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Biomedical subjects

V Boschi

Publications and source records attributed to V Boschi.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Application of the SCOFF, Eating Attitude Test 26 (EAT 26) and Eating Inventory (TFEQ) Questionnaires in young women seeking diet-therapy.

BACKGROUND: Eating disorders (EDs) affect an increasing proportion of young women in western countries. Psychometric questionnaires represent valuable tools to investigate various and critical areas directly involved in the pathogenesis of EDS and to support diagnosis and therapeutic decisions. METHODS: 162 young women (16-35 years old) seeking diet therapy were recruited. We classified subjects in normal eating behaviour (NEB) (n = 87), binge eating disorder (BED) (n = 12) and bulimic EDNOS (Eating Disorders not Otherwise Specified) (n = 63). The SCOFF, Eating Attitudes Test (EAT 26) and Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) were administered. Body mass index (BMI) was utilised to assess the nutritional status. An analysis of the reliability and validity (sensitivity and specificity) of the SCOFF, EAT 26 and TFEQ was performed. RESULTS: Body mass index (BMI) of NEB, BED and bulimic EDNOS was 27.7, 35 and 31.1, respectively. BED showed the highest values at the dishinibition, hunger and food preoccupation scales but conversely, they were the least restrained group. The SCOFF was significantly associated with the dishinibition (r = 0.31), hunger (0.31), dieting (r = 0.34) and food preoccupation scales (r = 0.34). The reliability analysis showed that the SCOFF, EAT 26 and TFEQ had a Cronbach alpha of 0.47, 0.85 and 0.75, respectively. The ROC curves identified cut off points of 3, 10 and 25 as the best compromise between specificity and sensitivity for the SCOFF, EAT 26 and TFEQ, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The SCOFF is a valuable tool for the screening of abnormal eating behaviours but the diagnosis should be always confirmed and supported by the administration of other questionnaires and structured interviews. We have also confirmed the high reliability of the EAT 26 and TFEQ even though the utilisation of these questionnaires has generated some issues about their application in populations characterised by loss of control and overeating episodes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Which REE prediction equation should we use in normal-weight, overweight and obese women?

BACKGROUND & AIMS: In our modern society, there is a growing and increasing prevalence of overweight, obesity and eating disorders and young female subjects frequently ask for nutritional counselling. Resting energy expenditure (REE) is essential to provide a sound diet to subjects seeking nutritional support. We perform a critical selection of accurate and reliable prediction equations employed on normal-weight, overweight and obese young women. METHODS: REE of 157 young women of Caucasian race (18-35 years)was measured with indirect calorimetry and was compared with the principal prediction equations (Harris and Benedict, Owen, Mifflin, WHO, Bernstein and Robertson and Reid). The statistical analysis used to compare measured and the predicted REE was paired t -test, +/-95% confidence interval and Bland and Altman method. The influence of weight loss on the prediction error was estimated in 31 subjects. An additional REE measurement was performed on patients who had lost >or=5% of the initial body weight due to a sound low-calorie diet. RESULTS: The equations more reliable in our study are Owen's equation in normal-weight subjects, Bernstein's equation in overweight subjects and Robertson and Reid's equation in obese subjects. Weight was a significant variable according to the stepwise regression analysis resulting in the following equation: 542.2 + 11.5 kg;R(2) : 0.59. Weight loss decisively increased the overestimation of the equations and only Owen's equation maintained the error of prediction within acceptable limits. CONCLUSIONS: The equation of Owen in normal weight, Bernstein in overweight and of Robertson and Reid in obese subjects should be chosen when we have to predict REE in young women. Due to metabolic adaptation occurring during therapeutic or spontaneous energy restriction, we suggest to use Owen' s equation.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2003

Body composition, eating behavior, food-body concerns and eating disorders in adolescent girls.

