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Biomedical subjects

V Cortés-Gallegos

Publications and source records attributed to V Cortés-Gallegos.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[The process of cell degeneration].

It is well conceived that the intention of man in trying to solve human kind ailments, is being a long standing biological rule to give rational solutions at any rate. The response to the current problem studied, approaches a different view of the peripheral and local deteriorating phenomena and offers--in a non classical way--how to maintain the well-being of a population of otherwise healthy women, in trying to defer the degenerative cellular process. Interesting, as the proximity of the XXI century arrives, the technology and the biomedical level of progress seems to be for a way from the ideal, particularly when dealing with a process initiated years before the menopause. This critical period of hormonal imbalance makes also a definite++ e social change for women; such a combination of facts, prompt us to be aware that in society, a women is no longer biologically reproductive but certainly, productive, as an economical drive digure. Needless to say that we must be protective to her and to realize that the number of them will continue to an increase in the years to come. The following two comments intended to associate various levels of the current knowledge of one of the Public Health problems in women.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1997

[Endometrial interference of synthetic estrogens in fertility regulation.Is it necessary to interfere with the antiovulatory mechanism at the central nervous system level in order to obtain contraception?].

For some time the anti-ovulatory activity of certain estrogen/progestagen preparations was the main approach in fertility control. Up to date a drastic dosage reduction of both steroid hormones has been accomplished ameliorating the side effects on the one hand, and being active compounds as contraceptives, in the other. Currently, there are a wide variety of oral contraceptives available with a variety of estrogen doses combined with different progestagens. The estrogen content is a high as 80 micrograms and as low as 20 micrograms, moreover, such formulations are prescribed beginning the 1st or the 5th day of the menstrual cycle. By studying plasma and endometrial samples simultaneously obtained from chronic oral contraceptive users taking either 30 micrograms or 50 in such pills; a 17-beta-estradiol pattern was attained as that seen during follicular maturation in the ovulatory cycle only women under the lower dose of synthetic estrogen. However, in the endometrium such a cyclicity did not take place; in parallel circulating progesterone in both groups never reach levels greater than 5.0 ng/ml. Results offer to find a local critical period during the ovulatory menstrual cycle to achieve with much lower hormonal dosages a different approach in future methods of contraception.

Contraception↗
PubMed1997

[Health status in the population using contraceptives].

In order to partially understand the health status of women under contraceptive therapy and their possible social hazard of it, a descriptive, prospective and transversal study was undertaken in a 500 individuals, ages 20-35 years old, who currently were regulation their fertility. Data were obtained by means of predetermined questions from subjects attending several clinics of the IMSS. Anyone refusing to participate was discharged questions. The analysis excluded 8/500 due to incomplete responses. In 334/492, hormonal practice was in use; the IUD met 36.6% and the minor groups of 4.4 and 2.8% the method chosen was surgical or natural respectively. The IUD had been used over three years in 60/187, while in 39/145 were on the pill the same period of time; only 23/100 preferred the injectables. No previous medical advice was carried out in order to prescribe the contraceptive and furthermore in 461/492 no laboratory clinical tests were required before. In only 22% of the population the Pap-smear had been taken two years before and in 89/492 was never considered. The contraceptive strategies was induce risks in the future with no solid etiology if a prescription is decided, before the health status is evaluated. It looks like that present report is the first description associating health and risks in a non-selected population under contraceptive methodology.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Inverted skin changes induced by estrogen and estrogen/glucocorticoid on aging dermis.

To evaluate hormone replacement therapy effects at the peripheral level, the present trial explored the oral effects of mestranol (80 micrograms/day for 10 days) and mestranol plus paramethasone (80 micrograms + 6 mg/day for 10 days) on the skin of postmenopausal women. This double-blind study included 13 patients. Skin biopsies were obtained from the thigh area by a single punch, 5 mm in diameter, before and after treatment, and the sections, six per sample, were micrometrically evaluated. Various features of the epidermis and dermis layers were stained using the hematoxylin and eosin, Masson, Verhoeff's and Gomori techniques. Statistically significant changes were found in the papillar dermis thickness; mestranol reduced it and mestranol plus paramethasone increased it. The current results encourage widening these observations of the possible advantage of this estrogen/glucocorticoid combination, in order to alleviate the cellular degenerative process.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

Ethinylestradiol from contraceptive formulations and the ovarian response: an estrogen dose-dependency on natural estradiol concentrations.

