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Biomedical subjects

V Freitag

Publications and source records attributed to V Freitag.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Fixation of onlay bone grafts with lag screws.

A method is described of fastening bone segments to the mandible and maxilla by means of lag screws. The indications are discussed, as are the possible advantages of the procedure compared with fixation of bone grafts by wiring or by osteosynthesis plates. Indications include: 1. Fixation of bone segments at the lower border of the mandible when, after maximal displacement of the segments, the surface of contact between the mandible and the bone segment becomes too small. 2. Filling-in defects in the alveolar process, e.g. stabilising bone grafts for augmentation of the height of the alveolar ridge. 3. Fixation of fragments serving to bridge over mandibular defects. Within the stated range of indications lag screws appear to have the following advantages compared with wire fixation: a) more stable immobilisation of the grafts b) closer contact between graft and recipient surface through compression between the two; c) the possibility of easier removal of the screws compared with removal of wires. Within the range of indications lag screws appear to have the following advantages compared with bone graft fixation by means of osteosynthesis plates: a) The plate acts as a separating medium between graft and the soft tissue bed. b) The more tedious removal of plates is avoided with screws.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1980

[Contact microradiography of bone sections with various radiation properties].

A comparative evaluation of contact micrographs from microtome sections of nondecalcified bony tissue, exposed with bremsstrahlung (6 kv) and with titan-k-alpha radiation (6, 10 kv), filtered and unfiltered, was made on the basis of microphotograms. Only minimal differences in quality could be established which were of questionable significance. Optimal microradiographs therefore can be produced with Ti-k-alpha radiation. For practical purposes, the method is superior to other radiation qualities because of the short exposure time.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Studies of lipase and antilipase on different strains of the genera Serratia, Aeromonas and Vibrio (author's transl)].

Lipase and antilipase were studied in the following genera: Serratia, Aeromonas and Vibrio. Numerous comparative investigations showed that the Jipase of Serratia marcescens is not of a uniform antigenic structure as not all antilipase-sera of Serratia marcescens have the ability to neutralize the lipase of all studied strains of this species. Cross-reactions were seen between the genera Serratia and Aeromonas. A special reaction of the antilipase sera of Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas punctata could be demonstrated on the lipase of one strain of Serratia marcescens. Those Aeromonas sera could neutralize the lipase of one strain of Serratia marcescens.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1980

[Epidemiological studies of increasing appearances of Proteus inconstans (Providencia stuartii) infections (author's transl)].

Since proteus inconstans turns out to be the causative agent of an increasing amount of hospital infections, studies on this species are necessary. By means of bacteriocines, biochemical reactions and antibiograms 53 strains were subclassified. 47 strains displayed same biochemical properties, 44 strains showed the same antibiogram. By the method on the basis of bacteriocine typing 15 groups were established. The strains with the same biochemical properties and the same antibiograms could be further subclassified. The distribution of the different bacteriocine groups showed that the infections were not due to a single strain. In contrast there were some indices for cross-infections on some stations.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

[Nosocomial infections with Providencia stuartii (Proteus inconstans) (author's transl)].

48% of all isolates of Providencia stuartii obtained within a period of one year, originated from the urine of catheterised patients, whereas another 37% were found in the respiratory tract of patients with intubation. The incidence of Providenica stuartii correlated with the period during which iatrogenic measures had been applied, as well as with a preceding course with antibiotics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Disorders of the coordination of masticatory muscles in lesions of the brain stem].

Observations of 10 patients were reported. In addition to other neurologic deficits, coordination of the trigeminus, a motor nerve, may also be disturbed with brain lesions. Disturbance of bilateral synergism can be demonstrated with the EMG. The muscles closing the jaw on the affected side are paradoxically innervated when the jaw is opened, i.e., they function like antagonists to the muscles responsible for jaw closure on the opposite side. This condition may produce trismus. Similar central disturbances in bilateral coordination of the ocular muscles have also been established. Bilateral synergism of the trigeminus is also controlled via a center in the brain stem.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1978

[Bacteriemia due to acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratus (author's transl)].

