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Biomedical subjects

V Arnould

Publications and source records attributed to V Arnould.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Bibliometric index].

The Institute of Scientific information has edited an index to evaluate the diffusion of scientific articles. It is based on the fact that the more an article is cited as a reference in other articles, the more it is considered to be important, and the higher the coefficient attributed to the journal in which it was originally published. The impact factor takes into account the average number of times which a journal is mentioned for recent articles published in a given year. This index is an attempt to quantify the notoriety of scientific journal for all scientific medical specialties.

Bibliometrics↗
PubMed1996

[Diagnosis using x-ray computed angiotomography of an iliac artery aneurysm in an infant].

The authors describe an infant with an aneurysm of the right iliac artery, associated with three sites involving the inferior mesenteric artery and its first two branches, most likely related to an episode of chicken pox. Helical angiography with computed tomography, performed with a continuous-rotation scanner, allowed precise assessment of the lesions, in particular those affecting the inferior mesenteric artery.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1996

[The diagnosis of mediastinal lymphangioma in children].

On the basis of personal observation of four cases, the authors discuss the diagnostic aspects in this disease. Before birth, the diagnosis should be made by echography. After birth, magnetic resonance imaging scanning (IRM) is the method showing two types of cystic lymphangioma; a monomorphic and a polymorphic type. IRM is particularly valuable for the assessment of the extent of the disease all the more so as these tumours are often infiltrating. One should also recognise cervicomediastinal lymphangiomas which are more frequent in the very young and in whom the diagnosis is easy but one should not ignore the mediastinal component and those lymphangiomas which are purely mediastinal.

Child↗
PubMed1995

[Eosinophilic granuloma of bones in children].

Eosinophilic granuloma of bone or Langerhans cell histiocytosis is mostly unifocal. It appears on plain X Ray as a solitary destructive lesion of long bones or flat bones. CT is useful to define the extension to the cortical bone and also to precisely localize the lesion when the anatomy is complex (hip, spine, base of the skull). MR is very useful in case of more aggressive lesions when there is extension to soft tissues. Differential diagnosis includes circumscribed osteitis and tumors in the case of extensive destruction. The natural course of solitary lesions is favorable, spontaneously or with therapy. The prognosis is more serious in the case of multiple lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Pharyngolaryngeal tumors: spiral X-ray computed tomography with 3-dimensional reconstruction].

Spiral CT allows the exploration of the whole larynx and hypopharynx in 30 seconds. This is a good adjustment between the technique and the organ. Performed on 15 patients during a 30 seconds' Valsalva maneuver, the exploration yields results from good to excellent. In two cases, conventional and helical CT are compared. The limitation of mA is not a drawback in such a thin region and there is no shift of organ or lesion between two scans, because the whole range is scanned in a single breathhold. 3D display of larynx and pharynx can be performed with some advantage, especially easiness of presentation for surgeon. They help topographic analysis and make correlation between endoscopic views and axial scans. They could be useful for surgical simulation and 3D photon treatment plannings.

Feasibility Studies↗
PubMed1991

[Histomorphometry and photodensitometry of osteons with hypercalcified ring of human compact bone].

Osteons with hypercalcified ring were measured by photodensitometry and histomorphometry in the tibial diaphysis of 20 male and female subjects died from 23 to 93 years, the age-related decrease of cortical bone volume corresponded to wide Haversian canals. However, the osteons with a hypercalcified ring had a narrow canal. Moreover, the radio pacity of the hypermineralized ring was 20 to 30% higher than the adjacent parts of the osteon and the central part was nearly never less mineralized than the peripheric one. So the hypercalcified ring did not appear to be an arrest line. It may be suggested that it constitutes a sign of cortical bone senescence.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1989

NADPH:cytochrome P-450(c) reductase: biochemical characterization in rat brain and cultured neurons and evolution of activity during development.

NADPH:cytochrome P-450 (c) reductase is a microsomal enzyme which is involved in the cytochrome P-450-dependent biotransformation of many exogenous agents as well as of some endogenous molecules. Using cytochrome c as a substrate, the kinetic parameters of this enzyme were determined in brain microsomes. The comparison of the NADPH:cytochrome P-450 reductase's Vmax values and cytochrome P-450 contents in both fractions, suggests a role of cerebral NADPH:cytochrome P-450 reductase in cytochrome P-450 independent pathways. This is also supported by the different developmental pattern of brain enzyme as compared to the liver enzyme, and by the presence of a relatively high NADPH:cytochrome P-450 reductase activity in immature rat brain and neuronal cultures, while cytochrome P-450 was hardly detectable in these preparations. The enzyme activity was not induced by a phenobarbital chronic treatment neither in the adult brain nor in cultured neurons, suggesting a different regulation of the brain enzyme expression.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypermineralized lamellae below the bone surface: a quantitative microradiographic study.

Hypermineralized lamellae similar to interstitial resting lines were identified by microradiography beneath haversian, endocortical, and trabecular resting surfaces in 42 subjects aged 18-96 years. In cross-sectioned osteons, this hypermineralized lamella appeared as a circle showing the same high microdensity as the inner margin of the haversian canal. Bone tissue separating this circle and the margin was more mineralized than the peripheral lamellae of the osteon. In the tibia, 13.7 +/- 0.9% (Mean +/- SE) of Haversian canals exhibited a hypermineralized circle, localized at a distance of 20 +/- 0.4 microns from the canal wall. The scalloped haversian canals, different from osteoclastic resorption cavities, represented 9.9 +/- 0.7% of the haversian canals. There was a significant correlation between both types of haversian canals. Therefore, hypermineralized lamellae can appear at the end of bone apposition, whatever the bone surface. Their high mineral content may secondarily lead to an increased brittleness of the most superficial lamellae and even to their disaggregation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pyogenic spondylitis with Scheuermann's disease.

We present the case of a teenager suffering from dorsal and lumbar pain. Imaging modalities diagnosed a lumbar retro-marginal anterior herniation and thoracic spondylitis. Such association has been reported twice in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Painful scoliosis.

In case of painful scoliosis, a search for etiologic factors in the vertebral spinal canal and adjacent structures should be made. MRI with Gadolinium is useful to look for various pathology in and around the spine in particular of spinal cord. CT scanning is indispensible for bony details. Thus CT and MRI are complementary in evaluation of pathology of spine in any modern imaging centers.

Adolescent↗