AIMS: Dieting is a behavioral phenomenon which is becoming more frequent among adolescents and the search for weight loss, through dieting, may result in an unbalanced nutrition both quantitatively and qualitatively. Our study intended to look at the eating habits and behavior on a cohort of adolescent girls to verify the presence of unbalanced diets and the prevalence of eating disorders with particular attention to the partial syndromes (EDNOS). METHODS: A cross-sectional double-stage study was carried out on a group of schoolgirls in the suburbs of Naples. We assessed anthropometrical measures, body composition (skinfolds and bioimpedance analysis), dietary intake by means of 3-day food records and we administered the Eating Disorder Inventory 2 and Psychosocial Factor Risk Questionnaire. A multidisciplinary and double-stage approach had been used to get a better diagnosis of eating disorders in our sample. RESULTS: 156 adolescent girls, 14-18 years old, took part in our study. Height, weight, and BMI were 160.38 cm, 58 kg and 22.6, respectively. Analysis of food intake showed that all the values reported, with the exception of lipids and sodium, were below the recommendations by LARN. We observed a prevalence of 1.28% of bulimia nervosa, 1.28% of binge eating, and 10.25% of eating disorders not otherwise specified. EDI 2 and PRFQ confirmed how important drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction dimensions are when we deal with adolescent girls and with the phenomenon of dieting. The study confirmed the validity of the PRFQ questionnaire to evaluate mass media influence on body perception and eating behavior of adolescents. CONCLUSION: Multidisciplinary and well-designed studies are needed to systematically and accurately study eating habits and behavior of adolescents to tackle more efficiently the increasing spread of eating disorders and obesity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Interdisciplinary treatment of a female outpatient population. Organizational model and preliminary results.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of diet alone vs interdisciplinary therapy. METHOD: 256 women were divided into an interdisciplinary therapy group composed of 102 subjects and a control group composed of 154 subjects treated by means of diet alone. RESULTS: 21.56% of the interdisciplinary group did not come for the 2 check-ups compared with 49.35% of the diet group (p < 0.001). A weight loss of 5.88 kg and 4.18 kg for the interdisciplinary and the diet group was recorded 8 weeks after the start of the programme (second check-up). DISCUSSION: Interdisciplinary therapy is necessary to personalize treatment and satisfy the patient's desire and need for appropriate and effective management.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

The three-factor eating questionnaire in the evaluation of eating behaviour in subjects seeking participation in a dietotherapy programme.

AIM: To evaluate the eating behaviour in normal-weight, overweight, and obese women seeking participation in a diet-based programme of weight reduction or achievement of ideal body weight. METHODS: Thirty-seven obese, 42 overweight, and 14 normal-weight subjects, seen at an Italian university outpatient clinic, were asked to complete the Stunkard and Messick three-factor eating questionnaire (TFEQ). The TFEQ is designed to evaluate three different factors in eating behaviour: restraint, disinhibition, and hunger. Forty-eight mothers of children attending public primary schools (25 normal weight and 23 overweight) served as controls. RESULTS: Significantly altered scores of cognitive restraint were observed both in normal-weight and in overweight subjects of the outpatient clinic as compared with normal-weight and overweight control women. Outpatient clinic overweight women scored significantly higher in terms of disinhibition as compared with overweight control subjects. Among outpatient clinic subjects, overweight women showed higher scores of disinhibition but similar values of cognitive restraint as compared with outpatient clinic normal-weight subjects. In obese patients, the scores of disinhibition and hunger were higher than those observed in outpatient clinic normal-weight subjects, whereas values of cognitive restraint were significantly lower. As compared with outpatient clinic overweight women, obese subjects showed significantly lower values of cognitive restraint. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in TFEQ results are a frequent feature in subjects seeking participation in programmes of weight reduction or ideal body weight achievement. This may reflect a possible impairment in eating behaviour.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

The Eating Disorder Inventory in evaluation of impaired eating behaviour in subjects requesting nutritional consultation.

