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Biomedical subjects

V B Nefedov

Publications and source records attributed to V B Nefedov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[The assessment of bronchial patency by conducting broncholytic and loading tests in patients with pulmonary pathology].

Reproducibility of the parameters of bronchial patency was studied in 31 patients with nonspecific pulmonary diseases, changes in the parameters of bronchial patency during the berotek and loading tests--in 28 healthy subjects, the dynamics of bronchial patency in these tests and the value of separate methods of study of bronchial patency--in 119 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. The parameters of spirography, forced expiration flow-volume and general plethysmography were used. Assessment of the results of the pharmacological and loading tests require consideration of reproducibility of the parameters and their changes in healthy subjects in connection with a broncholytic action on the tone of bronchial muscles. The table of limited diagnostically insignificant functional changes in bronchial patency in given. When evaluating the results of functional tests, it is expedient to use a combination of the parameters of spirography, the curve of forced expiration flow-volume and general plethysmography and in the choice of method preference should be given to the registration of the curve of forced expiration flow-volume. The most sensitive parameters of the dynamics of bronchial patency in the broncholytic and loading tests have been developed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Disorders of the pulmonary function in patients with destructive tuberculosis].

A complex clinicophysiological examination of 100 patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis has shown that the most common manifestations of pulmonary dysfunctions in this category of patients are functional changes in lung tissue as hyperinflation and restriction of the lungs and rise or decline of their elasticity. Disorders of bronchial patency and pulmonary gas exchange are second in their detection rate. The most important changes in pulmonary tissue function are hyperinflation and rise of elasticity; disorders of bronchial patency and pulmonary gas exchange are most commonly manifested by impaired minor bronchi and declined lung capacity. Lung restriction and decreased lung tissue elasticity are rather rare. Arterial hypoxemia is mainly found at rest.

Elasticity↗
PubMed1991

[Lung function in tobacco growers suffering from exogenous allergic alveolitis].

Overall 38 patients suffering from exogenous allergic alveolitis of tobacco growers including 28 with alveolitis running its course by the type of bronchitis, 8 with alveolitis which ran its course by the type of bronchial asthma, and 6 with alveolitis running its course by the type of recurrent pneumonia were examined. In all the three variants of alveolitis, the obstructive syndrome associated with pulmonary hyperinflation was predominant in the picture of the functional parameters. Marked restriction of the lungs was recorded in rare cases, the decrease of the diffusion lung capacity was mainly detected by the steady state method. Arterial hypoxemia was detectable at rest and during physical exercise. Distributive disorders turned out to be the main cause of hypoxemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The use of rheography for assessing the adequacy of prolonged artificial ventilation of the lungs in patients undergoing surgery of pulmonary tuberculosis].

When prolonged end-expired-air positive pressure ventilation (EEPPV) is performed to prevent possible respiratory complications after operation for pulmonary tuberculosis, thorough monitoring of the circulation system seems to be necessary since EEPPV affects the cardiovascular system. In this case rheography makes it possible to objectively assess the hemodynamics and phasic pattern of heart performance. An optimum regimen of EEPPV is that which ensures a maximum increase of the pulmonary ventilation in each zone, including the best blood oxygenation without negative action of EEPPV on circulation. EEPPV below 10 sm H2O is recommended for patients with disseminated and complicated tuberculosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Screening and detailed study of lung function in patients with pulmonary pathology].

Screening investigation of the lung function should be performed in all tuberculosis institutions while its detailed investigation should be performed in regional, territory and republican dispensaries. The minimum allowable scope of physiological information in screening investigations includes the main spirometric indices. More complete and consequently more desirable scope of information includes the main spirometric indices and the data on the curves of the flow-volume of forced expiration. Spirometry, registration of the curves of the flow-volume of forced expiration, determination of residual and total lung capacity, measuring of the gaseous levels, estimation of the blood acid-base equilibrium and pharmacological and loading tests are the obligatory investigations for regional, territory and republican dispensaries.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Pulmonary function of patients with bird-breeders' exogenous allergic alveolitis].

A total of 59 bird fanciers suffering from alveolitis were examined, of them 23 with alveolitis of bronchitis type, 24 with alveolitis of pneumonic type and 11 alveolitis of fibrosing type. In all 3 variants of a course of alveolitis the obstructive syndrome was the main sign of functional disturbances. Intrapulmonary gas exchange disturbances slightly expressed in alveolitis of bronchitis type and pneumonic type, acquired greater importance in fibrosing alveolitis. The absence of restrictive changes in the patients could result from weakly expressed fibrosing of the pulmonary tissue, its combination with emphysematous-dystrophic changes as well as with lung hyperinflation as a result of disturbances in bronchial permeability.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Lung diffusion capacity of pulmonary tuberculosis patients].

DLCO, DL/VA, Dm and Vc, lung volumes, capacities and values of a curve representing flux-forced expiration volume relationships were investigated in 159 patients with focal, infiltrative, disseminated and fibrocavernous tuberculosis. A decrease in DLCO was observed in half of the patients with disseminated and fibrocavernous tuberculosis and in less than one/fifth of the patients with focal and infiltrative tuberculosis. The leading factor of a decrease in DLCO in the patients with disseminated and fibrocavernous tuberculosis was the reduction of the lung respiratory surface resulting from a decrease in the effective alveolar volume; the leading factor in infiltrative tuberculosis was a decrease in alveolocapillary membrane permeability. In focal tuberculosis the importance of the above factors in DLCO reduction was approximately the same.

Adolescent↗