To evaluate the competitive molecular phenomenon of ethinylestradiol from contraceptive formulations vs. endogenous 17 beta-estradiol in the intra- and extracellular compartments, a descriptive analysis was performed. Plasma and endometrial samples were simultaneously obtained on different days of the pseudomenstrual cycle from oral contraceptive users taking ethinylestradiol/norgestrel (30 micrograms/500 micrograms; n = 13) and ethinylestradiol/norethindrone (50 micrograms/1.0 mg; n = 14) in order to quantify the 17 beta-estradiol concentrations. From our results the chronic administration of these combined oral contraceptives demonstrated that the lower component ethinyl-estradiol (30 micrograms) does not compete substantially at the circulating level, permitting concentrations of natural estradiol such as those seen during follicular maturation in the ovulatory cycle. However, in the endometrium such a cyclicity is not seen, thus the possibility of a local infertility effect should be reconsidered to enable the investigation of a different approach in future methods of contraception.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Estrogens. Contraceptive therapy].

To evaluate the competitive molecular phenomenon of Ethynyl-Estradiol (EE-2) from contraceptive formulations against the endogenous Estradiol (E-2) at the intra and the extracellular compartments, plasma and endometrial samples were simultaneously obtained on different days of the pseudomenstrual cycle from oral contraceptive users under EE-2+ Norgestrel (30 micrograms/+ 500 micrograms) and EE-2+ Norethindrone (50 micrograms + 1.0 mg) in order to quantify EE-2 & E-2. When measuring both molecules it was shown that the chronic administration of steroids regardless of the pharmacological action of the progestin component the lower content of EE-2 (30 micrograms) does not compete substantially at the circulating level permitting the cyclic fashion of the natural estradiol while at the endometrial compartment such phenomenon is not seen thus, a local infertility effect should be reconsidered to anticipate a different approach in the future of contraception.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[The critical period in natural fertility].

In order to learn the natural expectancy period of first pregnancy as well as the influences of some biosocial variables, a clinical-retrospective study was performed within 1120 gravida I women. All of them attended the major institutes of health care in Mexico City (IMSS, ISSSTE, SS and DDF). Data were obtained by means of predetermined questions from subjects after the first postpartum hours. None of them had previously used any contraceptive method. Results showed age at the first pregnancy: 21.6 +/- 3.8 (years); gestational interval 22.1 +/- 19.9 (months) and a 67% achievement rate the following twelve months of sexual activity. Eutocia was seen in 54% of these population and significant linear correlation was attained between age of the patient and the gestational interval. It seems that this is the first information regarding the fertility critical period within our society.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Synthetic progestogens versus oral progesterone].

The antecedents of progesterone natural hormone and related structural groups, chemically and biologically, were described. The synthesis and semi-synthesis of these compounds, is reviewed, and molecular changes, which gave more potency for clinical use, is reviewed. The pharmacology of these groups is manifested, particularly, by the identification of a receptor, its physico-quemical characteristics and relative affinity for tissues as endometrium and myometrium. Furthermore, the progestational quality, the antiestrogenic one, antiandrogenic one and its applications, were evaluated. Finally, several biologic indicators which support the use of oral progesterone and that suggest the re-evaluation of tissular dynamics in reproductive tract, were reviewed.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1990

[Pharmacodynamics of synthetic estrogens. A review].

Some details about the function of natural and synthetical hormonas are reviewed, particularly estrogens as ethynyl estradiol and its 3, Methyl ether (mestranol); its peripheral concentration vs tissular hormonal contents, a relationship of biological importance as the first step in its hormonal action and the cumulative local effects that could explain some intra and extracellular phenomena.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Pharmacodynamics of synthetic estrogens. Review article].

Some details about the function of natural and synthetical hormonas are reviewed, particularly estrogens as ethynyl estradiol and its 3, Methyl ether (mestranol); its peripheral concentration vs tissular hormonal contents, a relationship of biological importance as the first step in its hormonal action and the cummulative local effects that could explain some intra and extracellular phenomena.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1989

Sleep deprivation and adaptive hormonal responses of healthy men.

To study the effects of sleep deprivation on the pituitary-testis axis physiology, we measured the circulating levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), testosterone (T), androstanedione (A), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), estradiol (E2), and cortisol (C) in eight healthy men as follows: phase I (control), phase II (24-h restless period), phase III (48-h restless period), and phase IV (24-h recovery period). All samples were taken at 8:00 a.m. There was a significant decrease of T, A, DHT, and E2 in phase II but no decrease in FHS, LH, PRL, or C. In phase III there was no further decrease in any androgen, although E2 decreased along with the increase of PRL. In phase IV E2 and PRL tended to return to baseline values, and the androgens were very similar to the controls. FHS, LH, and C showed no change under the effects of phase III. These data extend the adaptive androgenic response and the association of the role of E2 and PRL to restricted or disturbed sleep in men.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Pharmacologic stimulation in delayed female sexual development (response of androstenedione vs. 17 beta-estradiol). Presentation of 2 cases].

