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Biomedical subjects

V E Komar

Publications and source records attributed to V E Komar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Lymphocyte mechanoluminescence].

A unique installation and an original investigation method are described for studying mechanoluminescence of lymphocytes. The spectral content of mechanoluminescence of lymphocytes of human peripheral blood showed maxima of optical emission at 262, 291, 335 and 412 nm. Intraperitoneal administration of hydrocortisone in mice enhances thymocyte mechanoluminescence intensity after 2 and 3 days by 33 and 62%, resp. It is shown that Acridine orange, reacting with murine thymocytes and their nucleoids, affects intensity of their mechanoluminescence, depending on the value of concentration of the injected intercalator.

Acridine Orange↗
PubMed1991

[An evaluation of the conformational changes in the superhelical DNA of eukaryotic cells by direct nucleoid fluorometry. II. The characteristics of the change in acridine orange fluorescence in studying the superhelical DNA of rat thymocytes].

Comparative studies of acridine orange (AO) and ethidium bromide interactions with supercoiled DNA (scDNA) of thymocytes were performed in which various conformational changes were induced. AO may be efficiently used for evaluation of conformational alterations of scDNA. Moreover, employing the maximum values of AO fluorescence allows to determine the maximum levels of scDNA relaxation.

Acridine Orange↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in DNA and surface properties of peripheral blood leukocytes in monkeys after total gamma irradiation].

Changes of Macaca nemestrina and Rhesus blood DNA have been studied up to 5 days after the total uniform gamma-irradiation in doses 6.2 and 6.5 Gy. The content of nucleotide ATrich DNA has been evaluated in the fractions of leucocytes with the various surface adherence properties. The dynamics of the content nucleotide AT-DNA and blood leucocytes were similar at the both monkey species. The evaluation of structural state DNA in the blood nucleotide with the fluorescent dyes (ethidium bromide and 4; 6-diamidine-2-phenylindole) demonstrated that the important changes in the polynucleotide structure occurred from 6 to 24 h after irradiation and maintained up to 5 days. Adhesive capacity changes were reversible but they preceded the DNA structural changes. At 24 h postirradiation non-adhesive cells with relative higher AT-DNA content were found.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1988

[Spontaneous adhesion of blood leukocytes in cancer patients and healthy subjects].

The adherence of peripheral blood leukocyte to a hydrophilic substrate (cotton wool) was studied in healthy donors and patients with Hodgkin's disease and solid tumors. It was shown that neutrophils, eosinophils and lymphocytes contribute to the adhesive ability. Patients with primary solid neoplasms revealed an increased leukocyte adherence. Following a single therapeutic irradiation, this index appeared significantly enhanced in those with Hodgkin's disease. Possible causes of the disturbances are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Mechanism of the formation of micronuclei in PHA-stimulated lymphocytes from human peripheral blood].

The micronuclei of PHA-stimulated human lymphocytes were assayed by comparison of electron microscopy and light microscopy data. The length of the cell cycle was checked by the flow cytofluorimetry method. Both the variability of the apoptosis stages and the increase in (G2+M) period in gamma-irradiated cultures were found. It is concluded that at least part of the micronuclei results from the cell nucleus "partition" during the apoptosis type cell death.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed1986

[Evaluation of conformational changes in the supercoiled DNA of eukaryotic cells by direct nucleoid fluorimetry. I. The comparative information value of various methods of studying structural disorders in the supercoiled DNA in thymocytes and macrophages].

A direct fluorimetric method is elaborated for studying conformational distortions in the scDNA of "nucleoids" of macrophages and thymocytes. The method is more advantageous compared to methods of viscosimetry and sedimentation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Serum anti-protease activity in the evaluation of results of proton hypophysectomy].

The activity of the alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin were studied in 16 breast cancer patients and 25 hypophyseal adenoma patients prior to and at varying time after proton "hypophysectomy". A high alpha 1-antitrypsin level and a normal alpha 2-macroglobulin level were found in all the breast cancer patients. An increase in both blood serum inhibitors was detected in hypophyseal adenoma. The dependence of the alpha 1-antitrypsin content on a subclinical stage of generalized metastatic spread was revealed in the course of 2 years following "hypophysectomy" in the patients with disseminated breast cancer. In the hypophyseal adenoma patients the activity of both inhibitors returned to normal 1 year after treatment and remained within normal during 3 years of follow-up. It was regarded as a positive therapeutic effect. The above findings make it possible to propose the determination of the activity af alpha 1-antitrypsin in breast cancer and alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin in hypophyseal adenoma as an additional test for the evaluation of the results of proton "hypophysectomy".

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The current status of the problem of the biological indication of radiation lesions].

Current information is presented in the paper concerning the biological indication of radiation effects within a wide range of doses. The radiobiological phenomena that lay the basis for the development of methods of diagnosis of radiation injury are discussed. Basic requirements to biological indicators and principles of elaboration of the system of laboratory diagnosis of radiation injury are reported. A new classification of biological indicators of radiation affection based on the principles of pathogenesis is proposed. The informativeness of the diagnosis methods available is evaluated and the directions, which the search for new biological indications of radiation effect should follow, are outlined.

Biomarkers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The intensity of proteolysis in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of rats in the early period of acute radiation injury].

Comparative analysis of biochemical indices that reflect the proteolysis rate in rat peripheral blood lymphocytes in normal conditions and during the first 4-6 h after whole-body single uniform gamma-irradiation with lethal (7.5 Gy) and nonlethal (3 Gy) doses has revealed that the pronounced activation of proteolysis in lymphocytes and the disturbances in the inhibitor/protease balance are characteristic of the severe form of radiation damage with fatal outcome. Simultaneously changes occur in biochemical indices of plasma that reflect a catabolic pathway of metabolism in the whole-body. The absence of similar changes in the blood of the survived animals permits to recommend the biochemical indices under study to be used for early prognosis of the radiation affection outcome.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An analysis of the lymphocytes with anomalous nuclei in the peripheral blood of rats subjected to gamma irradiation].

The share of lymphocytes with abnormal nuclei in the peripheral rat blood was found to increase during the first 24 h following irradiation with doses LD0, LD50, and LD100. With LD50 the index under study significantly varied in survived, died and control animals. It is suggested that the occurrence of abnormal nuclei in the peripheral rat blood is the result of the two processes, namely, the mitotic division and apoptotic death of cells.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Proteinase inhibitors of the blood plasma in the early period of the development of acute radiation sickness in monkeys].

A study was made of the postirradiation kinetics of blood antiproteinase activity in monkeys (Macaca nemestrina). Whole-body uniform gamma-irradiation (LD100/45) was shown to induce a significant decrease in the activity of alpha 2-macroglobulin during the first 24 h following irradiation: the decreased activity level was retained throughout the entire latent period of radiation sickness. At the height of radiation sickness (the 7th-10th day) up to the animals' death, a sharp increase was registered in the activity of alpha 1-inhibitor of blood plasma proteinases. The authors discuss a pathogenetic role of the diminution of the inhibitory potential of blood in the course of radiation sickness.

Acute Disease↗