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Biomedical subjects

V A Titov

Publications and source records attributed to V A Titov.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Surface oxidation of polyethylene using an atmospheric pressure glow discharge with liquid electrolyte cathode.

This study investigated the action of an atmospheric pressure air glow discharge (APGD) with aqueous electrolyte cathode onto the surface of polyethylene (PE) films. Distilled water and aqueous solutions of KCl and HCl were utilized as a cathode. The surface properties of PE were characterized by contact angle measurement followed by surface free energy calculation, Fourier transform infrared by attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR), and XPS. After treating the PE surface, we observed OH groups, CO groups in ester, ketone, and carboxyl groups, and CO groups in unsaturated ketones and aldehydes. For a treatment time of 20 min and a discharge current of 40 mA, atomic concentrations of O and N were 12% and 2%, respectively, under distilled water application. Modification processes were able to improve the surface free energy of PE.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

[Differential artificial lung ventilation as an alternative to single lung ventilation in thoracic surgery].

The study was undertaken to develop and introduce a lung artificial ventilation (LAV) procedure that levels the pathophysiological changes associated with collapse of the lung operated on, which is based on comparison of the impact of one-lung and differential LAV on gas exchange and hemodynamics. It was found that under differential ventilation, ventilation-perfusion ratios became normal, pulmonary pressure dropped, resistance in all regions of the lung microcirculatory bed decreased, the volume of intrapulmonary shunting became smaller. Concomitantly, there were reductions in right cardiac preload and fluid filtration into the both parts of the extravascular lung space. This all shows that there is a significant increase in the efficiency of intrapulmonary gas exchange. Thus, differential ventilation is the most advisable alternative to collapse of the independent lung in thoracic surgery hemodynamics. It is the method of choice in pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular failure, oxygenation function of the lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Assessment of fluid balance and several hemodynamic parameters in lung surgery using the method of impedance plethysmography].

The hemodynamic effects of different modes of controlled ventilation (CV) were studied by means of impedance plethysmography in 52 anesthetized patients during surgery on the lungs, trachea, and bronchi. To adapt this investigation technique to the conditions of the operating room, a specially designed device was applied for extracorporeal measurement of electric resistance of the blood flow. It was found that impaired transcapillary exchange of fluid in the lungs and its accumulation in the interstitial spaces were secondary to the operated lung collapse irrespective of the composition of the inhaled gas mixture used for the controlled ventilation of the contralateral lung. A differential approach to the ventilation of the dependent and independent lungs using the conventional and high-frequency CV modifications allows for an optimal compensation for the damaged transcapillary exchange of fluids in the lungs, is most physiological, sparing, and organ-saving.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1987

[Prevalence of ischemic heart disease and various ECG changes according to the results of a population study].

A study of a random representative sample has furnished data on the prevalence of ischemic heart disease, its varieties and various ECG changes among an open Novosibirsk population of 40- to 59-year-old males. The results are compared to data obtained in other cities and regions of the USSR. It is demonstrated that the prevalence of ischemic heart disease is virtually similar in Novosibirsk and other big cities and differs basically from the situation observed in a small town.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Experimental and clinical endophleboscopy].

A method of endoscopic estimation of the inner walls of large veins has been developed in the experiment and used in clinic. Fibroscope "Olympus" was used. Under observation was the dynamics and ECG in occlusion of the vena cava posterior in experiments on dogs. Eleven endophleboscopies of the vena cava inferior were performed in patients with acquired valvular disease.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical experience with low- and minimal-flow isoflurane in extensive resections of the liver and liver transplantation].

A comparative study was performed of general balanced anesthesia on the basis of neuroleptic analgesia (NLA) and inhalation low- and minimal-flow anesthesia with isoflurane in anesthesiological management of extensive operations on the liver. A total of 75 anesthesias were conducted. Because of low hepatotoxicity, absence of its metabolites' pharmacological activity, fast elimination from the body unchanged, isoflurane is effective in long and traumatic operations on the liver. Low-flow isoflurane significantly lowers pharmacological load with opiates, myorelaxants which is essential in patients with hepatic diseases. This leads to more rapid recovery of adequate spontaneous respiration and activation of the patient in low risk of postoperative iatrogenic complications.