Two girls of 13 and 18 years of age, XX chromosomic pattern, complaining of delay in sexual development (Stage 1) and primary amenorrhea, were studied. Height, weight and surface area in the 13 years subject were three standard deviations below the anthropometric characteristics of already menstruating girls of the same age. Presence of uterus and ovarian tissue was demonstrated by laparoscopy in both, and afterwards, simultaneous measurements of androstenedione (delta 4) and 17 beta-estradiol (E2) were performed in peripheral blood, before and after: placebo, clomiphene (25 and 50 mg), LH-RH, FSH/LH. Under this trials the gonadal structures produced delta 4 and E2, being the former in many instances a good index of ovarian steroid production and associated to growth of pubic and axillary hair. In the patient whose menstruation began after the pharmacologic stimuli, the steroid production was higher as compared to the one, with initiation of no menstrual bleeding. Critical aspects of the various phases of the study are revised to better understand the physiology of some biological processes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The biological expression of natural progesterone.

Progesterone tablets were orally administered to women with no recent luteal activity. Three hypoestrogenic subjects who received, respectively, a single dose of 150 mg, 300 mg and 300 mg/d/7d, showed absorption and a progressive increase in circulating values in a dose-dependent manner. Five out of nine oligomenorrheic patients experienced withdrawal uterine bleeding with 150 mg/12/5d. Postmenopausal endometrium estrogenised by mestranol (n = 5) showed secretory histological changes after 300 mg/d/7d of oral progesterone. Six women with luteal insufficiency received 300 mg/d after control studies, and this dosage was effective in supplementing the circulating natural hormone so that it reached the level of that of fertile women. However, the endometrial progesterone uptake of these women showed no parallel increase. This study supports the clinical usage of oral progesterone and suggests evaluation of the dynamics of hormone uptake by the reproductive tissues.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1987

Presence of ethynyl-estradiol (EE-2) in blood and endometrium after interrupting steroidal contraception for three months.

Serial studies were conducted in five women under norgestrel + EE-2 after interrupting 11-34 months of regular use of the medication. A venous blood and an endometrial sample were simultaneously obtained from each subject between the 22nd and 25th day of the pseudocycle (last month of contraception) and on the same days of the following three cycles under no treatment for the measurement of EE-2 content. Values during and after the first month of no medication were: plasma = 85 +/- 6 versus 218 +/- 36 (pg/ml; P less than 0.001) and endometrium = 93 +/- 10 versus 29 +/- 7 (ng/g wet tissue; P less than 0.001). A decrement of circulating EE-2 from 346 pg/ml in the first month with no medication to 14 pg/ml in the third month off the treatment was observed. The EE-2 endometrial uptake of 93 +/- 10 (last month of steroidal ingestion) decreased to 29 +/- 7, 7 +/- 2 and 4 +/- 0.9 ng/g wet tissue in the following three months of no treatment. In 3/15 instances after interrupting contraception, circulating EE-2 was below the detection limit of the assay, while endometrial EE-2 uptake was in the range of 3-19 ng/g wet tissue. These data confirm our apparent controversial report that EE-2 plasma levels increased during the first month after interrupting medication and support the presence of the exogenous estrogen in plasma and endometrium after interrupting the steroidal contraceptive for three months.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Ethynyl-estradiol (EE-2) retained in blood and endometrium during and after steroidal contraception.

Thirty-six women under norgestrel + EE-2 interrupted the medication after 2 to 36 months of regular use. A single venous blood and a single endometrial sample were simultaneously obtained from each subject on different days of the cycle to measure the synthetic estrogen content. Samples were collected during the last month of contraception and in the month after the medication. The EE-2 values (means +/- SE) during and after the "pill" were as follows: endometrial = 90 +/- 18 vs 234 +/- 5 ng/g wet tissue (P less than 0.001), and in blood = 90 +/- 18 vs 234 +/- 32 pg/ml (P less than 0.001). In a hysterectomized woman 30 micrograms of oral EE-2/d/20 d, yielded plasma EE-2 concentrations up to 979 pg/ml, descending to 30 pg/ml under no treatment. The results demonstrate that in intact women, exfoliation of the endometrium after one month of no steroidal ingestion, did not achieve the complete synthetic estrogen elimination from tissue, while blood levels of EE-2 increased during the same period of observation.

Adult↗