The action of iohexol on clotting, fibrinolysis, complement and kallikrein system.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V Barth.
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Our observation of several cases of rare renal disease demonstrates that CT cannot replace the conventional radiographic evaluation methods such as intravenous urography, retrograde pyelography, tomography and angiography. These methods are additive but not competitive with CT.
In 147 cases of mammary carcinoma, 388 serial mammographies were performed before final treatment. The average retrospective observation time was 27 months with a range of two months to 11 years. The number of serial mammographies per case ranged between two and 11. The tumor volume doubling times (TV); obtained by measuring the growth of the tumor nucleus shadow in the mammographies, ranged from 44 to 1869 days with an average of 212 days. No correlation between volume doubling time and histologic differentiation could be found. One hundred of these cancer patients were found in a screening population of 22,000 women receiving serial mammographies in a time period ranging from two to 16 years. An additional 40 cancer patients surfaced in this group without roentgenologic but with foregoing clinical or thermographic abnormalities before final diagnosis. An additional 21 cancer patients surfaced without any foregoing abnormalities. The follow-up tumor ranged between three months and two years with a mean time of one year and nine months. Not considering tumor size, pathologic-thermographic signs appeared with greater frequency the faster the tumor grew. Theoretically, an average of more than 16 years should elapse before an initial tumor cell develops into a 10-mm primary mammary carcinoma (30 doubling times). Therefore the length of time necessary for a 2-mm tumor to grow to a size of 10-mm is, on the average, four years.
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The past decade has shown an increase in the number of rare primary hepatic tumors, such as focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), and hepatocellular adenoma and carcinoma. Some examples serve to demonstrate the value of scintigraphy, ultrasound, angiography and CT in the diagnosis of these lesions. Furthermore, the value of the radiographic finding for treatment and follow-up studies is pointed out--in conservative as well as surgical treatment.
Histo-pathological classification of malignant breast tumors is compared with their morphological radiology. Shape, density and kind of growth of a tumor are not always in accordance and conclusion with its histological picture.
Twenty patients with Echinococcus cysticus and 15 with E. alveolaris were studied. Selective upper abdominal angiographies, performed in most of these cases, were reviewed retrospectively for typical angiographic changes. In a large percentage, E. cysticus demonstrated typical cystic and expansive signs; atypical vessels were rarely seen. How the "rim sign" develops is demonstrated. Usual signs of E. alveolaris are incomplete solid and necrotic space occupying lesions, as seen also in malignancy. Although angiography offers a high diagnostic rate in hepatic manifestation of this parasitic disease, it has been superseded today by sonography and computer tomography. It is, however, still a valuable investigation in pre-operative work-up.
Pseudotumors which are recognized by mammorgraphy as dense areas, can be classified by careful patient anamnesis and inspection of the organ. In most cases these lesions can be correlated with scars or tumorous changes of the skin. The so-called "drawing-pin" phenomenon mainly is resulting from skin retraction by Cooper's ligaments and secondly from immediate invasion of the tumor. In all these cases short time radiographic follow-up examinations are recommended instead of surgery.
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Presentation of radiographically apparent periosteal changes due to inflammation. Solid periosteal reaction is being distinguished from an interrupted-type reaction. Some cases of acute and chronic osteomyelitis, congenital and acquired lues, bony tuberculosis, leprosy and fungal disease serve to demonstrate the different types of periosteal reaction; and a differential diagnosis is being discussed. The diagnostic evaluation should include bone scanning in addition to routine radiography with special views and follow up examinations.
The indications of lingual tonsillectomy are conditioned by the symptoms of the patient. Without symptoms, no operation. If the conservative treatment does not minimize the clinical signs, surgical treatment is indicated. The surgical procedures vary with the degree of hyperplasia from the electrosurgical resection to an operative procedure with a lingual and laryngeal phase and previous tracheotomy.
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The first results of using a new film screen combination are reported; it consists of an industrial film and a fine grain screen. Film quality approximates that of conventional industrial film, but radiation dose is only 27.5%. The reduced film costs compensate for the greater complexity.
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A procedure for stroboscopic observation of vocal cord vibrations by means of a magnifying laryngoscope is reported. In addition, the clinical problems which can be managed successfully by this procedure are discussed.