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Biomedical subjects

V Bergmann

Publications and source records attributed to V Bergmann.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Staphylococcus aureus infection in chickens in industrialized poultry units. 3. Experimental infection of chickens and comparison of pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus of different origin].

Day-old chicks were subcutaneously infected with Staphylococcus aureus strains of site variety gallinae and crystalviolet Type A. The lysis patterns involved were with phages 84 as well as with phages 53, 77, and 84 of the international base scheme for human staphylococci. In fowl with synovitis and arthritis, osteomyelitis, dermatitis, and septicaemia, 52 of 57 tested strains (91.2 per cent) produced on the site of injection pathognomic oedematous-haemorrhagic and necrotising changes of the skin and hypodermis (haemorrhagic dermatitis) in a way which is characteristic also of natural diseases. However, no specific skin changes could be produced by subcutaneous infection of nine strains of site variety hominis or undefinable category with differentiated biochemical properties and lysis patterns. They had been isolated from cases of compound infection, salpingitis and wound infections as well as from one case of arthritis. Fifty-seven strains, obtained from mammals, were tested subcutaneously, on day-old chicks, among them 21 strains of site varieties of bovis, canis, ovis, and hominis. However, only four of those strains, isolated from miscarried pig foetuses and cattle with mastitis, caused, oedematisation and exudation (7.02 per cent), but no haemorrhagia and only minor lysis and necrosis of skin. The minimum dose required to induce haemolytic dermatitis was 11 x 10(3) pathogens, and the lowest lethal dose of six tested strains was between 11 x 10(5) and 26 x 10(7) pathogens. The lowest dose of mammalian strains with lethality to day-old chicks was [10 bis]10(4) times as high as the lowest dose of fowl strains. Subcutaneous infection of day-old chicks has worked well as a high-speed test by which to differentiate between fowl-pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus strains, on the one hand, and mammalian strains, on the other. The need for delimitation of such strains has been confirmed by the above experimental infections. Against the background of the above results, guidelines are proposed for the control of Staphylococcus aureus infection of fowl.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Staphylococcus aureus infection in chickens in industrialized poultry units. 1. Manifestations of Staphylococcus aureus infection in chickens].

Staphylococcus aureus infection has become an increasingly grave problem in industrialised poultry farming. This first communication in a series of publications on highly involved studies and experiments describes manifestations of the most common staphylococcal infections in fowl, including synovitis with arthritis, osteomyelitis, dermatitis, endocarditis, septicaemia, wound infection, and ophthalmitis. Reference in greater detail is made to manifestations with more important economic consequences, such as synovitis with arthritis, osteomyelitis, and dermatitis. Their frequency, dependence on age, clinical patterns, pathomorphology, pathogenesis are expounded together with peculiarities of differential diagnosis, with reference being made to findings obtained by the authors from their own studies on three industrialised poultry units.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Acute toxoplasmosis outbreak in rabbit flocks].

Acute toxoplasmosis occurred in 2-18 month old domestic rabbits of 15 flocks entailing losses of 3-66%. Pathomorphological examinations of 49 rabbits revealed lesions of a generalized granulomatous-necrotizing toxoplasmosis with spleen, liver, lungs and lymphonodes mainly affected. Similarities existed to pseudotuberculosis. The spleen was massively packed with pseudocysts and cysts of Toxoplasma. Electronmicroscopic examinations of organ specimens fixed in formalin assured the identity of Toxoplasma and serological tests (CFT, SFT, IFAT) as well as the mouse test confirmed it.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Changes of cardiac and skeletal muscle in pigs following transport stress. An electron microscopic study.

After lorry transport (60--120 min), fattening pigs (100--120 kg living weight) with clinical signs of exhaustion and acute circulation insufficiency showed acute ultrastructural damage to the myocard and the skeletal muscle. These represent the morphological equivalent of a stress induced cardiomyopathy and are to be counted among the stress myopathies of the pig. These changes may be caused particularly by the high lactate production of the predominantly glycolytically operating skeletal muscles and by the effects of cardial catecholamine release following transport stress. Attention is drawn to the model character of these changes for similar processes in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Electron microscopic studies in enzootic muscular dystrophy in cattle].

Electron microscopy was used to examine the sekeletal muscles of young cattle, aged between 13 and 24 months, with spontaneous enzootic myodystrophy (nutritional myodegeneration due to selenium deficiency, white muscle disease). The animals had been received from Sumava District, Southern Bohemia, an area known for shortage of selenium. Outbreaks of clinical illness were recorded from them between four and 18 days from the beginning of grazing. Most of the ultrastructural changes included decomposition of myofibrils and hyalinisation of fibres as well as defective fibril synthesis (Z-striation abnormality), some of the latter phenomena recordable even from regenerating fibre. However, minor disorders only were established from the mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, components of sarcoplasm, and vessels. There were far-reaching ultrastructural similarities to nutritional myodegeneration of sheep. The changes recorded are likely to suggest a specific role played by selenium in the formation and preservation of myofibril proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Electron microscopic findings in the skeletal musculature of broilers with nutritional encephalomalacia].

