a finding not agreed on by the former students. These identified problem areas implicate inadequate preadmission advisement. Students should be made aware of the personal and financial costs of a nursing education prior to admission. Preadmission advising that provides an applicant with a more complete understanding of the nursing educational process may help prevent student attrition and the loss of new nurses to the profession.

Counseling

Amino acid starvation affects the initiation frequency of nucleolar RNA polymerase.

The synthesis of ribosomal precursor RNA in mouse ascites nucleoli derived from cells starved for amino acids is compared with the activity of nucleoli from control cells cultivated in the presence of all amino acids. It is shown that deprivation of a single essential amino acid from the culture medium results in a drastic decrease of the RNA-forming capacity of the isolated nucleoli by a factor of 2-3. This switchoff in rRNA synthesis is a very fast process. Half-maximal inactivation occurs after only 30 min. Addition of amino acids to starved cells leads to a rapid recovery, which is reflected by a sharp increase in the RNA polymerase activity of the isolated nucleoli. Studies on the molecular mechanism of this amino acid-mediated control of rRNA synthesis indicate that this effect is not caused by different growth rates of the RNA chains, but rather by an altered initiation frequency of the RNA polymerase in vivo. Whereas in nucleoli derived from cells grown in full medium almost all the polymerase is tightly bound in a transcriptional complex, a high amount of "free" polymerase which becomes active after addition of exogenous template is present in nucleoli from starved cells.

Cell Division