A serious bacteremia caused by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratus could be observed. From the clinical point of view the most important symptoms were shivering, high tempeature up to 41 degrees C and clinical signs of acute hepatitis. There were pathological changes in the EEG. Certain signs of an outlayer damage of the heart could be seem in the ECG. The pathogenic microorganism isolated from the blood culture media was classified. Specific antibodies--agglutinines and precipitines--were demonstrated in the patient's serum. A contamination could be excluded so that the bacterium was the causative agent. The diagnostic value of finding antibodies in patient's serum having this type of bacterial infection is discussed.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1978

[In vitro activity of cefoxitin compared with the activity of other antibiotics and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (author's transl)].

The new developed antibiotic cefoxitin has been tested in vitro on its effectiveness against bacteria isolated from human material. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and streptococci of the serological group D were not tested, because these microorganisms are not sensitive against this antibiotic. Besides cefoxitin other antibiotics (cephalothin, cephalexin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin, penicillin G, oxacillin) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were also tested. As to the results cefoxitin shows the best effectiveness against all gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative bacteria including indol-positive species of proteus, providencia, serratia marcescens and the anaerobe, gram-negative, non-spore-forming rods. There are different results with enterobacter-, citrobacter-, achromobacter- and acinetobacter-species.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1978

Inverse activity of masticatory muscles with and without trismus: a brainstem syndrome.

Clinical and EMG findings in 10 cases of intrinsic brainstem lesions are reported with paradoxical activity of jaw closing muscles during jaw opening, with and without trismus. In five cases with trigeminal anaesthesia, the inverse activity of jaw closers is interpreted as a manifestation of disturbance in the central programming of mastication in the motor trigeminal area of the brainstem. Stretch reflex mechanisms and disinhibition of the trigeminal motor neurones play no part in the origin of inverse activity. The distinct brainstem syndrome can only be detected by EMG and the special clinical features.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Compression plate osteosynthesis in infected mandibular fractures].

Self-compromising osteosynthesis plates proved satisfactory for 19 patients with infected fractures of the mandible. After immediate stabilization of the fracture with osteosynthesis plates, the abscess was incised and drained, and antibiotic therapy was instituted. All the fractures consolidated without significant complications. Radiologic assessment revealed delayed bony healing. Our findings agree with those in the field of general traumatology for treating infected fractures.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1977

[Hospital infections from a bacteriological viewpoint].

In spite of the successful treatment of bacteriological infections combined with progress in hospital hygiene there remain still problems of infective hospitalism in certain sections of the hospital. Generally, the causative bacteria are nosoparasites not being dangerous to human beings in good condition. From this point of view Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens are the most important species. A successful challenge against infective hospitalism is only possible under the supervision of the bacteriologist. It is his task to isolate and differentiate the bacteria and to carry out the sensitivity tests against antibiotics. Besides this, he has to treat epidemiological and hygienic problems. Special kinds of methods sometimes have to be used to find out the sources and the routes of spreading of the infections in a hospital e.g. bacteriophage typing, bacteriocin typing and analysis of the antigenic structure. Likewise, the transmission of bacteria by air has to be studied and continuous controlling measures and monitoring are required. The bacteriologist is also responsible for preparing hygiene instructions. There always has to exist a good cooperation between the bacteriologist, the clinical doctors, the nurses and the technical staff. The whole problem can only be handled by special teams.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1977

[The image of the temporomandibular joint in the panoramic radiographs].

Of the general panoramic radiographs those with an intraoral focus (magnifying panoramic radiography) are not suitable to represent the temporo-mandibular joint. In contrast, panoramic tomograms represent the temporo-mandibular joint better, but they cannot be recommended unreservedly for the exact evaluation of this region. Presently there is no substitute for conventional radiographs.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

[The epidemiology of blastomyces infections with special reference to postoperative intensive care wards (author's transl)].

230 strains of Blastomyces were isolated during a nine month's period in the course of routine laboratory examinations of faecal and other specimens. Candida albicans was the most frequently present (151), followed by Candida tropicalis (39) and Torulopsis glabrata (16). During an environmental study in a postoperative intensive care unit 426 swabs were taken. 88 strains of Blastomyces were cultured from 75 swabs. The observations indicate that Candida albicans as a free-living organism lacks favourable conditions for multiplication in sick rooms and wards, and that it does not play the same role in cross-infection as does, e.g., Psudeomonas aeruginosa or strains of Klebsiella. The same apparently also applies to Candida tropicalis and Torulopsis. Measures to prevent infection with yeast-like fungi in hospitals are reviewed.

Blastomycosis↗