Sings of myopathy were recorded by means of electron microscopy from the skeletal muscles of 20 broiler chickens, aged five and six weeks and suffering from spontaneous nutritional encephalomalacia. Focal deposits of osmiophilic, granular or amorphous matter, intermixed also with membrane fragments and condensed to homogenous osmiophilic bodies, were found quite often in the sarcoplasm. Those deposits were interpreted as lipoproteid complexes (pigmentation due to vitamin E deficit). Also observed were degenerative disorders of compensatory reactions of membraneous fibre organelles (sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria) as well as decomposition of myofibrils and fibre hyalinization. Fibre regeneration and vascular damage occurred less often. Pathogenetically, the changes are interpreted particularly with regard to a membrane-stabilising anti-oxidant action of vitamin E and compared to the selenium-dependent myopathies of ruminants from which primary myofibrillar damage was recordable but no pigment accumulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Structure of inclusion bodies and electron microscopic virus detection in naturally occurring inclusion body hepatitis in chickens].

Electron microscopy was used to examine the liver of chickens with spontaneous inclusion body hepatitis. Eosinophilic inclusion bodies only were established from two flocks, mainly amphophilic from one flock, and primarily basophilic from another two flocks. Eosinophilic inclusion bodies were predominant in broiler chickens with dystrophic fatty degeneration of the liver, while basophile inclusion bodies were recorded primarily from parental or laying-hen chickens with reduced metabolic stress of the liver and more focal necrosis. The eosinophilic inclusion bodies consitsed of a filamentous matrix, with virus particles not safely detectable. The amphophilic inclusion bodies contained parvovirus particles, most likely adenoassociated virus, while the basophilic inclusion bodies inclused parvoviruses or adenoviruses (in flock NO. IV) or adenoviruses only (in flock No. V) in an amorphous chromatin matrix. The presence of parvoviruses in field material was taken to suggest a possible role of those pathogens in inclusion body hepatitis.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1978

[Ultrastructural changes in the pig heart following transport stress].

The myocardium of ten selected hybrid fattening pigs of different origin was examined by electron microscopy, immediately following lorry transport of something between 60 and 120 minutes. The animals were severely exhausted, and some of them had collapsed. While little information was obtainable from the histological findings, ultrastructural tests revealed multiple focal myofibrillolysis (destruction of I-band and Z-band). Oedematisation, loss of glycogen, and hydropic degeneration of mitochondria were processes additionally recorded from the muscular fibres. The terminal vessels exhibited hydropic endothelia swellings which narrowed vascular lumens, focal statis, and incipient thrombosis. Those changes suggested an involvement of the myocardium in the pathogenesis of transport death and justified the definition of those phenomena as "stress-caused cardiomyopathy" in the wider context of stress myopathies of swine.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Electronmicroscopic findings in the skeletal muscles of newborn swine with congenital splayleg].

Pathomorphological studies were taken of 104 muscle samples (including M. longissimus dorsi, adductor, semimembranaceus) obtained from 26 piglets, aged between one and three days and received from six stocks (large whites, land race, hybrids), which exhibited symptoms of congenital splayleg. Presence of myofibrillar hypoplasia or disseminated necrotisation of fibre was established by light microscopy. Some of the piglets, however, failed to exhibit substantive changes at all. Four types of fibre were differentiated by electron microscopy: (1) the normal type (with intact fibrils, plenty of lipids etc.), (2) the hypoplastic type (inhibition of protein synthesis, lack and immaturity of fibrils, disorder of paraplasmatic substances), (3) the dystrophic type (variable defects of fibrils, decay), (4) the primitive type (myoplastlike cell elements with precipitate fibrillogenesis). While those types were of variegated intramuscular occurrence, some predominance was established of dystrophic changes. Hence, spraddle-legged piglets seem to be afflicted with disorder of muscular development accompanied by signs of myopathy. Outbreak and intensity of clinical symptoms are believed to depend on exogenous factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Comparison of postmortal changes in the ultrastructure of the masseter muscle and the longissimus dorsi muscle in pigs with PSE-meat].

Samples of the two muscles were taken from 8 Landrace fattened pigs, affected with pale, soft exudative meat, during stunning and 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after death; also 2, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after slaughter, with storage at 20 degrees C for the first six hours and 2-5 degrees C subsequently. Considerable changes were found during the first hour after death, or even in samples taken during stunning, in longissimus dorsi samples. These consisted of destruction of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum, breakdown of cell membranes, liberation of clumps of fibre protein, disappearance of glycogen, rigor and destruction of capillaries. Such changes would account for the features of pale, soft exudative meat such as water loss, brief rigor, pale colour, deficiency of energy-rich phosphates. By contrast, in the masseter muscles of the same animal these changes did not occur until later, or were in port absent. In both muscle the breakdown of fibres took place by destruction of the "I" bands and the "Z" strips, and this process also commenced in longissimus dorsi before masseter.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Histological and electron microscopy studies on the adenocarcinomatosis of laying hens].

Histological examination of 187 tumours from 98 hens (laying hybrids of various lines, age 80-123 weeks) showed that highly-differentiated tubulo-alveolar adenocarcinoma was present in 95% of the birds; in 20% it had a scirrhus structure. Histological and ultrastructural features of these carcinomas and their tendency to form secretory granules pointed to an origin from the protein-secreting part of the oviduct (magnum). In the remaining 5% of birds there were non-specific adenocarcinomas (probably ovarian carcinoma) and mesotheliomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