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V Briese

Publications and source records attributed to V Briese.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Immunohistochemical expression of inhibin-alpha in human endometrium and the in vitro secretion of inhibin, estradiol and cortisol in cultured human endometrial glandular cells.

BACKGROUND: Inhibins are multipotent dimeric glycoproteins, composed of an alpha-subunit and one of two possible beta-subunits (betaA or betaB). Aims of this study were (a): the immunohistochemical characterisation of normal human endometrium for the inhibin-alpha subunit; (b) the assessment of the secretion and metabolism of inhibin, E2 and cortisol; (c) the evaluation of any relationship between these three substances in cell culture medium of isolated and cultivated normal human endometrial glandular cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples of human endometrium were obtained from 34 premenopausal patients. Nineteen endometrial specimen (proliferative [PP] n=8; early secretory [ES] n=7; late secretory phase [LS] n=4) were brought into cell culture. Fifteen endometrial specimen (PP n=5; ES n=5; LS n=5) were paraffin-fixed and used for the immunohistochemical analysis for inhibin-alpha. Stromal and epithelial cells were separated by collagenase digestions, filtrations, sedimentations and Ficoll-gradient centrifugation. E2 and cortisol were measured with radioimmunoassay (RIA) and inhibin with enzyme-immunoassay (EIA). Statistical analysis was performed with the non-parametric Mann-Whitney rank-sum test and linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Inhibin-alpha showed a weak (positive) expression during proliferative phase, which increased significantly as the menstrual cycle continued. In secretory glands the mean inhibin concentration was higher than that from proliferative samples. A significant correlation was observed between inhibin and E2 (p<0.001) as well as cortisol and inhibin (p<0.0001) in glands from proliferative phase. Between inhibin and E2 (p<0.05) as well as inhibin and cortisol (p<0.002) a significant correlation in early secretory glands was also noted. In late secretory phase inhibin and E2 (r2=0.78650; p<0.0001), inhibin and cortisol (r2=0.58326; p<0.001) and E2 and cortisol (r2=0.52880; p<0.001) showed a significant correlation. DISCUSSION: In conclusion, we found a cyclical expression of inhibin-alpha subunit in the endometrium demonstrated by immunohistochemical means. A higher in vitro secretion of inhibin from secretory glands was also observed. In addition, a significant correlation between inhibin with E2 and cortisol in PP and ES glands and a significant correlation between inhibin, E2 and cortisol in LS glands could also be demonstrated. We conclude that inhibin can be associated with E2 and cortisol metabolism, playing an important role in paracrine/autocrine mechanisms in the endometrium and possibly exerting its function through cortisol and E2. The cortisol concentration also correlates with E2, suggesting a link between these steroids in the endometrial function. The correlation of inhibin, E2 and cortisol suggest complex autocrine/ paracrine mechanisms in human endometrial glands, modulated and controlled by all these three substances.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Complete bilateral crossed ureteral duplication observed during a radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy for ovarian cancer. A case report.

Complete bilateral ureteral duplication is a rare malformation. We report the case of a patient diagnosed with ovarian cancer, in which complete crossed bilateral ureteral duplication was observed during a planned radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy operation. If unilateral duplication is observed on one side, the existence of a similar malformation on the opposite side should always be suspected. Although bilateral ureteral duplication is an even rarer malformation than unilateral, it should be always considered as a differential diagnosis.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed2002

Expression of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen and of its putative carrier protein mucin 1 in the human placenta and in trophoblast cells in vitro.

The Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen (or, more precisely, epitope Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha-O-) has been known for a long time as a carcinoma-associated antigen. In normal tissues the occurrence of TF antigen is restricted to a few immunologically privileged areas. Here we report on the identification of the TF epitope and its putative carrier protein mucin 1 (MUC1) in human placental tissue, on isolated trophoblast cells in vitro and on trophoblast tumour cell lines BeWo and Jeg3. Cryosections of placental and decidual tissues of the first, second and third trimester were double stained with monoclonal antibodies directed against the TF epitope (IgM) and against MUC1 (IgG). In the first trimester of pregnancy we found strong expression of TF antigen and MUC1 at the apical side of the syncytiotrophoblast directed towards the maternal blood. This expression was consistent in the second trimester of pregnancy, and to a lesser degree in the third trimester. In addition, we found positive staining for TF antigen and MUC1 on extravillous trophoblast cells in the decidua during the first and second trimester of pregnancy. Trophoblast tumour cells of the cell line BeWo, which form a syncytium in vitro, were also positive for TF antigen and MUC1, whereas Jeg3 cells, which are unable to form a syncytium, expressed only MUC1. Freshly isolated trophoblast cells from first trimester placentas showed strong staining for MUC1; however, only a few of these cells (less than 1%) were positive for TF antigen, and might consist of digested fragments of the syncytium. In summary, TF antigen and MUC1 are expressed by the syncytiotrophoblast at the feto-maternal interface and by extravillous trophoblast cells invading the decidua, whereas villous cytotrophoblast cells in situ as well as freshly isolated trophoblast cells from first trimester placentas only express MUC1 but not TF antigen.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed2000

Immunohistochemical analysis of steroid receptors and glycodelin A (PP14) in isolated glandular epithelial cells of normal human endometrium.

Highly purified fractions of isolated endometrial cells can be useful for investigating endometrial function. After a first collagenase digestion, normal human endometrial stromal and epithelial cells were separated by filtration. Glands were purified further by two collagenase digestion steps, filtration, differential sedimentations, and Ficoll gradient centrifugation. Epithelial cells were polyhedral and grew as islands in a whorl-like wavy pattern around glandular fragments. High cell culture purity was confirmed with the positive immunohistochemical reaction against cytokeratin 7,8,18,19. Isolated human glands had a similar distribution pattern of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) as observed in vivo, suggesting that glands have a functional hormone receptor system at the time of plating. Using a specific monoclonal antibody against glycodelin A (GdA), a characteristic cyclical expression was demonstrated during the menstrual cycle. The GdA reaction was weak in the proliferative phase, increasing significantly till the late secretory phase, suggesting a similar GdA concentration in vitro as observed in vivo glands. In conclusion, this method could be a model for studying endometrial glandular cells from different menstrual phases, endometrial cell interactions, implantation mechanisms, GdA regulation mechanisms, and pharmacological or other influences on ER and PR alteration.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Determination of cytokine mRNA-expression in term human placenta of patients with gestational hypertension, intrauterine growth retardation and gestational diabetes mellitus using polymerase chain reaction.

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to test the hypothesis, that pregnancy-related diseases are going along with changes in cytokine mRNA-expression at the placental site, either as a part of a pathological process or in connection with regulatory mechanisms induced by disturbances at the feto-maternal interface resulting from previous pathological changes--in the sense of counterregulation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The cytokines chosen for this investigation are known to 1.) be expressed in the human placental tissue, 2.) to be involved in immunological processes and 3.) the regulation of growth and differentiation processes of different cell types of the placenta or decidua, 4.) to play a role in the angiogenesis at the feto-placental interface and 5.) to be involved in pathological processes in other human diseases. 32 samples derived from term human placentas were examined for messenger RNA levels of interleukin 1 alpha (II-1 alpha), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), platelet derived growth factor-A chain (PDGF-A), platelet derived growth factor-B chain (PDGF-B), and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R) using a semiquantitative reverse transcriptase (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol. To calibrate samples in our procedure, beta-actin mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) known as a "house keeping" gene was proven to be constantly expressed. The sample-groups consisted of normal pregnancies (n = 8), gestational hypertension (GH, n = 7), intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR, n = 6), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM, n = 5), and gemini (n = 3 x 2). RESULTS: Throughout the 32 samples, a significant correlation between PDGF-A and PDGF-R expression, PDGF-A and TNF-alpha expression was stated (p = 0.007). Compared with the pattern of expression in normal placentas, placentas of growth retarded pregnancies had higher Il-1 alpha mRNA (p = 0.016), PDGF-A (p = 0.029) and PDGF-B (p = 0.001) levels. The samples of the gestational hypertension group and placentas of patients with gestational diabetes displayed a significantly stronger PDGF-R mRNA signal (p = 0.0029 and p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Though these marked differences in cytokine mRNA levels between clinical groups were statistically proven, clear correlation of these differences with clinical data was not found.

