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Biomedical subjects

V Bishop

Publications and source records attributed to V Bishop.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Identifying the characteristics of optimum practice: findings from a survey of practice experts in nursing, midwifery and health visiting.

In a questionnaire survey in England of 1221 practising nurses, midwives and health visitors, 18 key characteristics of optimum practice, made up from 77 sub-item categories, were identified by respondents. Five open-ended questions asked respondents to consider various aspects of optimum practice and to comment on factors which encouraged those in practice to deliver care of the highest quality. Consensus of view was obtained through a Delphi approach. The researchers offer commentary on the implications of this research for commissioners, providers and the professions and suggest action for those concerned with the provision of health care.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Comparison of single dose with a five-day course of trimethoprim for asymptomatic (covert) bacteriuria of pregnancy.

Sixty consecutive pregnant women with asymptomatic (covert) bacteriuria detected between 16 and 30 weeks gestation were randomly allocated to treatment with either a single 600 mg dose or a standard five-day course of trimethoprim. Twenty-seven of 30 women were cured with a single dose. Six of these 27 women were reinfected later in the pregnancy. Twenty-four of 30 women treated with a five-day course of trimethoprim were cured, and five became reinfected later in the pregnancy. One women vomited the single dose. There were no detrimental effects on the outcome of the pregnancies. Single dose therapy should be considered as the treatment of choice for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of bacterial cystitis with a single dose of trimethoprim, co-trimoxazole or amoxycillin compared with a course of trimethoprim.

A single dose of trimethoprim, co-trimoxazole or amoxycillin was compared with a five-day course of trimethoprim for the treatment of bacterial cystitis in general practice. The respective cure rates were 80%, 80%, 65% and 86%. These differences were not statistically significant. Side effects were minimal. Single dose therapy is recommended as the treatment of choice for bacterial cystitis in domiciliary practice.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1984

Relationship between contraceptive method and vaginal flora.

This study was undertaken to assess whether the vaginal flora was affected by the method of contraception, and in particular as to whether the incidence of vaginal candidiasis increased when oral contraceptives were used. One thousand and two consecutive vaginal or cervical swabs from women attending a family planning centre were cultured. Candida albicans was isolated from 13% of women using no contraception, 16% using oral contraceptives, and from 9%, 19% and 18% of those using diaphragms, intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD) and condoms respectively. These differences were not statistically significant. Women using an IUCD had significantly more Gram-positive cocci cultured than women in any other group, while those using diaphragms had significantly more Gram-negative bacilli. Our clinical impression that the use of oral contraceptives led to an increase in vaginal candidiasis, was not confirmed by this study.

Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of augmentin with co-trimoxazole for treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

Augmentin was compared with co-trimoxazole for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in general practice. All 28 patients randomly allocated to treatment with co-trimoxazole were cured. Of the 24 patients treated with augmentin 20(83%) were cured. The cure rate with co-trimoxazole was significantly greater (p = 0.039) than with augmentin. One patient treated with co-trimoxazole developed a skin rash. Two patients treated with augmentin developed severe diarrhoea and abdominal pain and a further two light-headedness. Two of the patients who failed augmentin treatment were reinfected with an augmentin-resistant organism. Twelve of the 52 pathogens were resistant to amoxycillin. One of these 12 was also resistant to augmentin and two only moderately sensitive. An additional three patients were excluded from the study because their infecting pathogen was resistant to augmentin. Augmentin would appear to have a place in the treatment of amoxycillin-resistant bacterial infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of trimethoprim alone with co-trimoxazole and sulphamethizole for treatment of urinary tract infections.

This study was undertaken to compare the effectiveness of trimethoprim alone (300 mg daily) with both cotrimoxazole (0.96 g 12-hourly) and sulphamethizole (1 g eight-hourly) for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in general practice. Treatment was continued for five days in all patients. Twenty patients were included in each group. The cure rates (sterile urine one week after finishing treatment) for trimethoprim, co-trimoxazole and sulphamethizole were 90, 95 and 90% respectively. Side effects were minimal. It is recommended that trimethoprim alone replace co-trimoxazole for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of single dose with a 5-day course of co-trimoxazole for asymptomatic (covert) bacteriuria of pregnancy.

Forty-four pregnant women with covert (asymptomatic) bacteriuria proven by suprapubic bladder aspiration were randomly allocated to treatment with either a single 1.92g dose or a standard 5-day course of co-trimoxazole. Twenty-one of 24 women were cured with a single dose. Seven of these 21 women were reinfected later in the pregnancy. All 20 women treated with a 5-day course of co-trimoxazole were cured, and 2 became reinfected later in the pregnancy. There were no side-effects of treatment, and no detrimental effects on the outcome of pregnancy. Single dose therapy should be considered as the treatment of choice for covert bacteriuria in pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Single dose doxycycline, cefuroxime and pivmecillinam for treatment of bacterial cystitis.

There is now considerable evidence showing the benefits of single dose antibacterial treatment for uncomplicated urinary tract infections. If single dose therapy is to become widely used it is necessary to clarify the minimum effective dose of the most efficient drugs. This paper reports three trials in women presenting in general practice with bacterial cystitis. In each trial the patients were randomly allocated to either a five day course of oral co-trimoxazole (CTM) or to doxycycline 300 mg orally, cefuroxime 1.5 g intramuscularly or pivmecillinam 600 mg orally. Thirty-eight of 45 patients treated with doxycycline were cured, compared with 44 or 45 treated with CTM. Fourteen of 20 women given cefuroxime were cured, compared with 19 of 20 prescribed CTM. Twenty-three of 30 women treated with pivmecillinam were cured, compared with all 30 given CTM. None of these three drugs, when administered as a single dose, was as effective as a single 1.92 g or 2.88 g dose of CTM used in our previous studies in domiciliary practice. These studies confirmed, however, that single dose therapy was well tolerated, preferred by the patients and side effects were minimal.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

Cefoperazone in the treatment of severe or complicated infections.

We report the use of cefoperazone in 62 cases of serious infection, most of which occurred in patients with renal impairment. 43 severe or complicated urinary tract infections, 11 cases of pneumonia and 8 with other severe sepsis were treated with cefoperazone 1 to 2 g twice daily usually for 5 to 10 days. Of the patients with urinary tract infection, all who were symptomatic showed a rapid clinical response; 26 (61%) were cured including 11 of 16 with chronic renal failure; 12 relapsed and 5 were reinfected with a different pathogen. All of these patients were infected by organisms sensitive to cefoperazone by disc testing but in 5 of those who relapsed the cefoperazone MIC was in fact greater than or equal to 50 microgram/ml. Ten of 11 cases with radiologically confirmed pneumonia were cured with cefoperazone. 7 episodes of pneumonia were in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure (6 were on dialysis) and 1 was in a patient with acute renal failure. Seven of 8 cases with severe sepsis were cured with cefoperazone. 1 patient was withdrawn from the study when acute bronchospasm followed a 2 g intravenous dose. 2 of the successfully treated patients had functioning renal transplants, 2 of 3 with severe chronic renal failure were on dialysis and 1 had acute renal failure. Side effects included minor disturbances of liver function in 6 patients (11%), diarrhoea in 7 (13%) and marked alcohol intolerance in one, 4 patients with chronic renal failure developed a coagulation disorder which was corrected with vitamin K. None of the patients showed deterioration in renal function while receiving cefoperazone. Cefoperazone promises to be an effective drug for the treatment of a wide spectrum of severe infections in hospitalised patients including those with impaired renal function.

Adolescent↗