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Biomedical subjects

V Dogra

Publications and source records attributed to V Dogra.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Doppler evaluation of erectile dysfunction - part 1.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the consistent inability to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual activity. Erectile dysfunction affects as many as 30 million men in America, with an increasing prevalence with age. Erectile dysfunction is secondary to organic, psychogenic and combined causes. The first part of this review article describes the guidelines for evaluation and treatment plans for men with ED. It also describes the normal sonographic anatomy of the penis, sonographic technique for evaluation of ED and the normal phases of erection.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Doppler evaluation of erectile dysfunction - part 2.

Doppler evaluation in erectile dysfunction (ED) has a significant role in determining the cause of ED. The advantages of penile Doppler and pharmacologic duplex ultrasonography include objective, minimally invasive evaluation of penile hemodynamics at a relatively low cost. Arteriogenic ED may be secondary to peripheral vascular disease and diabetes, or may be seen in association with coronary artery disease. Various parameters, such as diameter of the cavernosal artery, peak systolic flow velocity, degree of arterial dilatation and acceleration time, have been suggested for the diagnosis of arteriogenic ED, but peak systolic flow velocity is the most accurate indicator of arterial disease. This second part of the review article describes the various causes of ED and the interpretation and evaluation of color flow Doppler examination in ED.

Erectile Dysfunction↗
PubMed2002

Catheter associated urinary tract infections in neurology and neurosurgical units.

OBJECTIVE: Catheter associated bacteriuria is the most common infection acquired in hospitals. The objective of the study was (1) to study the incidence of bacteriuria following indwelling urethral catheterization in patients with short-term vs long-term catheterization (2) to define the antibiotic resistance pattern among these isolates so that the study can provide guidelines for choosing an effective antibiotic against infections in catheterized patients. METHODS: This is a prospective study carried out over a period of 18 months in Neurology/Neurosurgical patients who had indwelling catheters for > or =48 h. RESULTS: In this study, 68 out of 800 (8.5%) adult inpatients acquired urinary tract infection following indwelling bladder catheterizations. The risk was significantly higher for female, elderly patients, critically ill and patients on prolonged catheterization. Among the bacterial pathogens, Escherichia coli was the commonest organism isolated (32.9%) followed by Pseudomonas sp. (15.1%) and Staphylococcus aureus (12.3%). Candida sp. comprised 13.7% of all isolates. Among Gram negative bacterial pathogens maximum number of isolates were sensitive to Amikacin (sensitivity of 42%). All Gram positive organisms were however sensitive to Vancomycin. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide guidelines for choosing salvage therapy against hospital resistant strains causing infection in catheterized patients. However, antibiotics seem to prevent urinary tract infections but primarily in patients catherized for short duration, i.e. 3-14 days and not in patients with long-term catheterization.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Mitral valve endocarditis following balloon mitral valvotomy.

The case of a patient who developed fungal valve endocarditis due to Candida albicans following balloon mitral valvotomy is presented. The patient did not have any obvious predisposing factors which led to the development of fungal endocarditis.

Candida albicans↗
PubMed2000

Comparison of Vitek Yeast Biochemical Card with conventional methods for speciation of Candida.

The ability of the Vitek Yeast Biochemical Card to identify yeast isolates was compared with conventional methods. Of the fifty yeast isolates tested same species identification was obtained in thirty-four isolates. The Vitek yeast biochemical card identified 13 isolates which could not be identified by the conventional tests. Though the Vitek Yeast biochemical card gave a good rapid identification the high cost of each test severely limits its routine use in most of the laboratories.

Candida↗
PubMed1992

An epidemic of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis caused by coxsackie A24 variant.

An epidemic of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) caused by a variant of coxsackie A24 (cox A24) occurred in Delhi during August to September 1988. Cox A24 antigen was detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) in conjunctival cell smears of 13 of the 38 (34.2%) patients studied. Virus was isolated from conjunctival swabs in 11 (28.9%) patients and all isolates were neutralized by cox A24 antiserum. Five virus strains sent to Virology Division of Centres for Disease Control, Atlanta, USA, were confirmed as cox A24 variant. Enterovirus type 70 (EV70) was not demonstrable either by IFA or neutralization tests. Conjunctival swabs from 10 healthy laboratory controls did not show any evidence of EV70 or cox A24 virus or their antigens.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Susceptibility of clinical isolates to cephalexin, cefazolin and cefotaxime.

Three hundred and seventeen recent clinical isolates were tested for in vitro susceptibility to the three cephalosporins available in India--cephalexin, cefazolin and cefotaxime by the Kirby--Bauer disc diffusion method. Cefazolin was the most effective cephalosporin against Gram positive cocci (71.8% sensitive) followed by cefotaxime (62.7%) and cephalexin (52.7%). Cefotaxime was very effective against commonly isolated Gram negative bacilli with only 10 (8.8%) isolates being resistant to it while 44 (39%) and 65 (57.5%) were resistant to cefazolin and cephalexin, respectively. All isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were resistant to cephalexin and cefazolin and only 29 (32.6%) were sensitive to cefotaxime.

Cefazolin↗
PubMed1989

Cockroaches as vectors of pathogenic bacteria.

One hundred and thirty two cockroaches of species Blattella germanica--96 from hospital ward (test group) and 36 from residential areas (control group) were caught during Nov. 1985 to Nov. 1986. A variety of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria were isolated from test and control group of insects. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, and Micrococci were isolated only from the test group of cockroaches. A high percentage (98.95 per cent) of test cockroaches were found to be carriers of various microorganisms as compared to the control group (80.55 per cent), the difference being statistically significant (p less than 0.001). Quantitative analysis in this study revealed that higher number of microorganisms are carried by test group of insects in the hospital environment. This, thereby suggests that these insects can play an important role in the etiology of hospital acquired infections.

Animals↗