Adjuvants, Anesthesia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of new respiratory technologies in solving problems of artificial one-lung ventilation in thoracic surgery in high-risk patients].

The authors proposed a separate independent (or differentiated) artificial lung ventilation as an appropriate alternative variant of artificial lung ventilation (ALV). This approach implies bulky ALV of the operated lung and high-frequency ventilation of the contralateral lung. In patients with associated respiratory diseases and stage II-III respiratory insufficiency, ALV initiates high pulmonary hypertension, intrapulmonary bypass of 50% cardiac output. The differentiated ALV on principal operation stage optimizes homeostatic parameters vs both one-lung and conventional ALV. For patients with stage II-III respiratory insufficiency and cardiovascular disease ALV is contraindicated. Differentiated ALV is the only alternative allowing surgical treatment of lung diseases in high risk patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevention of risk of cross-infection through the respiratory system during anesthesia].

The authors present a modern concept of prevention of cross contamination during forced ventilation of the lungs in the course of total anesthesia and operation. The optimal complex of measures of individual protection of a patient includes hygienic measures, use of sterile respiratory systems (better disposable), obligatory use of respiratory filters between the intubation tube and T-piece of the narcosis and respiration device; hydrophobic folded membrane filters should be preferred. Studies carried out at Anesthesiology Department of Research Center of Surgery of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences indicate that BB 22-15 filters (Pall Corporation) reliably protect patients from cross-contamination realized through respiratory gases and biological fluids (blood, saliva, condensate) and save heat and humor. Hydrophobic folded membrane filter BB 22-15 is highly effective, which recommends it for wide use.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Continuous positive airway pressure and high-frequency independent lung ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive lung diseases].

The original hypoxemia, hypercapnia, high pulmonary hypertension, high resistance of microcirculation vessels, right volumetric ventricular overload, persistent sub-edema of pulmonary intersticium as well as disparity of ventilation and perfusion between both lungs are the main problems in patients with chronic obstructive disease of the lungs (CODL). Such patients are, as a rule, intolerant to the independent lung collaboration or artificial single-stage ventilation (ASV). Patients with respiratory insufficiency, stages 2 and 3, and with a pronounced impaired type of ventilation have originally a deranged blood gas composition, like hypoxemia or hypercapnia. The application of volume-controllable bi-pulmonary ASV in such patients maintains an adequate gas exchange hemodynamics. However, ASV is accompanied by a significantly reduced gas-exchange function of the single ventilated lung and by essentially worsened intrapulmonary hemodynamics. Therefore, what is needed is to use alternative methods of independent lung ventilation in order to eliminate the gas-exchange impairments and to enable surgical interventions at thoracic organs in such patients (who are intolerant to ASV). A choice of a method and means of oxygen supply to the independent lung is of great importance. The possibility to avoid a high pressure in the airways, while maintaining, simultaneously, an adequate gas exchange, makes the method related with maintaining a constant positive pressure in the airways (CPPA) a priority one in case of CODL patients. The use of constant high-frequency ventilation in the independent lung in patients with obstructive pulmonary lesions does not improve the gas exchange or hemodynamics. Simultaneously, a growing total pulmonary resistance and an increasing pressure in the pulmonary artery are observed. Consequently, the discussed method must not be used for the ventilation support of the independent lung in patients with the obstructive type of the impaired external breathing function.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Anesthesiological problems in the surgical treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Maintenance of effective gas exchange made with respect to surgical comfort and lower risk of intraoperative lung damage is the main problem in the anesthetic management of surgical reduction of pulmonary volume (SRPV). Described in the paper is the experience of anesthetic management made in 10 patients in SPRV. The method of differential ALV (DALV) with continuous positive pressure in airways (CPPA) made for the ventilation support of the independent lung was found to be the only effective technique ensuring an adequate gas exchange in surgery for SPRV in patients with diffusive pulmonary emphysema (DPE). It accounts for the pathophysiological specificity of diffusive pulmonary lesion. At the same time, it provides for an optimal surgical comfort and for the most cautious manipulations on the lung. Such a combination improves the overall surgical results. The high-frequency respiratory support to the operated lung is contraindicated in such patients because of hyperinflation of the affected lung.

Adult↗