Actins↗
PubMed2000

[Human amniotic fluid transferrin stimulates progesterone production by human trophoblast cells in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: During pregnancy transferrin plays a key role as an iron transport protein to serve the increased fetal demands of iron. Transferrin is also present in relatively high concentrations in amniotic fluid [6], showing a different glycosylation compared with serum transferrin. The biological function of human amniotic fluid transferrin (hAFT) is still unknown. In addition trophoblast cells also synthesise transferrin. Transferrin synthesised by the trophoblast shows a special glycosylation. We found identical carbohydrate structure of hAFT and trophoblast transferrin. We investigated the influence of hAFT on the progesterone-, cortisol- and hCG-release of trophoblasts in culture compared with the influence of human holo- and apo-serum transferrin on the release of these hormones. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cytotrophoblast cells were prepared from human term placentae by standard trypsin-DNAse dispersion of villous tissue followed by a percoll gradient centrifugation step. When placed in culture, the trophoblasts were incubated with varying concentrations (50-300 micrograms/ml) of human amniotic fluid- and serum-transferrin. Unstimulated cells of each placenta used as controls. Culture supernatants were assayed for progesterone, hCG and cortisol by enzyme-immunometric methods. RESULTS: Our results show, that the release of progesterone increased in hAFT-treated cell cultures compared to untreated cell cultures. Holo- and apo-serumtransferrin did not show any effect on the progesterone release by trophoblast cells in vitro. Neither hAFT nor holo- and apo-serum transferrin had any effect on the cortisol- and hCG-release in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: Progesterone is a marker for differentiation of trophoblasts in syncytiotrophoblasts. Only hAFT stimulates the progesterone production. We suggest, that hAFT can modulate the endocrine function of trophoblast cells in culture by regulating progesterone production.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed2000

Absolute quantification of human chorionic gonadotropin-beta mRNA with TaqMan detection. 4.

We describe a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for determination of human chorionic gonadotropin-beta (HCG beta) mRNA copies using the TaqMan system. To evaluate our quantitative assay, we analyzed HCG beta transcripts of all protein coding genes (HCG beta 5, 3, 8, and 7) in human RNA panels of different normal tissues and in glycodelin-A-stimulated trophoblast cell cultures. Absolute quantification using HCG beta TaqMan probe was found to be highly reproducible. Our study of RNA panels confirms recently published results that expression of HCG beta transcripts is a common feature of a great variety of different normal tissues. High levels of HCG beta mRNAs (> 1,000 molecules per 200 ng RNA) were detected in placenta, uterus, and testis. An increase of HCG beta mRNA expression (1.7-fold) was detected at 150 micrograms/mL glycodelin-A treatment in trophoblast cell culture. Time-dependence study showed that the increase in HCG beta mRNA level was evident at 60 min after glycodelin-A treatment. In summary, we have developed a highly sensitive one-tube, one-enzyme quantitative RT-PCR system that is time-saving and avoids postamplification procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Immunolabelling of spliceosomes in sections and cultured astrocytes of human fetal brain tissue.

In the cell nucleus first large pre-mRNAs are synthesized which contain protein coding as well as non-coding sequences. The latter are removed in a process called splicing which takes place in nuclear spliceosomes. These spliceosomes consist among others of protein factors, such as the splicing factor SC35 being abundant in speckled regions of the cell nucleus. This study aims at determining immunostaining patterns using anti-SC35 in sections of the human fetal prosencephalon and cultured human astrocytes. Within the allocortical entorhinal region of the fifth gestational month the number, size and distribution of SC35-positive speckles varies considerably among the laminae which can, thus, clearly be delineated. The immature isocortical plate, however, does not display a laminar arrangement at this developmental stage. Differential immunostaining patterns can be seen in subcortical areas. Cultured human astrocytes reveal numerous speckles occupying a large portion of the nucleoplasm. On account of the SC35-immunostaining patterns no distinction of subpopulations of astrocytes is possible. The results demonstrate that SC35-immunoreactive speckles show lamina and area-specific characteristics of human fetal brain sections. Conspicuous differences in number, size and distribution of speckles are visible in different cytoarchitectonic structures; thus, architectonic borders stand out clearly in SC35-immunopreparations. The occurrence of area-specific immunolabelling of nuclear speckle domains reflects neuronal differentiation at the pre-translational level. It may be assumed that a distinct set of proteins, generated by a definite nerve cell type, can be correlated with a distinct morphology of spliceosomes. The in vitro finding indicates that anti-SC35 may well be used as a tool to study possible alterations of the speckles after, for instance, application of growth factors.