The present study evaluated impaired eating behaviour in women seeking participation in a diet-based programme of weight reduction or achievement of ideal body weight. Forty-seven obese, 42 overweight and 14 normal-weight subjects, attending an Italian university outpatient clinic completed the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI). Forty-eight mothers of primary school children (25 normal-weight and 23 overweight) were used as controls. The EDI consists of 8 subscales, 3 evaluating psychopathology related to eating disorders (drive for thinness, bulimia, body dissatisfaction) and 5 evaluating general psychopathology (intereoceptive awareness, ineffectiveness, maturity fears, perfectionism, interpersonal distrust). Significantly altered scores in the first three subscales were observed both in normal-weight and overweight outpatients compared to the controls. The overweight outpatients scored higher than the obese patients in terms of drive for thinness and bulimia and higher than the normal-weight women for terms of bulimia, body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. The overweight controls scored significantly higher than the normal-weight controls in the first three subscales in the remaining subscales, mean values were also higher in the overweight group, though significance was only reached in the interpersonal distrust and interoceptive awareness subscales. Impaired eating behaviour is frequent in subjects seeking participation in weight reduction or ideal body weight achievement programmes.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Effectiveness of in-ward management of femoral access after invasive procedures using large sheaths.

BACKGROUND: The cost-effectiveness of expensive suture mediation devices for the management of femoral access is currently under investigation, while the effectiveness of in-ward femoral access management by standard care has not yet been assessed. METHODS: To determine whether a logistic model that includes management of femoral access by the cardiology ward staff is effective, 945 consecutive invasive procedures using > or = 8 Fr sheaths were prospectively screened over a 6-month study period. Vascular complications included: any need for surgical or endovascular repair, ultrasound-guided compression, any femoral or iliac bleeding requiring blood transfusion. RESULTS: During the study period there were 581 diagnostic procedures, and 364 interventional procedures. Interventional procedures included 98 primary PTCA, 42 coronary atherectomies, and 39 intraaortic balloon pump supported PTCA. Vascular complication rate was 1.6% (surgical repair 0.2%, ultrasound-guided compression 1.1%, blood transfusion 0.3%). CONCLUSIONS: The vascular access management by the cardiology ward staff was associated with a very low rate of vascular complications. This policy may play a role in reducing costs and improving logistics.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Vestibular ototoxicity in children: a retrospective study of 52 cases.

We have carried out a study on 52 patients treated during childhood with potentially ototoxic drugs. The evaluation of vestibular function was carried out long after treatment. In most of the cases there was a parallelism between hearing and vestibular deficit. Manifest impairment of the vestibular function was demonstrated in 4 subjects, without remarkable hearing loss, who had previously been treated with streptomycin during childhood. Furthermore, in the case of 19 subjects, a considerable deambulation delay was noticed (in one case it revealed itself after the fourth year of life) which was attributable to a real injury to the vestibular structures. Finally, almost all examined subjects showed a dysfunction of equilibrium and a noticeable tendency to kinetopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Functional and radiologic changes in workers in the asbestos-cement industry].

The influence of asbestos fibers on the radiologic and functional parameters in workers from the asbestos-cement factory was analyzed. 202 workers were examined each year for the last three years, while some of the workers were followed up to the last 10 years. It was found that the lung damage due to asbestos exposure is expressed highly individually. Some examinees had abnormal chest x-ray and normal lung function, some had abnormal function and normal x-ray, while only in advanced cases we found both radiologic and functional abnormalities. In addition to previously described lung function abnormalities, the authors found that some examinees had an increase in diffusing capacity in the early phase of asbestosis. The importance of dynamic lung functional measurements in workers exposed to asbestos is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Values of a number of blood parameters and body growth of rats subjected to fetal and post-natal protein malnutrition].

Nests of rats, generated by mothers receiving synthetic diets of different protein content during gestation and in post-pregnancy phase, have been kept under observation during suckling and after weaning care being taken that offspring received the same diet as characterised maternal feeding. It was found that in the animals receiving hypoproteic diet (6% proteins), early induced malnutrition extended up to the 40th day of life, namely the term for the cellular subdivision of almost all organs, cuts body growth by about 80% compared to control rats, and is accompanied by a remarkable drop in packed-cell volume and haemoglobin value. In parallel, the electrophoretic pictures of hypoproteic rats were characterised by a drop in serous albumin, offset by a marked rise in beta and gamma globulin, Finally, evaluation of the weigh ratios between the brain and other organs of vital importance, underlines the preferential growth of the cerebral mass in rats receiving an inadequate protein supply.

Animals↗