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Biomedical subjects

V Canzonieri

Publications and source records attributed to V Canzonieri.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

History of treated hypertension and diabetes mellitus and risk of renal cell cancer.

BACKGROUND: An increased risk of renal cell cancer (RCC) has been reported in subjects with hypertension. Whether this association may vary according to sex, smoking, obesity, or RCC clinical presentation is unclear. Results on the link between diabetes mellitus and RCC are inconclusive. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted an Italian multicenter case-control study, including 767 (494 men, 273 women) incident cases of RCC, under 80 years of age, and 1534 hospital controls, frequency-matched to cases. Multiple logistic regression models, conditioned to center, sex, and age, and adjusted for period of interview, education, smoking, and body mass were used to estimate odds ratios (OR). RESULTS: Compared with subjects never treated, patients with a history of treated hypertension [OR = 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4-2.1] reported an excess risk of RCC. This pattern was confirmed in different strata of sex, education, smoking habits, body mass, tumor histological type, stage, or grade. The attributable risk of RCC for treated hypertension in this population was 16%. A slight, nonsignificant increased risk was found for history of diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 0.9-1.7). CONCLUSION: A possible causal role of hypertension in renal cell carcinogenesis is supported by the consistency of the direct association.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Metastatic angiosarcoma of the kidney: a case report with treatment approach and review of the literature.

Angiosarcomas are rare soft tissue malignancies. Typically they originate from the skin of the scalp or face, whereas visceral sarcomas are very rare. We report the case of a 67-year-old man affected by a large angiosarcoma of the kidney. After surgical removal, a rapid peritoneal, visceral and cutaneous diffusion developed. Palliative chemotherapy, based on anthracycline and ifosfamide, which are normally used to treat all other high-grade spindle cell sarcomas, was totally inactive. On the basis of these results and of the biological characteristics of these rare neoplasms it is mandatory to develop other therapeutic approaches. Antiangiogenetic agents are of interest for this disease due to the peculiar origin of the cells of these sarcomas.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Prostate cancer and body size at different ages: an Italian multicentre case-control study.

We investigated the influence of anthropometric measures at diagnosis and at different ages on prostate cancer risk using an Italian multicentre case-control study conducted between 1991 and 2002 of 1294 histologically confirmed cases and 1451 controls admitted to the same network of hospitals for acute non-neoplastic conditions. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, lean body mass 1 year before diagnosis/interview were not significantly associated with risk. However, a positive association with high BMI at age 30 years was found (odds ratio=1.2 for BMI> or =24.7 vs <22.7) and: for less differentiated prostate cancer, with BMI 1 year before diagnosis/interview. This study supports possible relationships between high body mass in young adulthood, and a tendency to high weight throughout adult life, and the risk of prostate cancer.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2003

Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy versus chromogranin A assay in the management of patients with neuroendocrine tumors of different types: clinical role.

BACKGROUND: Current diagnosis and staging of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are significantly improved by the introduction of the chromogranin A (CgA) assay in plasma or serum as a tumor marker, and by the use of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) for tumor localization. However, the clinical role of CgA assay compared with SRS in the management of NETs has not been well elucidated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-three consecutive patients with a histological diagnosis of NET underwent plasma CgA assay and SRS for tumor staging (23 cases), evaluation of tumor response (18 cases) and evaluation of tumor recurrence on follow-up (22 cases). Twenty-one patients had well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (WDNETs: 18 gastroenteropancreatic tumors and three lung NETs); 22 patients had well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (WDNECs: 17 gastroenteropancreatic carcinomas, two lung neuroendocrine carcinomas and three neuroendocrine carcinomas of unknown origin) and 20 patients had poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (PDNECs: 14 extra-pulmonary small-cell carcinomas and six Merkel cell carcinomas). Almost all (58 of 63) NETs were non-functioning. The quantitative determination of CgA was performed in plasma using an enzyme immunoassay with a cut-off value fixed at 34 U/l. Scintigraphies with indium 111-DTPA-octreotide ((111)In-pentetreotide) included whole-body images and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans of the chest and abdomen. RESULTS: SRS results were compared with CgA findings and final clinical data. The overall sensitivity of SRS and CgA, based on the final clinical data, was 77% and 55%, respectively, whereas the specificity of both SRS and CgA was 94%. Concerning tumor type, SRS accuracy was 95% for WDNETs, 86% for WDNECs and 60% for PDNECs; CgA accuracy was 76% for WDNETs, 68% for WDNECs and 50% for PDNECs. With regard to disease extent, SRS sensitivity was 100% for limited disease and 72% for advanced disease; CgA sensitivity was 43% for limited disease and 57% for advanced disease. CONCLUSIONS: In our NET series, SRS proved to be more sensitive than CgA, with equivalent specificity. Tumor differentiation influences the sensitivity of SRS and CgA analysis. In addition, the plasma CgA level is related to tumor secretory activity. Nevertheless both SRS and CgA should be considered useful tools in the diagnostic work-up of NET patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Concordance between telepathologic diagnosis and conventional histopathologic diagnosis: a multiobserver store-and-forward study on 20 skin specimens.