Astrocytes↗
PubMed1999

[Validity of cardiotocography in the detection of umbilical cord complications].

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity of cardiotocography for the detection of cord complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A low-risk population of 4196 cases was selected in which cord complications have been recognized in 34.3%. Cases with cord complications and controls were paired by parity, gestational age, maternal age and mode of delivery. 25 pairs were randomly selected. 50 tracings were presented twice to 4 obstetricians in a double-blind manner. As parameters for the determination of the validity of fetal monitoring the reliability, positive (ppv) and negative predictive value (npv), sensitivity and specificity were used. Inter- and intra-observer variability were also examined. RESULTS: Reliability 52%, ppv 52%, npv 52%, sensitivity 46%, specificity 58%. Interobserver variability: All 4 obstetricians agreed in 47 of 100 evaluations. The level of agreement was higher in the controls (63%) than in the cord complication group (56%). The intraobserver variability was 25%. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiotocography is not useful for the detection of cord complications. The range of possibilities has not been exploited yet, even for the evaluation of the fetal state.

Cardiotocography↗
PubMed1999

[Toxoplasmosis-antibody seroprevalence in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to get a general idea of the antibody prevalence of toxoplasmosis within the different agegroups of the population of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. 4854 serums (collected between 1994 and 1996) from different institutions of the federal state were investigated with the "Toxo-Competitions Test LTXC)" at the Mini-Vidas divice (bio Merieux). MATERIAL AND METHODS: An antibody prevalence rate of 59% was found. As expected, with rising age a continuing increase was recognisable. The antibody prevalence rate with the male test persons amounted to 58.5%, with the female test persons to 59.3%, and within the pregnant women 63.2%. RESULTS: Therefore 36.8% of pregnant women have got no toxoplasmosis antibodies, i.e. they are exposed to the danger of a primary infection. Within pregnant women aged between 20 and 40 an increase of antibody prevalence of 1% per year of age was recognisable. There was only a small share of pregnant women (10.5%), but they confirm the facts known from literature. CONCLUSIONS: More than 1/3 of our test persons hadn't had toxoplasmosis antibodies. Therefore in order to reduce the danger of a primary infection in pregnant women a screening before pregnancy in recommendable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Investigation of adhesion molecules (sVCAM-1) in serum of nonpregnant women, normotensive pregnant women and in patients with pregnancy complications].

OBJECTIVE: An increased expression of endothelial adhesion molecules combined with neutrophil activation in the placental bed is to be assumed aetiopathogenetically relevant in preeclampsia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ranges of sVCAM-1 serum concentrations of both control persons (29 nonpregnant and 25 normotensive pregnant women) and patients with different complications of pregnancy (HELLP-syndrome n = 10, preeclampsia n = 12, gestational hypertension n = 38, diabetes n = 24, growth retardation n = 21) were determined by means of ELISA. Frozen placental samples of 5 normotensive and 10 hypertensive pregnant women were investigated immunhistochemically to study the distribution of VCAM-1 in the placenta. RESULTS: Significantly elevated sVCAM-1 serum levels (p < 0.05) were identified in samples of patients with HELLP syndrome, preeclampsia, diabetes and gestational hypertension compared with serum levels of normotensive pregnant women. The cut-off level (97.5% percentile of normotensive serum levels) was calculated (775 ng/ml). VCAM-1 was localized immunhistochemically at capillaries of villi and main villi. CONCLUSIONS: There are closed relations between elevated serum levels of sVCAM-1 during pregnancy and diseases with vasculopathies of placental bed.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Determination of reference ranges and effect of maternal and fetal factors on insulin and C-peptide level in umbilical cord blood].

