The gerontological nursing program.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V F Rempusheski.
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Four studies were conducted to refine and test a newly developed instrument designed to identify caregivers who are at high risk for providing poor-quality care to a dependent elder in the home: the Beliefs About Caregiving Scale (BACS). The BACS was tested for internal consistency, stability, and construct validity. Results suggest strong evidence for internal consistency and for construct validity using the multitrait method as well as moderate evidence for construct validity using predictive modeling. Although further refinements are required, initial tests suggest that the BACS is potentially useful for both research and clinical applications.
This article has attempted to illustrate (1) how the concept of ethnicity is related to elder care, whether that care is given at home, in a hospital, or in a nursing home; (2) some of the issues inherent in the assessment of ethnicity; and (3) some of the ways to incorporate the symbols of ethnic identity into an elder's plan of care. Essential to the assessment process are examination of perceived biases and expectations of care from both an elder's and a nurse's perspective. Incorporation of assessed ethnicity involves interpretation of an elder's behavior, rituals, and symbols--for example, preferred foods and language--and mutual planning of care that meets the priorities of the elder's ethnic beliefs.
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Using the grounded theory approach, 39 family caregivers were theoretically sampled using newspaper advertising to explore their perceptions of providing home care for frail elders and to generate a theoretical model that describes the dynamics of good quality and poor quality family caregiving; explains the relationships among certain contextual and perceptual variables and the behaviors exchanged by elders and caregivers; and identifies points where interventions by nurses could be effective. The model consists of five constructs that were identified from the data and were staged within the framework provided by symbolic interactionism and social exchange theory. The five constructs and two related driving forces provide a partial explanation for the quality of family caregiving and a beginning explanation for the phenomenon of elder abuse.
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This article presents an overview of qualitative research methods and illustrates ways in which these methods may be useful in discovering unknowns that contribute to knowledge about Alzheimer disease. An observation of an elder with Alzheimer disease sets the scene for thinking about ways to explore, describe, and interpret human experiences and the context within which these experiences are perceived. The philosophical assumptions and standards for qualitative research methods are discussed. Two of the qualitative research approaches (ethnography and grounded theory) are presented using examples from published studies to illustrate the logical consistency of fit between purpose statement, data collection strategies, analysis structures, and results specific to the language, and guidelines and rules for each of these two approaches. Practical issues of data management, including the availability of qualitative computer packages and publication, are addressed briefly.
There is an absence of empirical data about how health care providers operationally define and conceptualize abuse and neglect of the aged and the decision processes involved in assessing and identifying neglectful and abusive relationships. The grounded theory technique was used to formulate a 4-stage decision-making model. Tape-recorded interviews of a sample of 29 health care providers were coded and analyzed. The model identifies three types of decisions (diagnostic, value, and intervention) and the categories health care providers consider in making these decisions. The complexity of the decision processes is revealed in five pathways through the model. The hypotheses from the data can serve as a guide for future research aimed at assisting health care providers to make better decisions about intervening in situations where elders are being cared for by relatives in the home setting.