OBJECTIVE: To study the validity and feasibility of transferring images of cutaneous biopsy specimens via e-mail to remote physicians active in dermatopathology for teleconsultation. DESIGN: Twenty skin specimens previously diagnosed at the Department of Dermatology, University of Graz, Austria, were subsequently sent for teleconsultation using the store-and-forward method. For each case, 3 or 4 images at different magnifications were sent by e-mail to 16 colleagues (11 dermatopathologists and 5 pathologists) in 15 centers in 6 different countries. Six weeks later each observer received the hematoxylin-eosin-stained specimens to render a conventional diagnosis. SETTING: Dermatopathology and pathology units within institutional and private settings. MATERIAL: Twenty small skin biopsy specimens of cutaneous diseases were selected randomly from a study set of 80. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Concordance between telepathologic diagnoses and conventional histopathologic diagnoses of 20 skin specimens. RESULTS: On average, 78% of the telediagnoses were correct (range, 60%-95%), whereas 85% of the conventional diagnoses were correct (range, 60%-95%). A perfect diagnostic concordance was obtained in 7 (35%) of 20 cases, and a significant difference was identified in only 1 case. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that telepathology performed by physicians active in dermatopathology may serve as a reliable technique for the diagnosis of cutaneous diseases when experts in dermatopathology are not available locally. Furthermore, teledermatopathology is attractive because it provides an opportunity to obtain timely consultation on difficult cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Body size indices at different ages and epithelial ovarian cancer risk.

The relationship between body mass measures at diagnosis and/or at different ages and ovarian cancer risk was investigated using an Italian multicentre case-control study. The study, conducted between 1992 and 1999, included 1031 cases of incident, histologically-confirmed epithelial ovarian cancer and 2411 controls admitted to the same network of hospitals for acute non-neoplastic conditions. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained using unconditional multiple logistic regression analyses. Weight and body mass index (BMI, kg/m(2)) 1 year prior to diagnosis/interview were not associated with ovarian cancer risk. A direct association emerged with waist-to-hip ratio (W/H) (OR=1.45 in the highest category), particularly among women with stage I-II cancers. Cases also had a higher BMI at age 30 years (OR=1.22). Conversely, cases had lower weight gain between age 30 years and the year prior to diagnosis/interview, both for cases with stage I-II and those with stage III-IV cancers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Discordant HHV8 detection in a young HIV-negative patient with Kaposi's sarcoma and sarcoidosis.

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8), which has been suggested as the causal agent of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. We describe a patient affected concomitantly by sarcoidosis and KS. HHV8 sequences were detected with PCR only on KS lesions, whereas sarcoid tissues did not harbor HHV8 DNA. Immune dysfunction related to sarcoidosis may have facilitated the oncogenic role of HHV8 and the development of KS.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Expression profile of MUM1/IRF4, BCL-6, and CD138/syndecan-1 defines novel histogenetic subsets of human immunodeficiency virus-related lymphomas.

This study was aimed at defining the histogenesis of the pathologic spectrum of lymphoma arising in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Toward this aim, 87 AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphomas (AIDS-NHL) and 16 Hodgkin lymphomas arising in HIV+ patients (HIV-HL) were comparatively analyzed for the expression pattern of several B-cell histogenetic markers, including BCL-6 (expressed by centroblasts and centrocytes), MUM1/IRF4 (expressed by late centrocytes and post-germinal center [GC] B cells), and CD138/syn-1 (expressed by post-GC B cells). Expression of MUM1, BCL-6, and syn-1 segregated 3 major phenotypic patterns among AIDS-NHL and HIV-HL: (1) the BCL-6+/MUM1-/syn-1- pattern, selectively clustering with a large fraction of AIDS-Burkitt lymphoma (17 of 19) and of systemic AIDS-diffuse large cell lymphoma (12 of 16); (2) the BCL-6-/MUM1+/syn-1- pattern, associated with a fraction of AIDS-immunoblastic lymphoma (8 of 24); and (3) the BCL-6-/MUM1+/syn-1+ pattern, associated with systemic and primary central nervous system immunoblastic lymphoma (14 of 24) and with primary effusion lymphoma (10 of 10), plasmablastic lymphoma of the oral cavity (7 of 7), and HIV-HL (15 of 16). Analysis of nonneoplastic lymph nodes showed that the 3 phenotypic patterns detected in AIDS-NHL and HIV-HL correspond to distinct stages of physiologic B-cell development-centroblasts (BCL-6+/MUM1-/syn-1-), late GC/early post-GC B cells (BCL-6-/MUM1+/syn-1-), and post-GC B cells (BCL-6-/MUM1+/syn-1+). Expression of the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded latent membrane protein-1 clustered with the BCL-6-/MUM1+/syn-1+ profile throughout the clinicopathologic spectrum of AIDS-NHL and HIV-HL. Overall, these results define novel histogenetic subsets of AIDS-NHL and HIV-HL and may provide novel tools for refining the diagnosis of these disorders.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed2001

