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V Delwail

Publications and source records attributed to V Delwail.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Effects of sCD23 on proliferation of leukemic cells from a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia during blast crisis.

The present study has attempted to further delineate the growth factor requirements of peripheral blasts of a patient with CML in acute phase. Phenotypic analysis of leukemic blasts from this patient before culture has shown a homogenous population of CD34+ cells at the onset of blast crisis. In the second and third samples the percentage of CD34+ DR+ blast cells decreased slightly and up to 32% of cells in the third sample expressed the CD19 antigen. Optimal proliferation of cells derived from the first sample required the presence of exogenous sCD23 and to a lesser extent IL7. The stimulatory effects of sCD23 and IL7 were clearly reduced 4 months later and no longer detected after 6 months. This variability in growth factor response along with disease progression may be related to phenotypic differentiation. There was no evidence for lymphoid or myeloid maturation after 4 days of liquid culture. Our results in conjunction with previous studies are in agreement with sCD23-involvement in the complex control of proliferative processes at both normal and leukemic stages, demonstrating that cytokines are critical in determining CML cell proliferation.

Acute-Phase Reaction↗
PubMed1993

Endogenous lymphokine activated killer cell activity and cytogenetic response in chronic myelogenous leukaemia treated with alpha-interferon.

The capacity of alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) to induce lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cytotoxicity in the absence of interleukin-2 (IL2) has prompted us to test whether or not its ability to reduce dramatically the number of Ph1+ clones in chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) patients is in part mediated through the generation of natural killer (NK) or LAK activity. The latter were tested using NK-sensitive (K562) and NK-resistant (Raji) cell lines in a target-cell colony-growth inhibition assay. Effector cells (E) were patient blood mononuclear cells (MC) without in vitro activation prior to their coculture with targets (T). Out of 16 patients tested so far, three failed to undergo cytogenetic remission under alpha-IFN therapy. No NK nor LAK cells could be detected in the MC from two of them while the other displayed NK activity within upper normal limits. 13 patients underwent complete (eight) or partial (five) cytogenetic remission together with significantly high NK and/or LAK activity as compared to normal controls. These observations could favour the hypothesis of an indirect effect of alpha-IFN on leukaemic cells, mediated by cells involved in immune surveillance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Interferons. Treatment of malignant hemopathies with interferons].

Interferons (INF) are glycoproteins with protean antiviral, immunomodulator, and antiproliferative actions. In Haematology, IFN-alpha is the most widely used. Diffusion into the spleen, bone marrow and liver is good. Hairy cell leukemia is probably the malignant blood disorder which responds best to IFN. At some time during their treatment, nearly 90% of the patients require IFN. Treatment initiation is indicated when pancytopenia (polynuclear neutrophils below 1 x 10(9)/L) develops or in case of a very voluminous spleen. IFN-alpha 2a, 2b and 2c are active (leukocyte IFN is used less often, as is IFN-beta; IFN-gamma is ineffective). The standard dose is 3 x 10(6) U, three times a week for 12 weeks. Smaller doses and maintenance treatment is sometimes proposed. Haematological remission occurs in almost all cases, if not a misdiagnosis must be considered (villous lymphocyte lymphoma). Relapse usually occurs at the end of treatment, but sensitivity to IFN is not altered and final survival is improved. Nearly 90% of the patients are alive at 4 years. Although IFN is active in chronic myeloid leukemia, research in this area continues. Clinical trials have reported haematologic relapse in 90% and complete cytogenetic response in 15 to 35% of the patients. The effect on Ph+ cells is not observed with classical chemotherapies. Initial dose is generally 5 x 10(6) U/m2/day. High doses are not always well tolerated, but cytogenetic response is only seen in patients in haematologic and cytopenic remission. IFN therapy improves survival over classical treatments (median 62 versus 39 months). Survival is better after good cytogenetic response or complete remission. Combined chemo-IFN therapy is currently under study in an attempt to improve cytogenetic response. In terms of the molecular biology however, residual disease is almost always present and relapse is frequent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Seraspenide (acetylSDKP): phase I-II trial study of inhibitor of hematopoiesis protects against toxicity of aracytine and ifosfamide monochemotherapies].

Seraspenide, a synthetic tetrapeptide, inhibits cell cycle entry of normal hematopoietic stem cells. In mice it protects hemopoiesis against the damage caused by cytarabine, cyclophosphamide and carboplatin. Seraspenide has been given to 53 cancer patients undergoing monochemotherapy with cytarabine and ifosfamide in a double-blind cross-over randomized study. A significant protection of peripheral blood cells has been observed. Seraspenide has been devoided of toxicity.

Cytarabine↗
PubMed1991

Nosocomial legionnaires' disease in a bone marrow transplant unit.

We report the outcome of nosocomial legionnaires' disease in three patients who were isolated in the same sterile unit after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. In all three cases the disease presented with dramatic pulmonary symptoms, and diagnosis was ascertained by direct immunofluorescence on bronchoalveolar fluids. None of the patients underwent seroconversion. This report draws attention to: (1) the fact that bacteriological filters do not ensure absolute security; (2) the need for frequent monitoring of the two factors governing legionella growth, water temperature and chlorination; and (3) the effectiveness of quinolones as a curative and prophylactic treatment of legionnaires' disease in transplanted patients avoiding pharmacological cyclosporin interaction.

Adult↗