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Biomedical subjects

V Davis

Publications and source records attributed to V Davis.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis caused by Xylohypha bantiana.

Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis is a rare fungal infection of man. There are approximately 53 published cases to date. Xylohypha bantiana has been shown by histology or culture to be the aetiological agent in 28 of these cases. Two cases of cerebral abscess caused by Xylohypha bantiana are presented. One patient was alive eight months after surgery and antifungal drug therapy. His was the first recorded case of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis treated with itraconazole. His course was complicated by adhesive arachnoiditis. The second patient died post-operatively without appropriate treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The influence of personal activities on exposure to volatile organic compounds.

Seven persons volunteered to perform 25 common activities thought to increase personal exposure to volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) during a 3-day monitoring period. Personal, indoor, and outdoor air samples were collected on Tenax cartridges three times per day (evening, overnight, and daytime) and analyzed by GC-MS for 17 target VOCs. Samples of exhaled breath were also collected before and after each monitoring period. About 20 activities resulted in increasing exposure to one or more of the target VOCs, often by factors of 10, sometimes by factors of 100, compared to exposures during the sleep period. These concentrations were far above the highest observed outdoor concentrations during the length of the study. Breath levels were often significantly correlated with previous personal exposures. Major exposures were associated with use of deodorizers (p-dichlorobenzene); washing clothes and dishes (chloroform); visiting a dry cleaners (1,1,1-trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene); smoking (benzene, styrene); cleaning a car engine (xylenes, ethylbenzene, tetrachloroethylene); painting and using paint remover (n-decane, n-undecane); and working in a scientific laboratory (many VOCs). Continuously elevated indoor air levels of p-dichlorobenzene, trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, decane, and undecane were noted in several homes and attributed to unknown indoor sources. Measurements of exhaled breath suggested biological residence times in tissue of 12-18 hr and 20-30 hr for 1,1,1-trichloroethane and p-dichlorobenzene, respectively.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1988

Determining predictor variables for running-related pain.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether specific predictor variables exist for particular running-related injuries. Data on 134 patients with running-related injuries were evaluated to establish the factors that were associated with specific pain sites. Patient data consisted of a brief running history and measurements of 72 anatomical variables that have been cited in the literature as predisposers to running-related injuries. The descriptive statistics indicated certain associations of variables with each pain group. A factor analysis was used to eliminate multicollinearity and to reduce the 72 variables to 9 factors. The results of a discriminant function analysis using factor scores indicated that patients' membership in one of six pain groups could be predicted correctly in 29.1% of the cases. We concluded that the factors used in this study were not good predictors of pain groups. Physical therapists, however, should publish their data on runners' injuries, treatment, and rehabilitation to supplement the published data that relate anatomical and biomechanical factors to running-related injuries.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1988

Anamnestic response of neonatal chickens to sheep red blood cells as influenced by the number of weeks between the first and second injections.

In two experiments primary and secondary hemagglutination titers of chickens were determined in response to intravenous injections of 1 mL of a 5% suspension of sheep red blood cells (SRBC). All birds received the primary injection at 4 wk of age. In the first experiment, equal numbers of male and female birds were randomly selected to receive the secondary injection at 2, 4, 6, and 8 wk following the initial injection. Based on the level of IgG antibody to SRBC, all postprimary injections affected an anamnestic response. Furthermore, the anamnestic response obtained following the 6 and 8-wk postprimary injection was significantly higher than those obtained with injections 2 or 4 wk after the primary injection. In the second experiment, secondary injections were administered either 3 or 6 wk after the primary injections. The anamnestic response of birds receiving the 6-wk postprimary injection was higher than those injected 3-wk after the primary injections.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Discrimination between schizophrenic and control subjects by means of plasma dehydroepiandrosterone measurements.

In this study we were able to distinguish 10 schizophrenic subjects from 10 control subjects with 100% accuracy by measuring plasma dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) diurnal rhythms and analyzing the data using a linear function equation. Discrimination with this high level of accuracy is in contrast to most studies of altered biological functioning in schizophrenia which have yielded inconsistent results. These findings are regarded as preliminary; further study is necessary to elicit any consistent DHEA disturbance in schizophrenics and to discover the significance for the pathophysiology of the illness. Measurements of plasma cortisol, aldosterone, DHEA-SO4, and testosterone did not provide such a basis for discrimination.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chemical impairment of nursing students: a comprehensive policy and procedure.

Faculty and students in nursing education programs need to have a clear understanding of what constitutes chemical impairment and the academic consequences that will result when nursing students are identified as impaired due to substance abuse. The authors present the process used to develop a comprehensive policy, procedures, and contractual agreement for addressing the problem of chemical impairment of nursing students.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The structure and function of brown adipose tissue in the neonate.

Presented is a discussion of brown adipose cell structure as compared to that of the white adipose cell, the role which brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays in thermoregulation, the physiologic mechanisms which control BAT heat generation, and the proposed biochemical processes which are responsible for heat production in the cell. Based on the physiology of BAT thermogenesis, specific nursing measures to minimize cold stimuli are recommended.

Adipose Tissue↗