Prevalence of intestinal metaplasia in the distal oesophagus, oesophagogastric junction and gastric cardia in symptomatic patients in north-east Italy: a prospective, descriptive survey. The Italian Ulcer Study Group "GISU".

BACKGROUND: Incidence of adenocarcinoma of distal oesophagus and gastric cardia, probably arising from areas of intestinal metaplasia, has been increasing rapidly. AIMS: To define prevalence of intestinal metaplasia of distal oesophagus, oesophagogastric junction and gastric cardia and to evaluate potential associated factors, by means of a prospective multicentre study including University and teaching hospitals, and primary and tertiary care centres. PATIENTS: Each of 24 institutions involved in study enrolled 10 consecutive patients undergoing first-time routine endoscopy for dyspeptic symptoms. METHODS: Patients answered symptom questionnaires and underwent gastroscopy Three biopsies were taken from distal oesophagus, oesophago-gastric junction and gastric cardia, and were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Specimens were also evaluated for Helicobacter pylori infection. RESULTS: A total of 240 patients (124 male, 116 female; median age 56 years, range 20-90) were enrolled in study. Intestinal metaplasia affected distal oesophagus in 5, oesophago-gastric junction in 19 and gastric cardia in 10 patients. Low-grade dysplasia was found at distal oesophagus and/or oesophago-gastric junction of 3/24 patients with intestinal metaplasia vs 2/216 without intestinal metaplasia (p<0.05). A significant association was found between symptoms and presence of intestinal metaplasia, regardless of location, and between Helicobacter pylori infection and intestinal metaplasia at oesophago-gastric junction. CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal metaplasia of distal oesophagus, oesophagogastric-junction and gastric cardia is found in a significant proportion of symptomatic patients undergoing gastroscopy and is associated with dysplasia in many cases. Although prevalence of dysplasia seems to decrease when specialized columnar epithelium is found in short segment, or even focally in oesophago-gastric junction, these small foci of intestinal metaplastic cells may represent source of most adenocarcinomas of cardia.

Barrett Esophagus↗
PubMed2001

Origin of ovarian cancer from benign cysts.

In a case-control study of 1031 epithelial ovarian cancers and 2311 controls conducted in Italy, 56 cases and 116 controls reported history of benign ovarian cysts, corresponding to a relative risk of 1.3 (95% confidence interval = 0.9-1.8). In a subset of 255 histologically reviewed cases, mucinous and endometrioid ovarian neoplasms and neoplasms of stage I or II arose more frequently from cysts, while use of oral contraceptives or parity were not significantly related to history of ovarian cysts.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed2000

Characterization of a novel HHV-8-positive cell line reveals implications for the pathogenesis and cell cycle control of primary effusion lymphoma.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) represents a peculiar type of B cell lymphoma which associates with HHV-8 infection and preferentially grows in liquid phase in the serous body cavities. In this report, we provide the detailed characterization of a newly established PEL cell line, termed CRO-AP/6. The cell line was obtained from the pleural effusion of a HIV-positive patient with PEL. Its derivation from the tumor clone was established by immunogenotypic analysis. Detailed phenotypic investigations defined that CRO-AP/6 reflects pre-terminally differentiated B cells expressing the CD138/syndecan-1 antigen. Karyotypic studies of CRO-AP/6 identified several chromosomal abnormalities, whereas genotypic studies ruled out the involvement of molecular lesions associated with other types of B cell lymphoma. Both CRO-AP/6 and the parental tumor sample harbored infection by HHV-8. Conversely, EBV infection was present in the parental tumor sample although not in CROAP/6, indicating that CRO-AP/6 originated from the selection of an EBV-negative tumor subclone. The pattern of viral (HHV-8 v-cyclin) and cellular (p27Kip1) regulators of cell cycle expressed by CRO-AP/6, together with the results of growth fraction analysis, point to abrogation of the physiological inverse relationship between proliferation and p27Kip1 expression. Also, both CRO-AP/6 and the parental tumor sample display biallelic inactivation of the DNA repair enzyme gene O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) by promoter methylation. Overall, the CRO-AP/6 cell line may help understand cell cycle control of PEL cells, may clarify the relative contribution of HHV-8 and EBV to the disease growth and development and may facilitate the identification of recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities highlighting putative novel cancer related loci relevant to PEL.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Burkitt's lymphoma: historical background and recent insights into classification and pathogenesis.