OBJECTIVE: The risks of pregnancy caused by maternal diabetes are well known. Patients with unrecognized gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represent a special problem. The aim of our study was to find out, whether the determination of insulin and C-peptide in cord blood serum offers a valuable tool for retrospective analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 600 paired serum samples from maternal venous blood and neonatal cord blood insulin and C-peptide were determined radioimmunologically. A reference group consisting of 338 mothers and their newborns was established by exclusion of all patients with known pregnancy complications. RESULTS: Positive correlations could be identified between fetal insulin and fetal C-peptide, as well as correlations of these parameters with birth weight and body length, with maternal values of insulin, C-peptide, body-mass index, weight, and weight gain during pregnancy respectively. Increased levels of cord serum insulin were found in complicated pregnancies as well as in patients with previous pregnancy losses, preterm deliveries or stillbirths. CONCLUSIONS: Cord serum insulin and C-peptide were found to be useful parameters for immediate postnatal identification of impaired glucose tolerance during the course of pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Gestational diabetes--perinatal hyperinsulinism and postnatal developmental disorders].

The impaired glucose tolerance in pregnancy (IGT) represents an important fact in aetiopathogenesis of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non insulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM) as well as obesitas and cardiovascular diseases in context with fetal hyperinsulinism. Prospective studies of diabetic mothers newborns are difficult by reason of health controls in different outpatient departments. The aim of this review is to claim a general glucose screening in pregnancy looking on the development of newborns in later life. In present preventive prospects were not used to decrease the morbidity in diabetes, obesitas and cardiovascular diseases without gestational diabetes screening in pregnancy. The neonatal onset and late morbidity is dependent on the quality of maternal glycemia in pregnancy measured by means of glycosylated hemoglobin and insulin the amniotic fluid.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1995

[Diabetes mellitus--an epidemiologic study of fertility, contraception and sterility].

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data from 672 female patients with diabetes mellitus between 17 and 42 years of age were collected by questionnaire. Mean manifestation age was 19.9 years (min. 1, max. 38). RESULTS: 72.39% of the patients were treated with insulin; one third had successful pregnancies. Only one of ten diabetics delivered more than once after diabetes had become manifest. At the time of the study, 126 (19.1%) of the patients attempted pregnancy; about one-fifth of these for more than 2 years. Diabetes manifestation occurred significantly earlier in patients who did not achieve conception. Correlation between daily insulin dose and infertility was proved, whereas duration of diabetes had no significant influence on fertility. Habitual abortion was found in 0.62%, among nulliparous patients 1.64%, respectively. Contraception was performed in 64.2% (32.8% hormonal contraceptives, 18.6% IUD, 1.8% natural family planning, 11.0% tubal sterilisation or hysterectomy, 35.8% no contraception). 47% of the used oral contraceptives contained a reduced oestrogen dose (30 micrograms estradiol). In one third of the users, IUD were longer than 5 years in place. Tubal sterilisation was found in 69 (10.44%) of diabetic patients; in 51 cases before the age of 30 years. CONCLUSIONS: Contraceptive methods should be selected carefully. Diabetic patients unsuccessfully attempting pregnancy should be referred early to a centre for reproductive medicine.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1995

[Current aspects of premature labor].

Six to eight percent of all newborns are born prematurely. Preterm delivery remains the most severe event regarding morbidity and mortality of the premature infants. The most serious complications in the treatment of prematurity are intracerebral bleedings that lead to progressive hydrocephalus and neurological handicaps in those newborns who survive. To our knowledge, about 50% of premature births with cerebral bleedings of stage I-II show normal or slightly decreased postnatal development. Both, a sufficient oxygen utilisation and a regulation of cerebral blood perfusion are necessary to prevent periventricular leucomalacia and cerebral bleedings with impairment of parenchymatous tissue. Endothelial swellings with decreasing blood flow into the cerebral parenchyma were found only in cases of prolonged oxygen deficiency. Vasoconstriction may produce a circulus vitiosus. However, it is important to know that more than 50% of the premature infants probably suffer from initial cerebral bleedings already in the prenatal stage. During the last 10 years the infectious pathogenesis has resulted in better understanding of pathophysiologic factors for prematurity. The local cervical activation of interleukins (IL 1, 6, 8) caused by cervical infections stimulate the prostaglandin synthesis and cervical maturity.

Brain↗