In this paper, the authors evaluate the historical evolution of the definition of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) and of its clinicoepidemiological (endemic, sporadic, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated BL) and morphological variants. On the basis of the morphological, immunologic, genetic, and clinical characteristics of these tumors, the authors also emphasize the importance of precise disease definitions for biological and epidemiological studies. These principles were used in accordance with the Revised European-American classification of lymphoid neoplasms (REAL), which proposed that disease entities should be defined by a constellation of pathobiological and clinical features.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed2000

Primary Hodgkin's disease of the vagina.

We describe a patient with primary Hodgkin's disease (HD) of the vagina presenting with stage IEB. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported so far. Based on morphological and immunophenotypic features, the HD was classified as nodular sclerosis subtype, "syncytial" variant. The patient, a 64-year old woman, received chemotherapy followed by radiation therapy. She is still disease-free 14 months after diagnosis.

Female↗
PubMed2000

Primary effusion lymphoma cell lines harbouring human herpesvirus type-8.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a novel lymphoma entity consistently infected by HHV-8 that occurs predominantly in immunodeficient patients and is characterized by liquid growth in the serous body cavities. In order to facilitate the understanding of PEL pathogenesis and histogenesis, we have established three PEL cell lines termed CRO-AP/2, CRO-AP/3 and CRO-AP/5. All cell lines have been derived from HIV positive homosexual men affected by PEL with (in the case of CRO-AP/2 and CRO-AP/5) or without (in the case of CRO-AP/3) a previous history of Kaposi's sarcoma. The cell lines are representative of both virologic variants of PEL, i.e. HHV-8+ EBV+ PEL (CRO-AP/2 and CRO-AP/5) and HHV-8+ EBV- PEL (CRO-AP/3). Morphologic and phenotypic features of CRO-AP/2, CRO-AP/3 and CRO-AP/5 are typical of PEL, and include morphology bridging immunoblastic and anaplastic features as well as an indeterminate (non B- non T-cell) phenotype. The B-cell nature of the cell lines is documented by the presence of rearranged immunoglobulin genes. The detailed analysis of the molecular and phenotypic features of CRO-AP/2, CRO-AP/3 and CRO-AP/5 has allowed the identification of recurrent chromosomal abnormalities of PEL and has contributed to the definition of PEL as a lymphoma of post-germinal center, pre-terminally differentiated B-cells.

Herpesvirus 8, Human↗
PubMed1998

Differential expression of BCL-6, CD138/syndecan-1, and Epstein-Barr virus-encoded latent membrane protein-1 identifies distinct histogenetic subsets of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

This study was aimed at defining the histogenesis of the pathologic spectrum of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (AIDS-NHL), including AIDS-related small noncleaved cell lymphoma (AIDS-SNCCL), AIDS-related large noncleaved cell lymphoma (AIDS-LNCCL), AIDS-related large cell immunoblastic lymphoma plasmacytoid (AIDS-IBLP), and AIDS-related primary effusion lymphoma (AIDS-PEL). Forty-six cases of AIDS-NHL were investigated for the expression pattern of BCL-6, a protein specifically expressed by germinal center (GC) B-cells, and CD138/syndecan-1 (syn-1), a marker of post-GC B-cell differentiation. Expression of BCL-6 and syn-1 segregated two major phenotypic patterns among AIDS-NHL: (1) the BCL-6+/syn-1- pattern associated with AIDS-SNCCL and AIDS-LNCCL; (2) the BCL-6-/syn-1+ pattern associated with AIDS-IBLP and AIDS-PEL. Among systemic AIDS-NHL infected by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), expression of the EBV-encoded latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) preferentially associated with the BCL-6-/syn-1+ profile. Analysis of nonneoplastic lymph nodes showed that the two phenotypic patterns detected in AIDS-NHL correspond to physiologic stages of B-cell development, i.e., GC B-cells (BCL-6+/syn-1-) and preterminally differentiated post-GC B-cells (BCL-6-/syn-1+). Thus, BCL-6+/syn-1- AIDS-NHL reflects a GC stage of differentiation, whereas AIDS-NHL which are BCL-6-/syn-1+, and LMP-1+ when infected by EBV, derive from B cells that have entered post-GC plasmacell differentiation. These findings are relevant for the pathogenesis and differential diagnosis of AIDS-NHL.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1998

Clinical and biological applications of image analysis in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

The technical procedures and the main applications of image analysis in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma pathology have been described by reviewing the pertinent literature. With the advent of sophisticated computer-based technology, the possibility of objectively evaluating cell morphology, in situ marker expression, DNA indexes, and complex structural features may become a relevant part of the pathologist's expertise.

Algorithms↗